Midterm Review Flashcards
In non-linear phonology, syllable onset is thought to be the strongest position for consonant production. Which of the frequently produced syllable shapes found in Stoel-Gammon data regarding syllable shape acquisition is most consistent with this idea?
A. CV
B. CVC
C. VC
D. VCV
B. CV
The strong-weak stress pattern (i.e trochaic) can be seen in which of the following words? note the part of speech (noun vs. verb)
A. The noun ‘design’
B. The noun ‘object
C. the verb ‘permit’
D. the verb ‘present’
B. the noun ‘object’
Which period of speech acquisition is characterized by rapid increases in vocabulary, systematic relations between child and adult forms, and phoneme based representations
representational
Which of the following phonological process errors is occurring when “ship” is produced as [sIp]
depalatalization
A child says [dʌt] for “duck.” Although the production was not consistent with the adult target, the child’s production was labeled as “incorrect.” The SLP recorded that the child produced the phones [d] initially, [ʌ] and medially [t] in final position and indicated the syllable shape CVC was used. What is the SLP doing?
determining what consonant phones are in the inventory, thereby considering independent from the adult targets (independent analysis)
The phonological process involving syllable deletions is most likely to occur in which of the following contexts?
A. Rounded vowels
B. Stressed syllables
C. Tense vowels
D. Unstressed syllables
D. Unstressed syllables
Which of the following syllable shapes represents the maximal onsets principle for the word ‘between’
A.cvc.vvc
B. CVC.CVC
C. CVCCV.C
D. CV.CCVC
D. CV.CCVC
A phonological process describes
A. a systematic relation between adult and child forms
B. An atypical development pattern
C. An exception within the child’s productions
D. The order in which children develop speech sounds
A. A systematic relation between adult and child forms
Which of the following considerations for selecting speech sound targets for treatment requires specific information about the child’s speech skills
a) continuity from pre-linguistic to linguistic skills
b) developmental sequence of acquisition
c) frequency of sound occurrence in the language
d) stimulability of errored speech sounds
stimulability of errored speech sounds
What is the ‘cycles’ component of the cycles approach referring to?
A. targeting non-stimulable sounds and later acquired sounds
B. The practice of continuously working in a speech target pattern until the client reaches mastery (80%) before moving to a new target
C. The practice of rotating between all error target patterns with each session.
D. The practice of working on a speech target pattern for a defined time period and moving to a new pattern regardless of mastery, eventually returning to the original target pattern.
D. The practice of working on a speech target pattern for a defined time period and moving to a new pattern regardless of mastery, eventually returning to the original target pattern.
The cycles approach prioritizes omission of stressed syllables. Which of the following indicates this error is present?
A. ɑrt for ‘start’
B.[grɑʊnd] for ‘playground’
C. [ˈnænə] for ‘bannana’
D. [tɛvɪʒən] for ‘television’
B.[grɑʊnd] for ‘playground’
Which of the following is an advantage that connected speech sampling lends to the assessment of speech sound disorders
a) it is the quickest method of sampling speech sound production
b) it includes productions of all the language’s phonemes in all positions
c) it maintains speech intelligibility because the adult targets are known
d) it provides a representative speaking context
it provides a representative speaking context
The cycles approach considers the velar nasals to be an inappropriate target for preschoolers. Which of the following may indicate an error on the velar nasal is present?
A.[bæsk] for ‘mask’
B.[dɛt] for ‘get’
C. [swɪmɪn] for ‘swimming’
D. [tiŋ] for ‘king’
C. [swɪmɪn] for ‘swimming’
When having a child immediately imitate the auditory-visual model for a speech target, the clinician is performing which of the following components of an assessment battery?
sound stimulability
A child can produce /s/ in the syllables [sʌ] and [is] but not in the word “see.” Choose which level in which the child can correctly produce this sound.
a) isolation
b) syllable
c) word
d) phrase
syllable
Which underlying concept of cycles justifies the use of auditory stimulation
A. Containing multiple different target sounds
B. Children with normal hearing acquire sounds through listening to adult targets
C. Children tend to generalize new speech production skills to other targets
D. Phonological acquisition is a gradual process
B. Children with normal hearing acquire sounds through listening to adult targets
Which of the following are ideal characteristics of production-practice words in Cycles?
A. containing multiple different target sounds
B. facilitative phonetic environments
C. multi-syllabic
D. unfamiliar or infrequently used by the client
B. facilitative phonetic environments
How might a clinician use the Metaphor Approach to teach the cluster /kl/?
the coughing /k/ sound and the singing “la” sound want to be friends
On which of the following words is it possible for the final consonant deletion process to occur
A. Car
B. Cow
C. Little
D. Sure
A. Car
studies summarized in the packet such as Stoel-Gammon indicated that sounds in early meaningful speech are similar to sounds in early babbling. These findings supported which of theory of phonological development.
continuity model
At the beginning of the representational period
vocabulary growth increases sharply
Which process(es) could apply to the form [du] juice
a) consonant cluster simplification
b) final consonant deletion
c) stopping
d) unstressed syllable deletion
e) vocalization
final consonant deletion and stopping
A child produces “teep” for “keep”. What
phonological process could be occurring?
a. Cluster Simp.
b. Stopping
c. Velar Fronting
d. Vocalization
e. Voicing
c. Velar Fronting
A child uses unstressed syllable deletion when producing “alligator”. What will the child’s transcribed production most likely resemble?
a.[‘æ.ge.ɾɚ]
b.[‘æl.ge.ɾɚ]
c.[‘æ.lɪ.ɾɚ]
d.[’lɪ.ge.ɾɚ]
e. [lɪ.’ge.ɾɚ]
a.[‘æ.ge.ɾɚ]
correct production (75% of children)- which word would be the lastest to be produced correctly?
a) fish
b) ball
c) block
ball
an 18 month old produces [hʌŋgri] for “hungry.” Which of the following other productions of this child is evidence that this production of “hungry” is an advanced form?
a) [ ̀ais.krim] for ice cream
b) [bə. ̀lu] for blue
c) [din] for green
d) [ ̀pʌ.pi] for puppy
[din] for green
Which process(es) could apply to the form [tiʊ̩] cheer (choose ALL that could apply, can’t do with clickers, so click in one if there are >1)?
a.Consonant Cluster Simplification
b. Final Consonant Deletion
c.Stopping
d.Unstressed Syllable Deletion
e.Vocalization
c.Stopping and e.Vocalization
Which process(es) could apply to the form [ju] blue (choose ALL that could apply)
a.Consonant Cluster Simplification
b.Final Consonant Deletion
c.Gliding
d.Stopping
e.Vocalization
a.Consonant Cluster Simplification and c.Gliding
Which process(es) could apply to the form [bido] beatle (Choose ALL that could apply)
A.Consonant Cluster Simplification
B.Final Consonant Deletion
C.Stopping
D.Unstressed Syllable Deletion
E.Vocalization
E.Vocalization
correct production (75% of children)- first to be produced correctly?
a) juice
b) cup
c) bath
cup
Which process(es) could apply to the form [hæn] hand (choose ALL that could apply)
A.Consonant Cluster Simplification
B.Final Consonant Deletion
C.Stopping
D.Unstressed Syllable Deletion
E.Vocalization
A.Consonant Cluster Simplification
which processes could apply to the form [kI] for skip
a) stopping
b) final consonant deletion
c) velar harmony
d) consonant cluster simplification
e) weak syllable deletion
final consonant deletion
consonant cluster simplification
