midterm review

Question 1

why is clinical psychology hard to define?

Answer 1

1. broad field.
2. overlap w other psych fields.
3. diversity in training.

Question 2

clinical psychology

Answer 2

broad field of practice and research within psychology. applies psych principles to the assessment, prevention, amelioration, and rehab of psych distress, disability, dysfunctional behaviour, and health risk behaviour.

Question 3

uses of clinical psychology definition

Answer 3

1. education.
2. advocacy.
3. facilitate training.
4. interact with other psych fields.

Question 4

evidence-based practice (EBP) model

Answer 4

idea that it is ethically imperative to engage in empirically validated services.

Question 5

assessment

Answer 5

systematic evaluation and measurement of psychological, biological, and social factors in individual/group in question. collection and integration of multiple types of data.

Question 6

diagnosis

Answer 6

identification of an illness/disorder by examination of symptoms.

Question 7

classification

Answer 7

system that allows scientists to organize, describe, and relate subject matter of discipline.

Question 8

6 point dial of treatment

Answer 8

evidence based approach to assessment, diagnosis, and treatment.
1. assessment of dangerousness.
2. diagnosis.
3. diagnosis-based treatment.
4. ongoing evaluation of treatment response.
5. obstacles.
6. motivation.

Question 9

main points of evidence based assessment approach to diagnosis and treatment

Answer 9

1. identify estimates for local base rate.
2. compare available assessments for specific clinical problems.
3. select one as primary measure.
4. find or calculate psychometric details that facilitate clinical application of tools.

Question 10

ethics

Answer 10

how people should treat each other according to a standard set of values. ideal and aspirational.

Question 11

professional ethics

Answer 11

core values held by professionals. can be applied to resolve dilemmas. acceptable vs unacceptable behaviour.

Question 12

autonomy

Answer 12

right to self-determination. freedom of choice vs freedom of action. informed consent important.

Question 13

nonmaleficence

Answer 13

not inflicting intentional harm or risk upon others. more important to do no harm than to help.

Question 14

beneficence

Answer 14

contributing to the well-being of others. establish and maintain competence.

Question 15

fidelity

Answer 15

put the needs of the client first, even when it is inconvenient or uncomfortable. faithfulness, loyalty, honesty, and trustworthiness.

Question 16

justice

Answer 16

acting fairly. equity in allocation of services. everyone should be able to benefit.

Question 17

ethical decision making process (5 steps)

Answer 17

1. identify those involved.
2. identify relevant issues and practices involved.
3. how does your personal bias influence action?
4. develop courses of action.
5. short-term, ongoing, and long-term risks and benefits for all involved.

Question 18

biomedical model

Answer 18

model of mental disorders that views mental disorders as the result of biological differences in the brain, emphasizes biological treatment, and says there is no difference between mental and physical disorders.

Question 19

biopsychosocial approach

Answer 19

views mental disorders as stemming from biological, psychological, and social factors. should be considered as alternative to biomedical model.

Question 20

canadian code of ethics

Answer 20

principle I: respect for dignity of persons.
principle II: responsible caring.
principle III: integrity in relationships.
principle IV: responsibility to society.