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Family Resource Management > Midterm Review > Flashcards

Midterm Review Flashcards

1
Q

Cocooning: define

A

The desire to stay at home as a place of coziness, control, peace, insulation, and protection.

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2
Q

Information anxiety: define

A

The gap between what an individual thinks they understand and what they actually understand.

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3
Q

Information Overload: define

A

The state when an individual is exposed to too much information in too short a time - so much that they cannot process the information.

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4
Q

Habitual decision making: define

A

Choices that are made out of habit without additional information search.

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5
Q

Low involvement: define

A

Tendency not to think too much about current information and have attention wander.

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6
Q

Actively acquired information: define

A

The consumer actively looks for the information.

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7
Q

Brainstorming: define

A

All group members suggest ideas - no matter how ridiculous or strange.

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8
Q

Social exchange theory: define

A

Claims that individuals seek to develop relationships that will maximize the benefits or profits and minimize the costs or deficits.

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9
Q

Constructive conflicts: define

A

Focus on the issue of the problem rather than on the person’s deficits.

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10
Q

Destructive conflicts: define

A

Interpersonal conflicts involving direct verbal attacks on another individual.

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11
Q

Interpersonal conflicts: define

A

Actions by one person that interfere in some way with the actions of another.

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12
Q

Conflict resolution: define

A

Negotiations to remedy the conflict.

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13
Q

Conflict: define

A

A state of disagreement or disharmony.

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14
Q

Advocate or expert channels: define

A

Experts, salespeople, people with a cause; more likely to contact receivers through less direct communication.

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15
Q

Social channels: define

A

Include friends, neighbors, and family.

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16
Q

Indirect channels: define

A

Radio, television, magazines, newspapers, and signs

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17
Q

Message content: define

A

Refers to the strategies or information that may be used to communicate an idea or policy to receivers.

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18
Q

Message construction: define

A

Includes the appropriate placement of information in a message to have maximum impact.

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19
Q

You-messages: define.

A

Statements that often ascribe blame or judge others.

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20
Q

I-messages

A

Statements of fact about how an individual feels or thinks.

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21
Q

Nonverbal symbols: define

A

Anything other than words in communication.

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22
Q

Verbal symbols: define

A

Words

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23
Q

Ostrich effect: define

A

Not wanting to know what is in any form of communication in reference to a current problem, issue, or conflict.

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24
Q

Abstract symbols: define

A

Ideas rather than objects.

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25
Q

Visible symbols: define

A

Symbols that can be seen.

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26
Q

Symbols:

A

Things that suggest something else through association.

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27
Q

Message: define

A

The total communication that is sent, listened to, and received.

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28
Q

Empathy: define

A

The ability to recognize and identify another’s feelings by putting oneself into their place.

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29
Q

Empathetic listening / reflective listening: define

A

Listening for feelings.

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30
Q

Critical listening: define

A

The listener evaluates or challenges what is heard.

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31
Q

Responses: define

A

An individuals reactions that follow a message.

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32
Q

Decoding: define

A

The process by which the receiver assigns meaning to symbols.

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33
Q

Encoding: define

A

The process of putting thoughts, ideas, or information into symbolic form.

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34
Q

Destination: define

A

Receiver, audience

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35
Q

Source: define

A

Sender, communicator.

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36
Q

Receiving: define

A

Listening to the verbal messages and observing the nonverbal messages.

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37
Q

Internal noise: define

A

Occurs in someone’s mind.

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38
Q

Noise: define

A

Unwanted sound that disturbs or distracts, is a barrier to learning and communication.

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39
Q

Channel: define

A

Method by which communication travels from sender to receiver.

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40
Q

Interference: define

A

Anything that distorts or interrupts a message.

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41
Q

Communication: define

A

Process of transmitting a message from sender to receiver.

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42
Q

Feedback: define

A

The total response pattern between sender and receiver.

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43
Q

Pleasurable listening: define

A

Provides enjoyment, relaxation, satisfaction, diversion, amusement, or delight.

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44
Q

Informational listening: define

A

Done to acquire knowledge or instruction.

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45
Q

Plan: define

A

A detailed scheme, program, strategy, or method worked out beforehand for the accomplishment of a desired result.

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46
Q

Gresham’s law of planning: define

A

Individuals, families, and organizations may become so caught up in everyday activities that they have no time to plan.

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47
Q

Task saturation: define

A

Occurs when people are so caught up doing things that they can no longer plan or lead effectively.

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48
Q

Introverts: define

A

Tend to think about themselves first; their thoughts are turned inward.

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49
Q

Extroverts: define

A

Less interested in self and more interested in others and the environment.

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50
Q

Scheduling: define

A

Refers to the specification of sets of time bounded projected activities which are sufficient for the achievement of a desired goal.

51
Q

Interdependent activities: define

A

Activities that take place one at a time.

52
Q

Directional plans: define

A

Progress along a linear path to long-term goal fulfillment.

53
Q

Contingency plans: define

A

Back up or secondary plans to be used in case a plan does not work.

54
Q

Strategic plans: define

A

Plans that use a directional approach and use both a proactive search for new opportunities and a reactive solution to existing problems.

55
Q

Proactive language: examples

A

I choose, I prefer, I will.

56
Q

Reactive language: examples

A

I can’t, I must, if only.

57
Q

Dovetailing: define

A

Occurs when two or more activities occur at the same time.

58
Q

Implementing: define

A

Putting plans and procedures into action and controlling the action.

59
Q

Actuating: define

A

Putting plans into effect, action, or motion.

60
Q

Adjusting: define

A

Checking and rechecking plans

61
Q

Checking: define

A

determining whether actions are in compliance with standards and sequencing.

62
Q

Evaluation: define

A

A process of judging the cost, value, or worth of a plan or decision based on such criteria as standards, met demands, or goals.

63
Q

Assessment: define

A

Involves the gathering of information about results, the comparison of those results with the past, and the open discussion of the meaning of those results, the ways they have been gathered, and their implications for the next moves of the family or individual.

64
Q

Decision making style: define

A

The characteristic way that a person makes decisions

65
Q

Decision plan: define

A

A long complicated process that includes a sequence of intentions.

66
Q

Post purchase dissonance: define

A

After a major purchase the purchaser is likely to seek reinforcement for the decision.

67
Q

Reference groups: define

A

The people who influence an individual or provide guidance or advice.

68
Q

Peter principle: define

A

People tend to be promoted until the reach a level beyond their competence.

69
Q

Decidophobia: define

A

The fear of making decisions; specifically the fear of failure.

70
Q

Intuition: define

A

The sense of knowing what to do without going through the rational process.

71
Q

Accommodation: define

A

The family reaches a decision by accepting the decision of the dominant individual.

72
Q

Consensual decision: define

A

The family reaches a decision that is equally acceptable to all members.

73
Q

De facto decision making: define

A

A lack of dissent rather than by active assent.

74
Q

Syncratic: define

A

Families in which spouses share equally in most decision making.

75
Q

Autonomic: define

A

An equal number of decisions are made independently by each spouse.

76
Q

Problem solving: define

A

Making decisions that lead to the resolution of a problem.

77
Q

Internal search: define

A

Looking within oneself for information for making decisions.

78
Q

External search: define

A

Gathering information from family, friends, other people, and the media.

79
Q

Uncertainty: define

A

The state or feeling of being in doubt.

80
Q

Success: define

A

The achievement of something desirable.

81
Q

Indecisiveness: define

A

The tendency to be unable to or to avoid making decisions.

82
Q

Motivation: define

A

Movement towards goals or other desired outcomes.

83
Q

Resource capacity: define

A

The amount of resources available to be used by a family or individual.

84
Q

Human resources: define

A

The skills, talents, and abilities that people posess.

85
Q

Intangible resources: define

A

Resources that cannot be touched.

86
Q

Tangible resources: define

A

Resources that are real, touchable, or capable of being appraised.

87
Q

Human capital: define

A

The sum total of human resources, all the capabilities and traits that people use to achieve goals and other resources.

88
Q

Material resources: define

A

Include natural phenomena and human made items.

89
Q

Resource stock: define

A

The sum of readily available resources that an individual possesses.

90
Q

Scarcity: define

A

A shortage or insufficient amount of supply.

91
Q

Opportunity cost: define

A

The highest valued alternative that must be sacrificed to satisfy a want or attain something.

92
Q

Private resource: define

A

Owned and/or controlled by an individual, family, or group.

93
Q

Public resource: define

A

Owned and used by all people in a locality or country.

94
Q

Economic well being: define

A

The degree to which individuals and families have economic adequacy and security.

95
Q

Entrepreneur: define

A

A person who organizes, operates, and successfully operates a new enterprise.

96
Q

Utility: define

A

The value, worth, applicability, productiveness, or usefulness of a resource.

97
Q

Cognition: define

A

The mental process or faculty by which knowledge is acquired.

98
Q

Consume: define

A

To destroy, use, or expend.

99
Q

Resource: define

A

What is available to be used; any entity, tangible or intangible, that contributes to the ability for an individual or family to produce valuable outputs.

100
Q

Advantage theory: define

A

Superior financial returns flow to those firms that are either able to create create value more efficiently or efficiently create more value for customers.

101
Q

Affective domain: define

A

Value meanings derived from feelings

102
Q

Cognitive domain: define

A

Value meanings derived from thinking.

103
Q

Attitudes: define

A

outlooks that may express values, serve as a means of evaluation, or demonstrate a feeling in regards to some idea, person, object, event, situation, or relationship.

104
Q

Absolute values: define

A

Extreme and definite.

105
Q

Relative values: define

A

Interpreted based on the context.

106
Q

Intrinsic values: define

A

Ends in of themselves (internally driven)

107
Q

Extrinsic values: define

A

Derive their worth from someone or something else.

108
Q

Terminal values: define

A

Preferences for end states of existence.

109
Q

Instrumental values: define

A

Preferences for general modes of conduct.

110
Q

Cultural values: define

A

Generally held conceptualizations of what is right or wrong in a culture or what is preferred.

111
Q

Socialization: define

A

The process by which children learn the rules and values of a society.

112
Q

Resilience: define

A

The ability to overcome obstacles and achieve positive outcomes even after experiencing extreme difficulty.

113
Q

The n Ach factor: define

A

An individuals need for achievement.

114
Q

Intrinsic motivation: define

A

The underlying causes and the internal need for competence and self determination.

115
Q

Extrinsic motivation: define

A

Forces external to the individual.

116
Q

Decision making: define

A

He process of choosing the best alternative for reaching objectives.

117
Q

Management process: define

A

Planning, controlling, and evaluation of resources in order to a hive goals.

118
Q

Goals: define

A

The desires that individuals and families are willing to work for. An objective or purpose to be attained.

119
Q

Planning: define

A

A series of decisions from among various alternatives.

120
Q

Standards: define

A

A set of measures of values stemming from our value patterns, determining the amount and kind of interest in something and the satisfaction we receive.

121
Q

Implementing: define

A

taking plans and putting them into action.

122
Q

Life management: define

A

Encompasses the decisions an individual will make.

123
Q

Management tools: define

A

Devices, techniques, or instruments used to arrive at decisions or plan actions.

124
Q

Values: define

A

Principles that guide behavior, honesty, and loyalty.

Family Resource Management (1 decks)

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