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Medical Terminology I > Midterm Review > Flashcards

Midterm Review Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Medical language comes mostly from two ancient languages

A

Greek and Latin

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2
Q

Eponyms

A

Named after a PERSON (ex. Lou Gehrig’s disease)

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3
Q

Acronyms

A

Combination of first letters/syllables (ex. MRI)

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4
Q

Modern languages for medical terminology

A

German, French, English

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5
Q

Ultima

A

the last syllable

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6
Q

Penult

A

the second to last syllable

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7
Q

Antepenult

A

the third to last syllable

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8
Q

When pronouncing, emphasis usually falls on the

A

third-to-last syllable (antepenult)

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9
Q

Root

A

foundation or subject of the term

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10
Q

Suffix

A

ending that gives essential meaning to the term

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11
Q

Prefix

A

added to the beginning of a term when needed to further modify the root

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12
Q

Common roots

A

Function like nouns in the language of medicine.
Are often followed by a combining vowel
Ex:
Arthr/o.
Cardi/o.
Enter/o.

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13
Q

Some meanings have more than one root

A

Ex: Hem/o and hemat/o both mean blood

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14
Q

Angi/o, vas/o, and vascul/o

A

all mean vessel

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15
Q

gen/o

A

creation, cause (ex. pathogenic)

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16
Q

hydr/o

A

water

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17
Q

morph/o

A

change

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18
Q

myc/o

A

fungus (ex. dermatomycosis)

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19
Q

necr/o

A

death (ex. necrophilia) - gross but memorable

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20
Q

orth/o

A

straight (ex. orthodontist)

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21
Q

path/o

A

suffering, disease (ex. pathology)

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22
Q

phag/o

A

eat (ex. aphagia, the inability to swallow)

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23
Q

plas/o

A

formation (ex. hyperplasia)

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24
Q

py/o

A

pus (ex. pyorrhea, pyemia)

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25
Q

scler/o

A

hard

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26
Q

troph/o

A

nourishment, development (trophology, hypertrophy)

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27
Q

xen/o

A

foreign (ex. xenograft)

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28
Q

Adjective

A

often mean pertaining to

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29
Q

Noun

A

turn the root into a noun

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30
Q

Diminutive

A

transform a term’ s meaning to a smaller version.

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31
Q

-ia

A

condition (pneumonia)

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32
Q

-ism

A

condition (autism)

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33
Q

-ium

A

tissue, structure (pericardium)

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34
Q

-y

A

condition, procedure (hypertrophy)

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35
Q

icle, ole, ule, ula (all diminutive)

A

small (ex. ventricle, arteriole, pustule, uvula)

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36
Q

Complex suffixes are formed with

A

other suffixes, roots, and prefixes.

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37
Q

The suffix –tomy is formed by the combination of two word parts:

A

-y is a suffix meaning condition or procedure tom/o is a root meaning to cut
-tomy is a suffix meaning a cutting procedure

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38
Q

Complex suffixes

A

Combinations of suffixes.

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39
Q

Categories of complex suffixes

A

-Professional terms.
-Symptoms, diseases, or conditions.
-Tests and treatments performed by healthcare professionals.

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40
Q

-iatrics

A

medical science (pediatrics)

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41
Q

-iatry

A

medical science (psychiatry)

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42
Q

-iatrist

A

specialist in medicine of (psychiatrist)

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43
Q

-ist

A

specialist (dentist)

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44
Q

-logist

A

specialist in the study of (psychologist)

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45
Q

-logy

A

study of (psychology)

46
Q

-algia

A

Pain (myalgia)

47
Q

-dynia

A

pain (gastrodynia)

48
Q

-celehernia

A

hernia (a bulging of tissue into an area where it doesn’t belong) (ex. hydrocele)

49
Q

-emia

A

blood condition (leukemia)

50
Q

-iasis

A

presence of (lithiasis)

51
Q

-itis

A

inflammation (arthritis)

52
Q

-lysis

A

loosen, break down (hemolysis)

53
Q

-malacia

A

abnormal softening

54
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement (hepatomegaly)

55
Q

-oid

A

resembling (keloid)

56
Q

-oma

A

tumor (ex melanoma)

57
Q

-osis

A

condition

58
Q

-pathy

A

disease

59
Q

-penia

A

deficiency (ex. leukopenia)

60
Q

-ptosis

A

drooping (nephroptosis)

61
Q

-rrhage

A

excessive flow (hemorrhage)

62
Q

-rrhagia

A

excessive flow (

63
Q

-rrhea

A

flow (ex. DIARRHEA LOLLLLL)

64
Q

-rrhexis

A

rupture (metrorrhexis)

65
Q

-spasm

A

involuntary contraction

65
Q

-centesis

A

puncture

66
Q

-gram

A

written record

67
Q

-graph

A

cardiograph

68
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

69
Q

-meter

A

instrument used to measure

70
Q

-metry

A

process of measuring

71
Q

-scope

A

instrument used to look

72
Q

-scopy

A

process of looking

73
Q

-desis

A

binding, fixation

74
Q

-ectomy

A

removal

75
Q

-pexy

A

surgical fixation

76
Q

-plasty

A

reconstruction

77
Q

-rrhaphy

A

suture

78
Q

-stomy

A

creation of an opening

79
Q

-tomy

A

incision

80
Q

-ma in plural is???

A

mata

81
Q

-y in plural is??

A

ies

82
Q

Prefix

A

word part placed at the beginning of a word

83
Q

a-
-ay

A

NOT

84
Q

an-

an

A

not (ex. you are ANEMIC YOU LOSER)

85
Q

de-

A

down, away from (ex. dehydration)

86
Q

pro-

proh

A

before, on behalf of (ex. prohbotic)

87
Q

brady-

A

slow

88
Q

tachy-

A

fast

89
Q

ab-

A

away (ex. abhor)

90
Q

ad-

A

toward

91
Q

dia-

A

through (ex. diagnostic)

92
Q

trans-

A

through

93
Q

-e, ec, and ex

A

OUT.

94
Q

ecto exo and extra

A

OUTSIDE

95
Q

en endo and intra

A

INSIDE

96
Q

epi

A

UPON

97
Q

sub

A

beneath

98
Q

inter

A

between

99
Q

hemi and semi

A

half

100
Q

hyper

A

over, too much

101
Q

hypo

A

under, not enough

102
Q

oligo

A

few

103
Q

con

A

with together

104
Q

dys

A

bad

105
Q

eu

A

good

106
Q

sym and syn

A

together

107
Q

The combining vowel is added to

A

more easily combine the root with other word parts.

108
Q

The combining form is

A

the root + the combining vowel.

109
Q

study of the heart: cardiology

A

root: cardi
combining vowel: o
suffix: logy

110
Q

Combining vowels are used to

A

Join a root to any suffix beginning with a consonant.

Join two roots together.

Joint two roots together even when the second root begins with a vowel.

111
Q

peri/card/ium

A

suffix: -ium means tissue

prefix: peri- means around

root: card means heart

Medical Terminology I (1 decks)

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