Midterm Review Flashcards
Official Crime statistics in the US is _____ and it is operated by _______.
UCR; DOJ or FBI
List a few crime statistic methods:
Self-report; UCR; Victim Surveys
Arson is a part _____ Index Offense.
One
____________ policing is an approach that measures the risk of criminal behavior associated with certain individuals or locations to predict when and where such criminal behavior is most likely to occur again.
Intelligence-led
What are the four basic responsibilities of the police?
Enforcing Laws
Providing Services
Preventing Crime
Preserving the Peace
_____ law is a “judge-made” law.
Case
Court decisions that provide guidance in interpreting the law is called _______
precedents
The burden of proof to win a civil trial is:
Preponderance of evidence
Criminal Punishment for one year or longer is a :
felony
______ means that the guilty act and the guilty intent occur together.
Concurrence
The guilty act in a criminal offense is referred to as _____.
Acteus Reus
True or False? The rules, orders, and decisions of regulatory agencies make up administrative law.
True
Which of the following is not an excuse defense?
a.) Infancy
b.) Mistake
C.) Insanity
D.) Necessity
D: necessity
Since its inception in 1930, the _________ has attempted to measure the overal rate of crime in the US known to the police.
Uniform Crime Report/ UCR
Which of the following is an example of a public order crime?
a. murder b. robbery c. assault. d. Prostitution
Prostitution
UCR presents crime rate as the amount/number of crimes per ______ people
100,000
UCR part 1 includes eight _______ crimes.
violent
———— is a phrase used to describe the actual amount of crime that takes place but is unknown to the police.
Dark figure of crime
_____ surveys and ______ surveys are examples of measuring crimes.
victim; self-report
What are the three parts of the criminal justice system?
Courts, agencies; correctional institutions
______ means that the government powers are shared by the federal government and the states.
Federalism
Department of Game and Inland Fisheries is an example of ________ law enforcement.
state
_______ is an informal criminal justice process
personal judgement
The US has a ____ court system.
dual
Two Models of defining criminal behavior:
Consensus and Conflict model
True or False - Deviance is always considered criminal in nature.
False -
_____ is an act that violates criminal law and is punished by criminal sanction.
crime
______ are the moral principles that govern a person’s perception of right and wrong.
ethics
_______ model emphasizes the right of society to be protected from crimes and criminals
crime control
______ is the most common sentence in corrections.
probation
What are the six types of crimes?
violent; property
public
white-collar
organized
high-tech
What Insanity test states that one is insane if they cannot distinguish right from wrong?
M’naughten Rule
What test states that the défendent cannot understand the wrongness of their conduct?
ALIMPC test
What Test says that an irresistible impulse drove them to the crime?
Irresistible impulse
What is Infancy?
The offender is too young to understand the consequences.
What is Insanity?
They are unable to control themselves; cannot perceive consuqences; and cannot understand why what they did was wrong.
What is Intoxication?
claim that intoxicants left them unable to form intent of a criminal act
Mistake
They thought it was legal
What is constitutional law?
the law as expressed by the us constitution
what is statutory law?
laws and ordinances created by legislature.
what is administrative law?
the rules, orders and decisions of federal of state government admin agencies
What is case law?
judge interpretation of the law
Political Era
Corruption led by politicians
Reform era
no focus on public relations; minorités hired; professionalism was key.
community era
focus on helping community
