Midterm Review Flashcards
(43 cards)
Ideals of democracy outlined in the Declaration of Independence
Limited government, natural rights, popular sovereignty, republicanism, and the social contract can all be found in our Declaration.
Weaknesses/limitations of the government under the Articles of Confederation
Congress commanded little respect and no support from state governments anxious to maintain their power. They could not tax the citizens and they couldn’t form an army without the state’s approval, leaving them with nothing to build a better and stable country.
1st Amendment In the Bill of Rights
Freedom of religion, speech, press, petition, assembly
2nd Amendment In the Bill of Rights
Right to keep and bear arms
3rd Amendment In the Bill of Rights
Can’t be required to quarter soldiers in homes
4th Amendment In the Bill of Rights
Protects against unreasonable searches or seizures
5th Amendment In the Bill of Rights
Right to due process, no double jeopardy, can’t testify against oneself
6th Amendment In the Bill of Rights
Right to a speedy and public trial
7th Amendment In the Bill of Rights
Right to a trial by jury in civil cases
8th Amendment In the Bill of Rights
No cruel and unusual punishment
9th Amendment In the Bill of Rights
Reserves power to the people
10th Amendment In the Bill of Rights
Reserves power to the states
What are the federalist papers and who wrote them
- A series of 85 essays was published between 1787 and 1788 that lay out the theory behind the constitution.
- Made by Alexander Hamiliton, James Madison, and John Jay.
- Popular documents are Federalist No. 51 & 10.
Federalist No. 10
An essay that was written by James Madison argues the dangers of factions and that it can be solved with a large republic and republican government. (Federalist papers)
Brutus 1
An essay that argues that the country was too large to be governed as a republic and that the constitution gave too much power to the national government. (Anti-Federalist papers)
Limitations of the Articles of Confederation
- The national government could not regulate international or interstate trade.
- The national government could not tax citizens directly, only request money from the states.
- The national government could not raise an army, only request that the states send soldiers.
- Passing laws required the approval of nine states, and amending the Articles required the approval of all thirteen states.
- Each state only had one vote in Congress, regardless of its population.
Shays’ Rebellion
- A popular uprising against the government of Massachusetts
- Roots were economic and political
- Fueled ammunition for those wanting to replace the structure of government
- State governments raised taxes and demanded hard money from their citizens to pay their own sizable debts
Virginia Plan
Called for 3 branches of government with a two-house legislature based on population
New Jersey Plan
Called for a one-house legislature based on equal representation
Great (Connecticut) Compromise
Called for a two-house legislature – Senate based on equal representation (2 for each state) & House of Representatives based on population
Three-fifths compromise
After the great compromise, the southern states wanted to count slaves as three-fifths
of a person so that way they can gain more representation for a bigger populous.
Number of representatives each state has in the House of Representatives
The number of representatives in the house of representatives is by population
Who determines the number of representatives each state has in the House of Representatives
The senate decides this number of representatives.
Number of representatives each state has in the Senate
Two senates in each state
