Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CS 330 > Midterm Red Terminology > Flashcards

Midterm Red Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Processor

A

Central Processing Unit (CPU) Where symbols, characters & Numbers are manipulated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Main Memory

A

where data and instructions are stored temporarily for quick access during processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Secondary Storage

A

Stores data and programs even when computer is off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Input Devices

A

devices that send instructions to PC - Mouse, KB, touchpad, mic, camera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Output Devices

A

converts info from computer to something humans understand
e.g.: Monitor, printer, speaker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Communication Devices

A

provides connections between PC and communication networks
e.g. ethernet, wifi, bluetooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

bit

A

either 0 or 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

byte

A

string of 8 bits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

word size

A

how many bits a processor can manipulate in parallel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

backwards compatibility

A

when new software / hardware is designed to be compatible with old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Program Counter

A

holds address of current instruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Instruction Register

A

Holds current instruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Arithmetic Logic Unit

A

performs arithmetic and logic (add, sub, mult, div, and, or, not)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Registers

A

small amount of temporary and fast storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Control Unit

A

reads from instruction register and controls processor to execute function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cache

A

stores recently used data and instructions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Components of Main Memory

A

Registers
Cache
RAM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a platter

A

set of disks stacked on top of each other with smooth magnetic coating on both sides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is RPM

A

rotations per minute, how fast disk in HDD is spinning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does an actuator arm do

A

moves across HDD disk to position read / write heads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the types of machines

A

client / server

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a client machine

A

requests and uses services provided by servers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is a server machine

A

runs applications and provides it to others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Cloud Computing

A

share pool of resources:
software, resources, storage
E.G. gmail, google docs, icloud, one drive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Transistor

A

buildingblock to create computer chips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Moored Law

A

of transistors that fit on a chip doubles every 18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Law of Mass Digital Storage

A

Amount of digital informations is doubling every year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

ASCII

A

character standard for english

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

UNicode

A

character standard for most languages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

OS

A

operating system
manages software and hardware resources of computer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

RAID

A

Redundant array of independent disk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Disk Striping

A

split data and evenly distributed x times among disks
x times faster
x times more likely to fail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Disk Mirroring

A

copy data onto multiple disks in case of failure
decreased capacity
increased reliability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Parity

A

Add a 0 or 1 at end of bits so that sequence has even # of bits
If sequence has odd number, we know its corrupted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Online Backup

A

instant real time backup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Offline Backup

A

done at intervals (usually end of day) and stored in another location
backup to cloud or tape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Network

A

group of computers linked together to share resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Hub

A

data received but hub is sent to connected devices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Bridge

A

One input and output, determines wether to send information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Switch

A

bridge but with many outputs, decides which output to send on

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Router

A

links networks together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Firewall

A

hardware / software that prevents outsiders from accessing network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

NIC

A

Network Interfacing Card
ethernet, wifi, bluetooth, nfc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Static website

A

site does not change unless it is edited

45
Q

Dynamic Website

A

site changes based off user activity / queries.

46
Q

Trade-offs between processors

A

Efficiency - designed to run a long time with small battery, do not need fan, minimize, transistors (phones / portable devices)

Speed - may need a fan, uses a lot of power, complex w/ possibly lots of transistors (desktops, servers, e.t.c)

47
Q

Cache details

A

the lowest level of cache has the smallest storage and is the fastest to access.

As you go higher it has more storage but is a little slower

The most commonly used instructions are stored in the lowest levels first

48
Q

Multi-core processors

A

Executes multiple instructions at the same time as each core acts like its own processor

49
Q

Storage Devices

A

Static RAM
Dynamic RAM
SSD
HD
USB / SD /Micro SD
DVD / Blu-ray

50
Q

SRAM

A

faster than DRAM, used for registers

51
Q

SSD vs HDD

A

SSD pros - 10x faster, lasts longer, physically lasts longer

SSD cons - more expensive, data can fade, wears out with a lot of writes

52
Q

Mainframe

A

expensive centralized system. One mainframe that is accessed by terminals

53
Q

Minicomputer

A

similar to mainframe but smaller

54
Q

Personal Computer

A

used by individual to run simple programs

55
Q

Enterprise computing

A

links computers networks and applications throughout firm

56
Q

P2P

A

every machine in network consumes and provides services at the same time

57
Q

Metcalfes Law

A

value of a network grows exponentially with the # of members

58
Q

DBMS

A

organizes and stores company data

59
Q

ISP

A

internet service provider

60
Q

Mobile Digital Platform

A

increasing use of mobile devices accessing internet

61
Q

BYOD / Consumerization of IT

A

technology meant for consumer moves into business world

62
Q

Grid Computing

A

pool computers to work together to get higher computation power

63
Q

Virtualization

A

creation of a virtual software to simulate hardware, OS, storage, network

64
Q

Load Balancing

A

evenly distribute workload among many servers

65
Q

Cloud Computing

A

leasing / accessing services from another company

SaaS

66
Q

On Demand Computing

A

off load peak demand externally (form of cloud computing)

67
Q

Green Computing

A

design of computers that minimizes impact on environment

68
Q

Sanitize

A

make sure devices are completely wiped before disposal

69
Q

Autonomic Computing

A

develop systems that are capable of self-management

P2P systems
SMART - Self Monitoring, Analysis & Reporting Technology

70
Q

Nanotechnology

A

using nano structures to build devices

1 transistor = 14 nanometers wide

71
Q

Quantum Computing

A

represent data as 2^n states per qu-bit

72
Q

Open Source Software

A

Pros:
lower cost, less bugs as everyone can inspect code, flexibility,
transparancy

Cons:
harder to use
compatibility issues
lack of support

73
Q

HTML -> HTML5

A

HypertextMarkupLunguage: display info on the web

HTML5 now supports audio & video

74
Q

Web services

A

software components that exchange information with each other using web comms

75
Q

service oriented architecture

A

use of web services to integrate among different apps and platforms

76
Q

Software Outsourcing

A

purchasing / renting customized software package instead of developing own - e.g. SAP

77
Q

SaaS

A

software as a service, purchasing and using cloud softwares

78
Q

Scalability

A

firms need the ability to expand

79
Q

Total Cost-of Ownership

A

Capital expenditure + Operational Expenditure

80
Q

Capital Expenditure

A

fixed one time cost to acquire system

81
Q

Operational Expenditure

A

ongoing expenses for running software

82
Q

Direct IT Costs

A

obvious and direct costs related to IT
(hardware, software, paper, internet costs)

83
Q

Indirect IT Costs

A

costs due to lost productivity
(downtime, poorly trained users, etc)

84
Q

Unmanaged infrastructure

A

users can install any application and change settings

85
Q

Locked & Well Managed

A

users cannot install software or change specific settings

86
Q

Flat File

A

storing data in simple files / relational database

87
Q

Pros & Cons of Flat Files

A

pros:
simple,easy to understand, easy to search through, good for one person and small data

cons:
lack of security, only one person can access at a time

88
Q

Database Management System

A

set up storage structures
update data
process queries

89
Q

Relational Database

A

model data as objects

90
Q

Physical Schema

A

how data is physically stored

91
Q

Conceptual Schema

A

global view of entire DB

92
Q

External Schema

A

how data is displayed to a particular user
specific views of data

93
Q

Hierarchal Database

A

tree based, based off parent child relationships

94
Q

Network Database

A

ER diagram can be a network, entities can have multiple parents

95
Q

Object Oriented Database

A

stores type of data and procedures that manipulate data - to store multimedia

Supports inheritance and polymorphism

96
Q

computer network

A

2+ PCs connected to share resources

97
Q

extranet

A

private network that small subset of users can access

98
Q

Circuit switching

A

line is held by circuit until end of communication by both source and desination

99
Q

Packet Switching

A

data is broken down into packets, sent to destination, then reassembled

network is only used when sending info

100
Q

Dijkstra’s algorithm

A

determines shortest path from source to destination

101
Q

Node Topology

A

how are nodes connected to eachother

102
Q

geographic scale

A

how big is the network

103
Q

NFC

A

near field communication - very close (4cm) e.g. tap pay

104
Q

PAN

A

personal area network
bluetooth, 10m

105
Q

LAN

A

local area network
within building or floor, ethernet, wifi in house

106
Q

WAN

A

wide are network,
usually internet, or network spanning countries (banks, military)

107
Q

Internet Protocol Suite

A

standard for networks

108
Q

Application Layer

A

defines protocols for apps to exchange data

109
Q

Transport Layer

A

CS 330 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions