Midterm Quizlet (memorize terms) Flashcards
GIS maps were used in the design process for the resort island of Bimini to…?
Determine where the buildable lands were
A landscape architect studies plants to emphasize
Line, form texture and color, Their subtle qualities that affect their design characteristics
In constructing the island resort of Bimini in the Bahamas, the sand dunes on the beach we
Carefully preserved
The spatial perception of land forms is affected by
Floor area, Slope, Silhouette of upper edge (ridge)
(T/F) The water cycle teches us that it is advantageous to speed up the flow of drainage water
TRUE
During the 1700s English designers of the landscape were influenced by
Landscape painting, Scenes of pastoral landscapes, Literary discussion of landscape principles and ideas, The economics of maintenance
Van Cox noted that the professional landscape architect is always in the position of
The agent for the principal (client)
Why was adapting the Italian renaissance garden to England and France so difficult
The climate and topography of each nation was different
Japanese and English gardens are similar
In no way (none of the above)
Included amount the influences of the time that promoted the development of central park in New York were
Slum conditions in New York City , Olmsted’s visit to Birkenhead park in Liverpool, England, William Cullen Bryant’s idea for a central park
(True-False) The land forms in a long valley typically direct views toward a distant focal
True
Nature in Japanese gardens
I stylized, Miniaturized, Is often “borrowed”;scenery from the outside garden boundaries
(True-False) According to Dr. Robert Reich, there is no difference between a “need” and a “desire”
False
Land forms can
Enclosed space, hide views, be used for display, be used to surprise us and create more interest
During the implantation process barriers are necessary around trees in order to
Protect the trees from damage,
Protect the soil around the trees from compaction,
Keep construction equipment off of the soil surrounding the trees
Vaux le vicomte was
Designed by Le Brun
Designed by Le Vau
Designed by Andre Le Notre
Typical characteristics of medieval designs
Walled cloisters
The plan for a landscape development
Describes what is on the site that has to be kept, demolished or built
Describes what is under the surface of the site
Established vertical locations and horizontal locations for all elements
The plan for central park feature separation of circulation in which
Cross-town traffic is on sunken roads, Horse trails are separated from other types of pathways,
Foot paths are separated from carriage roads and other traffic
The ecological factors that influenced Islamic gardens was
Aridity,
Heat,
Oasis- high contrast to the surrounding desert
(True-False) In order to provide for spectacular views over the blue waters of the Bimini coastline, beach houses were planned for the areas on the ocean side of the sand dunes
False
T/F soil is created by an interaction btwn geology and climate?
True
T/F the main products of the professional landscape architect are his/her ideas
False
Changes in the landscape can be
catastrophic, gradual, or day-by-day
The planning for he island resort of Bimini in the Bahamas
the natural characteristics of the narrow island ridge that brought visitors into close contact with the water
T/F With nature’s water cycle as a model, birkenhead park was designed so that drainage water could quickly be removed from the park
True
The middle ages are characterized by designs featuring
inward introspective planning
T/F Landscape architecture is a craft that emphasizes functional issues and skills rather than art
False
the team approach to planning and design
includes collaboration among different professions as well as specialists within the same profession
T/F Legally, a contract requires that the design professional must provide only those services that are within the scope of the contract
True
Fredrick Law Olmstead is known as
the founder of the profession of landscape architecture, one of the designers of central park in NYC, a writer about social conditions in the south during the time of slavery
The earth’s thin layer of soil makes
vegetation possible, possible for animals to feed on vegetation, food for carnivores in the food chain
T/F For the implementation process the landscape architect has to consider the space required for construction equipment and formwork as well as the dimensions of the actual part of the landscape that is to be constructed
True
(True-False) Deciduous trees can be placed near a house to reduce the cost of utilities during both winter and summer
True
Olmsted’s work on the Biltmore estate included
The planning for the development of agriculture, the biltmore forest and dairy
When thinking of plants in terms of space, the concepts that might be considered include
Opening and closing (widening and narrowing) of space,
Concealing and revealing,
The enclosure and shaping of space
In his design for the art gallery in Washington DC, I.M. Pei
Expressed the essence of the composition in the use of
the triangle,
Repeated the design of the existing art gallery on the opposite side of the plaza
True-False) Surveying is necessary for the location of horizontal placement of elements in the landscape rather than the vertical placement
False
a typical Islamic garden features:
The four rivers of paradise,
Herb gardens,
Gilded statues,
Clipped trees
France during the 1600s began to construct gardens
That were inspired by Italian renaissance gardens
The reason that every landscape design has to be different is:
Each parcel of land is different
A very important design consideration particularly important in landscape architecture is
Time
The Greeks organized buildings
Not formally or rectangularly, but with free grouping, suggested by the site
Art can be defined as
An idea given form by the mind of man
Wild nature that gives inspiration to landscape architects
In Italian renaissance gardens:
plants were mainly variations in green
(True-False) As explained by Van Cox, landscape architects can only be held liable for what they and not their consultants design on a project
False
The landscape architect has to take into consideration that on most sites
There are existing natural and man made features,
Some things have to be removed during the implementation process,
Some things have to be protected and saved
(True-False) A landscape architect thinks like an architect when designing with plants. The plants are used to make floors, walls and ceilings
False
(True-False) An example of a catastrophic change in the landscape is glaciations
False
Later in his carrer Repton proposed….
a more picturesque approach to design
Landscape architecture has as its environmental heritage persons who thought that man should be steward of the earth and the living things upon it
Thoreau, Emerson
To enhance wildlife habitats, it is best to
Provide corridors for wildlife to travel from one area to another,
Provide solid rather than fragmented wildlife habitats,
Maintain or reinforce connectivity,
Allow corridors to pass through agricultural land
(True-False) Climate plays a strong part in shaping the landscape. Forests indicate areas of high rainfall and grasslands indicate low rainfall
False
The Italian villa is characterized by:
Terraced gardens with flowing water between the levels,
Outwardly expanding views,
Outdoor spaces organized along sight lines
(True-False) If confronted with the problem of a narrow strip of ground, the landscape architect might tilt it towards the viewer to make the green space appear wider
True
(True-False) Wild nature can be a source of inspiration for landscape architects: it too is art
False
The major garden spaces of Versailles are shaped by
Buildings and Trees
In order to solve problems of land use, it is necessary to study
Zoning and legal restrictions,
Vegetation,
Slopes and hydrology
Which of the following is a component of geography
Physical- soil, rocks, land forms, etc,
Cultural- how people use the earth,
Economic- how people make their living,
Descriptive/measurement- maps, etc
During the implementation process, barriers are necessary around trees in order to…
Protect trees from damage,
protect the soil around trees from compactions,
keep construction equipment off of the soil surrounding the trees
The landscape architect has to take into consideration that on most sites
There are existing natural and manmade features, some things have to be removed during the implementation process, and some things have to be protected and saved
T/F Surveying is necessary for the location of horizontal placement of elements in the landscape rather than the vertical placement.
False
T/F For the implementation process, the landscape architect has to consider the space required for construction equipment and form work, as well as the dimensions of the actual part of the landscape that, is to construct.
True
A landscape architect studies plants to emphasize
Line, texture, form, and color
When thinking of plants in terms of space, the concepts that may be considered include:
Opening and closing (widening and narrowing) of a space, concealing and revealing, the enclosure and shaping of space.
Art can be designed as
An idea given form by the mind of man
Wild nature that gives inspiration to landscape architects
T/F wild nature can be a source of inspiration to landscape architects: it is too art
False
Landscape architecture is a craft that emphasizes functional issues and skills rather than art
False
GIS maps were used in the design process for the resort island in Bimini to:
Determine where buildable lands were
In constructing the island resort of Bimini in the Bahamas, the sand dunes on the beach were
Carefully preserved
T/F In order to provide for spectacular views over the blue waters of the Bimini Coastline, beach houses were planned for the areas on the ocean side of the sand dunes.
False
T/F A landscape architect thinks like an architect when designing with plants. The plants are used to make floors, walls, and ceilings.
False
T/F Climate plays a strong part in shaping the landscape. Forests indicate areas of high rainfall and grass lands indicate low rainfall
False
Vaux Le Viconte was designed by….
Andre Le Notra, Le Brun, LeVau
During the 1700s, English designers of the landscape were influenced by
Landscape painting, scenes of pastoral landscapes, literary discussion of the landscape principles and ideas, the economics of maintenance
The Greeks organized buildings
Not formally or rectangularly, but with free grouping, suggested by the site
The major garden spaces of Versailles are shaped by
Buildings and trees
Why was adapting the Italian Renaissance garden to England and France so Difficult?
The climate and topography of each nation was different
Japanese and English gardens are similar
None of the above
Nature in Japanese gardens….
Is stylized, miniaturized, is often “bonowed” ; scenery from outside the garden boundaries
The Italian Villa is characterized by….
Terraced gardens with flowing water between the levels, outwardly expanding views, outdoor spaces organized along sight lines
The plan for a landscape development:
Describes what is on the site that has to be kept, demolished or built
Describes what is under the surface of the site
Established vertical locations and horizontal locations for all elements
T/F The land forms in a long valley typically direct views toward a distant focal
True
T/F If confronted with the problem of a narrow strip of ground, the landscape architect might tilt it towards the viewers to make the gree space appear wide
True
T/F The main products of the professional landscape architect are his/her ideas
False
T/F As explained by Van Cox, Landscape architects can only be held loiable for what they and not their consultants design on a project
False
Van Cox noted that the professional landscape architect is always the position of:
The agent for the principal (client)
T/F Legally, a contract requires that the design professional must provide only those services that are within the scope of the contract
True
The team approach to planning and design includes:
collaboration among different professions as well as specialists within the same profession
T/F Deciduous trees can be placed near a house to reduce the cost of utilities during both winter and summer
True
T/F The “water cycle” teaches us that it is advantageous to speed up the flow of drainage water
True
Included among the influences of the time that promoted the development of Central Park in New York was (were):
Slum conditions in NYC, Olmsted’s visit to Birkenhead park in Liverpool, England, William Cullen Bryant’s idea for a central park
The plan for central park features separation of circulation in which:
Crosstown traffic is on sunken roads, horse trails are separated from other types of pathways, foot paths are separated from carriage and rodeo and other traffic
T/F According to Dr. Robert Reich, there is no difference between a need and a desire.
False
Frederick Law Olmsted is prior known because of…
black students
The goal of the landscape architect and the doctor of medicine is to make people function better:
A doctor operates directly on the patient and a landscape architect operates indirectly on the patient
T/F According to “Doc”, the landscape architect most allow for exibility in the design of a private residential landscape to accommodate hanging needs but a public park landscape does not have this requirement
False
T/F Parks generally are needed most on the “wrong side of the tracks” rather than in the better parts of town.
True
T/F Natural light conditions are a strong influence on all planting designs
True
The purpose of regional planning and analysis is:
To ensure the quality of the landscape and environment, to locate various uses of the land in the best locations possible, to reduce visual impacts, to provide for regionalism in design; functionalism as well as aesthetic appearance
In order to find the best location for each type of land use, the regional planner/landscape architect may analyze
Slopes, soil types, vegetation
T/F Red in an aerial photo or satellite image indicates vegetation
True
Geographic information systems allow the Landscape Architect to coordinate all the information and to make a composite map indicating how to best use the land
Time
The people of Amoterdam wanted a forested park, but initially could not have one because of
Drainage
Technological structures of various sorts:
Can often incorporate multiple uses within the Landscape
As illustrated by Dutch drainage canals, Louisiana might improve its drainage canals by
Improved grading of slopes, constructing retention edge at the water level, enhancing their aesthetic potential rather than ignoring or hiding them
T/F Technology generally is not organic and therefore has no rightful place or role to play in the planning design of the landscape.
False
The architect I.M. Pei speaks of the importance of the following when creating a great work in design
Relevance of an idea, the proper fit of architecture to the site, the role of risk taking in the design process, the “essence” of the design must be sought by the designer
