Midterm Questions Flashcards
What is psychology?
study of behavior and mental processes
What are the 6 major psychological camps?
psychodynamic, behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, physiological, sociocultural
Why Research?
to understand, predict, control
What makes psych a science?
it follows systematic methods to study behavior, thoughts, and emotions using empirical research and critical analysis. It meets the key criteria of scientific disciplines, such as objectivity, measurement, and replication
What are the steps to the scientific method?
developing a research question, forming a hypothesis, gathering evidence, drawing conclusions
What is the Non Lineal Lineal Taxonomy?
Attend brings senses into proximity of stimuli, sense input and code stimuli, perceive (create a mental model), comprehend, project (time and space) (imagine MM and LTM), decide, and act
What is the difference between Basic and applied Research?
Applied focuses on a specific problem/solution and basic simply adds to the body of knowledge
What is Systems Theory?
input, process, output
What are the different research methods?
experimental, correlational, observational, survey, case study, longitudinal, cross-sectional, meta analysis
Different observational methods?
naturalistic, controlled, participant, non participant, un/structured, covert vs overt
Different experimental methods?
Random assignment, participants (IV and DV) and measure the dependent variable, laboratory, field, natural, quasi, true
What is Validity (USA?)
Usable, suitable, acceptable. Internal, external, ecological
What are features of good scientific theories?
accuracy, consistency, scope, simplicity, fruitfulness
Why do we need ethical research/considerations?
ensure the integrity, validity, and social responsibility of scientific inquiry. protect participants’ rights, promote fairness, and maintain public trust in scientific findings
What is correlation vs causation?
Causation means that a change in one variable directly causes a change in another variable. Establishing causation requires controlled experiments, not just observational data.
How can you test for correlation vs causation?
correlational is nonexperimental and shows association between two variables. it is measured in decimals
What is noise?
Noise refers to any unwanted or irrelevant disturbances that interfere with the accuracy, clarity, or interpretation of information.
What is statistical analysis?
validates the hypothesis (or not), shows the strength of the association, compares findings to the norm, and enhances credibility
What are some concerns in research methods?
Inaccurate responding, peer pressure, bias in questioning
Human Information Processing
attend, sense, perceive, comprehend, project, decide, act
descriptive research methods
case study, survey, naturalistic observation, longitudinal studies
