Midterm One

Question 1

What is History

Answer 1

The study of the past and the production of knowledge about the past

Relies on periodization

Can be published in a number of ways

Question 2

Historical Periodization

Answer 2

The process or study of categorizing the past into discrete quantified named blocks of time in order to facilitate the study and analysis of history

Helps determine how historians approach topics in their fields, and makes continuity/change easier

Issues of being too eurocentric and teleological

Question 3

Primary Sources

Answer 3

Sources produced at the time being studied

Question 4

Proto-Contact

Answer 4

The period of time when First Nations culture began to change as a result of European influence

Question 5

Vikings

Answer 5

The beginning of contact history

L’anse aux meadows (first settlement)

Had mixed relations with local peoples

Question 6

The Middle Ground

Answer 6

A novel that dives into accommodations involving cultural change and exchange between groups in the Great Lakes Region

Question 7

Intercultural Contact

Answer 7

European trade was worked into pre-existing trade networks

Pre-existing conflicts were woven into new alliances

Question 8

The Columbian Exchange

Answer 8

The exchange of plants, animals, and microbes between Europe and North America

Americas got: plantation crops, horses, honeybee, livestock, disease

Europe got: Squash, beans, corn, potatoes, tomatoes, turkey, other crops

Question 9

Virgin Soil Epidemics

Answer 9

Epidemics in which the populations at risk have had no previous contact with the diseases that strike them and are therefore immunologically almost defenceless

Question 10

Potatoes

Answer 10

Contributed to European population boom and allowed for healthier armies

Long recovery from black death

Question 11

Ecological Imperialism

Answer 11

The role of plants and microbes in facilitating European imperialism

Question 12

Epidemic Disease

Answer 12

Many indigenous groups decimated by minor contact with Europeans

Epidemic disease advanced European imperialism in North America

Europeans were affected as well

Question 13

Dandelions

Answer 13

An example of something that was transported to the Americas and took root

Question 14

Ethnogenesis

Answer 14

The formation and development of an ethnic group

Question 15

Feast of the Dead

Answer 15

An event held by the Huron whenever a large village shifted location

Bodies of those who had not died violent deaths were removed and buried somewhere else

Question 16

Cartography

Answer 16

The study and practice of making maps

Question 17

Virginia

Answer 17

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Question 18

Royal Administration

Answer 18

Initially colonies under monopoly control

The overarching control over the colonies by the royalty in Europe later on

Responsible for filles du roi

Question 19

Filles du Roi

Answer 19

Unmarried women sponsored by the king to immigrate to New France to increase populations with children

Question 20

Seigneurial System

Answer 20

A form of land distribution in New France, with a ‘seigneur’ who required tenants and was responsible for the land

Question 21

Resource Extraction

Answer 21

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Question 22

Mercantilism

Answer 22

A protectionist policy designed to maximize the exports and minimize the imports of a nation - often accompanied by monopolies

Question 23

Puritans

Answer 23

English protestants who sought to purify the Church of England of Roman Catholic practices, maintaining that the Church of England had not been fully reformed and needed to become more protestant

Question 24

Quakers

Answer 24

Traveled to the New World

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Question 25

Pristine Myth

Answer 25

The myth that Indigenous Peoples had very little impact on their environment, a low population, and stuck to themselves.

Question 26

Theodor Du Bry

Answer 26

Famed for his depictions of the New World and its inhabitants

Partly responsible for getting people to immigrate

Question 27

Fox Wars

Answer 27

Wars between the French (and its allies) and the Fox for control over the river system to continue the fur trade

Question 28

Horses

Answer 28

First introduced in Mexico by the Spanish and changed the way Indigenous Peoples hunted bison

Question 29

Jacques Cartier

Answer 29

Commissioned to find a trade route to Asia off the Newfoundland coast, and to find precious things

Question 30

New France

Answer 30

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Question 31

Acadia

Answer 31

Settled the area around 1600. Difficult beginnings due to relations with English to the South

Question 32

How did the Columbian Exchange change North America and Europe? Use examples from course readings and lectures in your answer.

Answer 32

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Question 33

America Before Columbus Film

Answer 33

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Question 34

New France

Answer 34

Champlain established post at Quebec in 1608

Made allies with some local groups and was drawn into battle against their enemy

Question 35

Récollets

Answer 35

Tried to christianize Algonquins, but evicted from the colony soon after

Question 36

Jesuits

Answer 36

Succeeded where the récollets failed

Not trying to change socioeconomic culture of Indigenous peoples

Accepted by Wendat for military aid and to forge a closer alliance

The issue of intermarriage