Midterm - New Testament Flashcards
sadducees
party of the high priest, aristocratic families and merchants (wealthier people of the population)
pharisees
a member of the jews. believed in resurrection and follow legal traditions
essenes
scholars believed that Jesus was influenced by them. Essenes were apart of the jewish sect or school of philosophy. their name means “the healers”.
zealots
political movement in 1st century which was supposed to influence those of Judea Providence to rebel against the roman empire and expel it from the holy land. (66-70). more of a militant messiah.
Alexander the Great
mentioned in the first book of Maccabee however the name never appears in the bible. mentioned in Acts. conquered Persian Empire. spread greek culture across middle east
Antiochus IV
king who hates judaism, caused Maccabean revolt
Rudolph Bultmann
believed little of the gospel material went back to jesus, popular for coining the word demthologize/demyth the scriptures
gospel
message concerning christ, the kingdom of god, and salvation
judas maccabees
jewish general who led the revolt against Antiochus IV
Herod Antipas
second son of king Herod, order the death of John the Baptist
Mishnah
commentary of the Torah
Mattathias
the elderly jewish priest whose action launched a revolt against Antiochus IV or Epiphanes
Torah
first five books of the Hebrew bible/law
Septuagint (LXX)
greek translation of the Hebrew Old Testament
Targum
refers to translation or explanation
Papyrus
a material prepared in ancient Egypt from the pithy stem of a water plant, used in sheets throughout the ancient Mediterranean world for writing or painting on and also for making rope, sandals, and boats
Map
a diagrammatic representation of an area of land or sea showing physical features, cities, roads, etc.
Hanukkah
(judaism) an eight day Jewish holiday commemorating the rededication if the temple of Jerusalem in 165 BC
Kerygma
term that means preaching but focuses on the content of the preaching/preaching in acts, Jesus’ teaching - kingdom of God.
Kethubim
section of the writings of the Old Testament, means “writings” in Hebrew
Nebim
Hebrew, “prophets”
Kingdom of God
goal of god’s plan of salvation
two document hypothesis
the theory that the Gospel of Mark and the “Q” source served as two sources for the Gospels of Mathew and Luke
Albert Schweitzer
was a german and later french theologian, musician, philosopher, physician and medical missionary in Africa best known for his interpretive life of Jesus, got noble peace prize in 1952. Reimagined what a first century jewish Galilean would be like.
Pax Romana
200 year period of peace in Rome
Amanuensis
secretary; one who copies something
source criticism
the analysis and study of the sources used by biblical authors
form criticism
analysis of the bible by tracing the history of its content of parables, psalms and other literary forms
pentecost
50 days after Easter when the Holy Spirit came to the Apostles
Passover
the night the lord passed over the house of israelites marked by the blood of the lamb and spared the firstborn ons from death. it also is the feast that celebrates the deliverance of the chosen people from bondage in Egypt and he Exodus from Egypt to the promised land
phoebe
notable woman in the church. she was trusted by paul to deliver his letter to the romans.
eschatology
study of the end of times
Joel
the day of the lord
Jerusalem Council
Acts chapter 15, discusses how jewish you have to be christian
theophilus
the name given to the audience of the gospel of luke and the acts of the apostles; it means “lover of God” or “god fearer”
joppa
where peter raised tabitha from the dead
tarsus
the city where according to the acts of the apostles saul of Tarsus was born but he was brought up in Jerusalem
Gamaliel
greatest of the jewish scholars in the first century; taught st. paul the old testament
tertius
acted as an amanuensis for paul the apostle writing down his epistle to the romans
sophists
greek teachers of philosophy, reasoning and public speaking
prison epistles
he letters of ephesians, phillippians, colossians and phileman were written from prison and yet deal with some of the most liberating concepts imaginable
pastoral epistles
new testament letters that Paul allegedly wrote to two pastors, Timothy (1 and 2 Timothy) and Titus, concerning their pastoral duties
antioch
the first community that included both jewish and gentile followers of Jesus was established in this city
glossolalia
greek word for “speaking in tongues”
didache
a greek word that means “teaching”
apollos
a gifted jew initially acquaintd only with the baptisim of John; taught the way of god more accurately by Priscilla and Aquila in Ephesus; later a co-worker of Paul
priscilla
the wife of Aquila, was converted by paul and became a missionary
agabus
a prophet who foretells paul’s arrest in Jerusalem
Claudius
Roman Emperer
Vespasian
emperor of rome and founder of the flavian dynasty who consolidated roman rule in germany and britian and reformed the army and brought prosperity to the empire
nero
first roman emperor to persecute christians
malta
a place of refuge
ananias
the man chosen by god to baptize saul and bring him to church
lydia
a devout woman from phillipi who offered hospitality to paul and his companions
