Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Honors Government > Midterm (MrT) > Flashcards

Midterm (MrT) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Government Basics flashcards AP® U.S. Government flashcards American Government 101 flashcards
1
Q

Rulers are seen as right and proper by important segments of a nation’s population. As a result, people voluntarily accept governance.

A

Legitimacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The theory that a monarch rules by the sanction or approval of God

A

Divine Right of Kings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A theory of society in which government is a contract between a government and the governed to provide protection and support for the people under this theory a government is legitimate only as long as the people voluntarily agree to hand over their power to the state

A

Social Contract Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A form of government in which political power is exercised by a single ruler such as a king or queen who exercises absolute authority under the claim of divine or hereditary right

A

Monarchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A system of rule in which one person, a dictator, or a small group of people can hold unlimited power over government, which is usually controlled by force.

A

Dictatorship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Rule by a few small groups of people, usually members of the military or the economic elite

A

Oligarchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A form of government in which citizens met regularly in a popular assembly to discuss issues of the day, pass laws, and vote for leaders

A

Direct Democracy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

An indirect form of democracy in which people elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf

A

Republic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The ability of people to act and think as they choose, so long as their choices do no harm to the liberty or wellbeing of others

A

Liberty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The principle that all people possess a fundamental, moral worth that entitles them to fair treatment under the law and equal opera unity in all aspects of life political social and economic

A

Equality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The belief that ordinary people could aspire to rule themselves and do so as political equals

A

Self Government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A basic principle of democracy that decisions are made by a majority, by getting more than half of the votes cast

A

Majority Rule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The political rights held by groups that make up less than half the population

A

Minority Rights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A form of democracy that protects the rights of the minority

A

Liberal Democracy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

An economic system in which individuals and businesses are free to engage in economic activity with a minimum of government interface

A

Free Enterprise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A legislative body composed of two chambers.

A

Bicameral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Established that the power of the monarchy was not absolute and guaranteed trial by jury and due process of law to the nobility.

A

Magna Carta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Designed to prevent abuse of power by English monarchs; forms the basis for much in American government and politics today.

A

English Bill of Rights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Were directly controlled by the king through an appointed governor.

A

Royal Colonies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Operated under charters agreed to by the colony and the king.

A

Charter Colonies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Meeting of representatives of nine of the thirteen colonists held in New York City in 1765, during which representative drafted a document to send to the king that listed how their rights have been developed

A

Stamp Act Congress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Meeting held in Philadelphia from September 5th on October 26, 1774, in which 56 delegates (from every colony except Georgia) adopted as resolution in opposition to the Coercive Acts

A

First Continental Congress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Meeting that convened in Philadelphia on May 10, 1775, at which it was decided that a army should be raised and George Washington of Virginia was named commander in chief

A

Second Continental Congress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The compact between the thirteen original colonies that created a loose league of friendship, with the national government drawing its powers from the states.

A

Articles of Confederation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

A rebellion in which an army of 1,500 disgruntled and angry farmers led by Daniel Shays marched to Springfield, Massachusetts, and forcibly retrained the state court form foreclosing mortgages on their farms

A

Shays Rebellion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The delegates to the Constitutional Convention. Known for their efforts in drafting the framework of the new government.

A

Framers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The first general plan for the Constitution offered in Philadelphia. Its key points were a bicameral legislature, as well as an executive and a judiciary chosen by the national legislature

A

Virginia Plan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

A framework for the Constitution proposed by a group of small states. Its key points were a one-house legislature with one vote for each state, a Congress with the ability to raise revenue, and a Supreme Court with members appointed for life

A

New Jersey Plan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

The final decision of the Constitutional Convention to create a two-house legislature, with the lower house elected by the people and with powers divided between the two houses.

A

Great Compromise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Agreement reached at the Constitutional Convention stipulating that each slave was to be counted as three-fifths of a person for purposes of determining population for representation in the US House of Representatives

A

Three-Fifths Compromise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Those who favored a stronger national government and supported the proposed US Constitution; later became the first political party

A

Federalist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Those who favored strong state governments and a weak national government; opposed the ratification of the US Constitution

A

Anti-Federalist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

A series of 85 political essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay in support of ratification of the US Constitution

A

Federalist Papers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

The first ten amendments to the US Constitution, which largely guarantee specific rights and liberties

A

Bill Of Rights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Basic principle of the American system of government which asserts that the people are the source of any and all governmental power, and government can exist only with the consent of the governed

A

Popular Sovereignty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Basic principle of American government which states that government is restricted in what it may do, and each individual has rights that government cannot take away

A

Limited Government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Concept that holds that government and its officers are always subject to the law

A

Rule of Law

38
Q

The powers of the government are divided between three branches: the executive, the legislative, and the judiciary.

A

Separation of Power

39
Q

A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power

A

Checks and Balances

40
Q

The power or right to prohibit or reject a proposed or intended act (especially the power of a chief executive to reject a bill passed by the legislature)

A

Veto

41
Q

The power of the Supreme Court to declare laws and actions of local, state, or national governments unconstitutional

A

Judicial Review

42
Q

Contrary to constitutional provision and so illegal, null and void, of no force and effect.

A

Unconstitutional

43
Q

A form of government in which power is divided between the federal, or national, government and the states

A

Federalism

44
Q

A statement establishing that the Constitution, laws passed by congress and treaties of the United States “shall be the supreme Law of the Land”.

A

Supremacy Clause

45
Q

More than half the votes cast, is a common voting basis. Can be specified using any fraction or percentage which is greater than one half, or 50 percent.

A

Super Majority

46
Q

To cancel (a law)

A

Repeal

47
Q

Pact made by the president directly with foreign head.

A

Executive Agreement

48
Q

Organized group that seeks to win elections in order to influence the activities of government

A

Political Party

49
Q

The leaders of the executive departments who also act as advisors to the president

A

Cabinet

50
Q

The inability to govern effectively due to separation of powers or a conflict between political parties

A

Gridlock

51
Q

Is a group of specially selected voters who actually elect the President and Vice President of the United States. This system was designed to ensure the indirect election of the President. It is the result of a compromise between the election of the President by Congress or election by popular vote.

A

Electoral College

52
Q

Powers granted to the National government that are spelled out in the Constitution

A

Expressed Powers

53
Q

Powers not expressly states in the Constitution but are reasonably suggested by the expressed powers

A

Implied Powers

54
Q

Powers the Constitution is presumed to have delegated to the National Government because it is the government of a sovereign state within the world community

A

Inherent Powers

55
Q

Those powers that the Constitution does not grant to the National Government and does not, at the same time, deny the states

A

Reserved Powers

56
Q

Those powers that both the National government and the states possess and exercise

A

Concurrent Powers

57
Q

Constitution’s requirement that each state accept the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state

A

Full Faith and Credit Clause

58
Q

Both state and national government were equal authorities operating within their own spheres of influence, as defined by a strict reading of the Constitution

A

Dual Federalism

59
Q

The belief that the states had the right to cancel federal laws which they believed contradicted or clashed with state interests

A

Doctrine of Nullification

60
Q

The idea that a state had the right to separate from the Union

A

Doctrine of Succession

61
Q

An era of federalism during which the national and state governments shared functional authority in broad policy areas

A

Cooperative Federalism

62
Q

The period in which the national government channeled federal funds to local governments and citizen groups to address problems that states could or would not address

A

Creative Federalism

63
Q

The modern era in federalism in which authority that rested with the national government is being returned to the states

A

New Federalism

64
Q

Federal funds given to state and local governments for specific projects

A

Grants-in-aid

65
Q

Federal grants that can only be used for a specific purpose, or category, of state and local spending

A

Categorical Grants

66
Q

Federal grants given to state and local governments for broad purposes, such as welfare, community development, public health, or education

A

Block Grants

67
Q

A system of spending, taxing, and providing aid in the federal system

A

Fiscal Federalism

68
Q

The people of a particular geographic area who are represented by a lawmaking body

A

Constituents

69
Q

The distribution of seats in the House of Representatives among the states based on population

A

Apportionment

70
Q

A congressional act or bill that sets aside funds for a specific purposed

A

Appropriation

71
Q

the process of charging officials in the executive and judicial branches with wrongdoing and bringing them to trial

A

impeachment

72
Q

the power of Congress to check up on the executive brach and make sure it is following the laws that Congress passed

A

Oversight

73
Q

another title for the president, who holds the executives power to run government programs and implement laws that are passed by Congress

A

Chief Executive

74
Q

another title for the president, who serves as commander of the nation’s military forces

A

Commander in Chief

75
Q

the president has the job of formulating the nation’s plans and procedures for dealing with other countries

A

Foreign Policy Leader

76
Q

the art of negotiating with foreign governments

A

Diplomacy

77
Q

another title for the president, takes on the role of the symbolic figurehead of the United States

A

Chief of State

78
Q

the process of succeeding, or coming after someone

A

Succession

79
Q

formal, signed statements from the president that instruct or guide executive officials and have the force of law

A

Executive Orders

80
Q

the power that allows a president to refuse to release information to Congress or a Court

A

Executive Privilige

81
Q

the presidential power to formally recognize the legitimacy of a foreign government

A

Diplomatic Recognition

82
Q

a postponement in the carrying out of a prison sentence

A

Reprieve

83
Q

an official act by the president or by a governor forgiving a person convicted of a crime and freeing that person from serving out his or her sentence

A

Pardon

84
Q

a general pardon for offenses committed by a group of offenders

A

Amnesty

85
Q

to reduce a person’s sentence

A

Commute

86
Q

the group of people who work for the executive branch under a specific president

A

Administration

87
Q

the group of advisors and assistants to the president

A

Executive Office of the President

88
Q

the official who manages the everyday operations of the White House Office or who may serve as the primary presidential adviser who controls all access to the president and helps map political strategy

A

Chief of Staff

89
Q

the group of the top military , foreign affairs, and intelligence officials in the president’s administration that focuses on US National Security

A

National Security Council (NSC)

90
Q

the leaders of the executive departments, who also act as advisors to the president

A

The Cabinet

Honors Government (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions