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Functional Rehab > Midterm Material > Flashcards

Midterm Material Flashcards

1
Q

Weak Muscles UCS

“Really? My Love, Share Too Much Info(TMI)
PDLCC

A

Rhomboids, Medial and Lower Trapezius, Serratus Anterior, Teres Minor/Infraspinatus, Posterior Deltoid, Longus Coli and Capitus (Deep Neck Flexors)

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2
Q

UCS Syndrome TIGHT Muscles

PLUSS SLR

A

Pectoralis Major and Minor, Levator Scapulae, Upper Trapezius, Subscapularis, SCM, Latissimus Dorsi, Rectus Capitus, Scalenes

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3
Q

Arthokinematic UCS

A 
C0-C1
Cervico-thoracic
Thoracic - Rib 
AC Joint
SC Joint 
GH Joint
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4
Q

Neuromuscular Dysfunction UCS

Excessive ______ P______
______ Winging
Early Excessive _______ Elevation

A

Excessive Cervical Protraction
Scapular Winging
Early Excessive Scapular Elevation

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5
Q

Pronator Distortion Syndrome WEAK Muscles

“Troys Analogy”

A 
Posterior Tibialis 
Anterior Tibialis 
Vastus Medialis Oblique Fibers 
Biceps Femoris 
Gluteus Medius
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6
Q

Pronator Distortion Syndrome TIGHT Muscles

“Pam HAd TIme 2 Pee”

A 
Peroneals
Medial Hamstring 
Adductors 
TFL/ITB
Psoas
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7
Q

Arthokinetic Dysfunctions Pronator Distortion Syndrome

A

1st MCP
SubTalar Joint
Tibiotalar Joint
SI/IS/PS Joint

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8
Q

NeuroMuscular Dysfunction Pronator Distortion Syndrome
↓ P____ and Control of the F____ and A_____
↓ ______ and ____ Plane control at the Knee

↑ Compensation of the

A

Decreased pronation and control of the foot and ankle

Decreased frontal and transverse plane control at the knee

Increased compensation of the LPHC
(Lumbar Pelvic Hip Complex)

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9
Q

Name 7 muscles prone to tightness and hypertonicity when the Glutes shut off (inhibited) due to PSOAS Tightening

GHAIT QLP

A 
Gastrocnemius/Soleus
Hamstrings
Adductors
ITB/TFL (Iliotibial band / tensor fascia lata)
Thoracolumbar Fascia
Quadratus Lumbordum 
Piriforms
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10
Q

LCS TIGHT Muscles

PARS

A

Psoas
Adductors
Rectus Femoris
Superficial Erector Spinae

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11
Q

LCS WEAK Muscles

“Lamde Sells Geek Books”

A 
Lower Abdominals 
Multifidus 
Deep Erector Spinae 
Gluteus Maximus 
Biceps Femoris
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12
Q

Articular Dysfunction LCS

“SIIP on ST Juice”

Neuromuscular Dysfunction
“ADI”

A 
Sacroiliac joint
Iliosacral joint
Iliofemoral Joint 
Proximal Tib/Fib
Subtalar joint

Altered Hip Extension
Decrease in Frontal Plane Stabilization
Increase in Lumbar Extension

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13
Q
  1. Joint by Joint Theory by Janda ____, _____, _____ are ______ integrated. What two systems work together to as sensorimotor?
  2. The muscular system often reflects the status of which system?
  3. Stable or Mobile Articulations
    SMS MSM SMS (Foot to C-spine w/ excpetion)

Elbow, Wrist, Hand

A
  1. Theory: joints, muscles, and nervous system are
    functionally integrated. Sensory and motor
  2. Sensorimotor
Foot-S
Ankle- M
Knee- S
Hip- M
LumboPelvic- S
Thoracic - M
Scapulothoracic Articulation-  S
GHJ- M
Cervical Spine- S 
- exception of C0, C1, C2 (Mobile)

Elbow, Wrist, Hand
SMS

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14
Q

Steindler, 1955

“A kinetic chain is a combination of several successively arranged joints constituting a complex _______ ______”

A

motor unit

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15
Q

Clark, 2001
“The kinetic chain is made up of the soft tissue system (_______, _______, _______, and fascia), neural system and ______ system, which is composed of ST, nerves and joints”

A

muscle, ligament, tendon and fascia (s/t system)

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16
Q

Each component system within the kinetic chain works interdependently to allow structural and functional efficiency. If any of these systems do not work efficiently, what 2 things occur that lead to

  1. Tissue Overload
  2. Decreased ________
  3. Predictable ______ of ______
A

Compensation and Adaptation

Tissue overload
Decreased performance
Predictable pattern of injury

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17
Q

The spinal stability system has 3 musculoskeletal subsystems, what are they?

A

Passive
Active
Neural/Feedback

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18
Q

Passive musculoskeletal subsystem consists of ____ ___

which has a tranducer and structural function.Explain

A

spinal column

Transducer- mechanorecpetor signals
Structural - spine stiffness

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19
Q

Active musculoskeletal subsystems consists of ______ to move spinal column. This subsystem is primarily responsible for muscle activation and coordination.

A

spinal muscles

20
Q

Neural and feedback subsystem

A

neuromuscular control unit - Communication

21
Q

The three subsystems work together to accomplish basic __________ functions of the spinal system

A

biomechanical

22
Q

Describe the normal function of the Spinal Stabilizing System

A

Intact mechanoreceptors (tranducer function) send signals to NM control unit causing a normal muscle response pattern.

Mechano–>NMCU–> Muscle Response

23
Q

Ligaments play both a role in joint _____ and _____

A

Joint stability and proprioception

  • Joint mechanical properties of ligaments allow for joint stability
  • Sensory (Stimulates neurons, affect muscle spindle system leading to proprioception)
24
Q

TQ: The sensory properties of ligaments can stimulate ______ that control muscle stiffness (structural function ) and coordination and lead to _________ stability.

A

neurons

joint stability

25
Q

Slide 16 Week 1 “Failure of Ligaments” *

Tats and Cats Analogy

A 
Injured Mechanoreceptor 
        ↓
Corrupted Tranducer signal 
        ↓
Corrupted Muscle response pattern
        ↓
Adverse Conditions (higher facet load, muscle fatigue, etc)
        ↓
Tissue Inflammation
       ↓
Chronic Pain
26
Q

In the Stokes and Iatrick (2004) article titled, “Mechanical Conditions that Accelerate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration,” is concluded that probably any abnormal loading conditions (including overload and immobilization) can produce tissue trauma and/or adaptive changes that may result in disc degeneration.

Adverse mechanical conditions can be due to external ________, or may result from impaired neuromuscular control of the ________ and ________muscles

A

external forces
impaired neuromuscular control of
1. paraspinal muscles
2. abdominal muscles

27
Q

Proprioceptive Deficit and LBP

Lee AS, Cholewicki J, Reeves NP, Zazulak BT, Mysliwiec LW. Comparison of trunk proprioception between patients with low back pain and healthy controls. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010 Sep;91(9):1327-31.

Conclusion suggest that impairments in proprioception may be detected in patients with ______ when assessed with a motion perception threshold measure.

A

LBP

28
Q

Faulty mvmt of foot can travel all the way up the kinetic chain. Over pronated foot (pes planus)

A

ipsi genu valgus –> ipsi coxa varus –> ipsi dropped

iliac crest –> ipsi lumbar scoliosis –> contra thoracic scoliosis–> ipsi dropped shoulder

29
Q

IT band syndrome “Tight Psoas”

A

Stretch Psoas

Strengthen Glutes

30
Q

Three things to decrease ankle dorsiflexion

A
  1. Anterior talus Subluxation
  2. Tight Gastroc and/or soleus
  3. Scar tissue in the anterior aspect of the talus
31
Q

Lateral Line can affect tightness in ITB syndrome

A

Tightness in intercostal muscles as an exmaple

32
Q

three goals to assess spinal stability

A

identify loss of stability
identify loss of motor control
identify aberrant recruitment of motor patterns

33
Q

Most important attribute for spinal stability?

A

Endurance

34
Q

Spinal stability in neutral posture 5-10 maximal volunatry contraction (MVC) of ________ and _______ muscles

A

paraspinal and abdominal

35
Q

Overloading and Immobillization which causes the most problem, example

A

immobilization

i.e. sitting for prolonged times

36
Q

Postural Muscles - responsible for maintaining posture especially during gait
o Type I Slow _______
o Tend to be ______ and tight
o Stabilizers
o Triceps surae (gastroc + soleus), Hamstrings, Adductors, Rectus Femoris, TFL, Iliopsoas
o Erector spinae, QL
o Pecs, Upper traps, SCM, suboccipitals, masticatories

A

Slow twitch
short and tight
Stabilizers
Triceps Surae (Gastro/Soleus)

37
Q

Short foot exercises

A

Sit, flex toe training abductor hallucis longus

38
Q

Proprioceptive Deficit and Neck Pain

Falla D, Jull G, Hodges PW. Feedforward activity of the cervical flexor muscles during voluntary arm movements is delayed in chronic neck pain. Exp Brain Res. 2004 Jul;157(1):43-8.

Conclusion: the delay in neck muscle activity associated with movement of the arm in patients with neck pain indicates a significant _______ in the automatic _______ control of the cervical spine

A

deficit in the automatic feedforward control of the cervical spine.

39
Q

Altered Muscle Response and Resolved LBP

MacDonald D, Moseley GL, Hodges PW. People with recurrent low back pain respond differently to trunk loading despite remission from symptoms. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010 Apr 1;35(7):818-24.

Conclusion: Despite symptom remission, Deep Muscle EMG during predictable loading and Superficial Muscle EMG during unpredictable loading were______ in people with recurrent ____ than healthy participants

A

less

LBP

Basically, even though patients were symptomatic (previous Hx LBP), deep and superficial EMG were less in ppl that had previous recurrent LBP.

40
Q

Altered Muscle Response and Resolved LBP

Cholewicki J, Greene HS, Polzhofer GK, Galloway MT, Shah RA, Radebold A. Neuromuscular function in athletes following recovery from a recent acute low back injury. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2002 Nov;32(11):568-75.

Conclusion: Objective measures of neuromuscular function indicated an a______ m________ response pattern to sudden trunk loading in athletes following their clinical recovery from a recent acute ______.

A

Altered Muscle response

LBI (low back injury)

41
Q

Residual Functional Deficit

Residual Functional Deficit in Pts with Hx of LBP: Nadler

  • Athletes with resolved LBP were ______ in a 20m
    shuttle run vs healthy athletes
  • Athletes w/ resolved lower extremity injuries were
    slower in 20m shuttle run vs healthy athletes

Conclusion - Kinetic chain deficits may exist long after symptomatic ________ from injury resulting in functional deficits, which may be missed on a standard
physical assessment

A

slower

recvery

42
Q

Janda believes that muscles are at “functional crossroad” between _____and _____and that the motor system
acts as a window into the CNS function.

A

CNS and PNS

43
Q

Rehabilitation Program Design and Motor Control Re-programming

Boudreau SA, Farina D, Falla D. The role of motor learning and neuroplasticity in designing rehabilitation approaches for musculoskeletal pain disorders. Man Ther. 2010 Oct;15(5):410-4.

CONCLUSIONS: Rehabilitation efforts that attempt to maximize the extent of cortical neuroplastic changes stand to provide the greatest potential for _______ success.

A

rehabilitation success

44
Q

Layered Syndrome
LCS + UCS = Layer Syndrome (Posterior view-S t A R)

Hypertrophic- THE-T & C

Hypotrophic - Stick Man 2 triangles, an F, an Rectangles

A

Posterior View - Rhomboids, lower/middle trap, serratus anterior

T-Traps (Upper)
H- Hamstrings
E- Erector Spinae of Thoraco lumbar
C-cervical Erector Spinae

Lower stabilizers of the Scap
Lumbosacral Erector Spinae and Glute Max

45
Q

Static, tonic, postural muscles tend to become _______

Dynamic, phasic muscles tend toward _______/______

A

tight

weakness/inhibition

46
Q

5 Muscles that are synergistic dominant with Iliopsoas TIGHT, Glutes inhibited/weak

HIT QLP

A 
Hamstrings
ITB/TFL
Thoraco Lumbar Fascia
GL
Piriformis

Functional Rehab (2 decks)

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