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Measurements > Midterm Material > Flashcards

Midterm Material Flashcards

1
Q

what is a linear sensor/system

A

a system with linear basic equations that satisfies both the principle of superposition and homogeneity

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2
Q

what is the principle of superposition

A

a circuit with multiple voltage ans current sources is equal to the sum of simplified circuits using just one of the sources

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3
Q

what is the principle of homogeneity

A

the input is multiplied by a constant and the output is multiplied by the same constant

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4
Q

what is KCL

A

the sum of the currents entering the node equals the sum of the currents exiting the node

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5
Q

what is kvl

A

for any closed loop in a circuit, the sum of the potential differences across all components is zero. sum of the voltages in a closed loop is 0.

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6
Q

what are thevenin equivalent circuits

A

a linear circuit can be simplified to a circuit with a single voltage source and series resistance connected to a load

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7
Q

what are norton equivalent circuits

A

a linear circuit can be simplified to a circuit with a single current source and equivalent parallel resistance connected to a load

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8
Q

what are the parallel voltage rules

A

all voltages are equal

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9
Q

what are the parallel current rules

A

the total current is equal to the sum of the currents

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10
Q

what are the resistance rules for parallel circuits

A

1/RT=1/R1+1/R2…

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11
Q

what are the series voltage rules

A

the total voltage is equal to the sum of all voltages

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12
Q

what are the series current rules

A

the total current is equal to all currents

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13
Q

what are the resistance rules for series circuits

A

the total resistance is equal to the sum of all resistances

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14
Q

what is an inductor

A

an energy storage element

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15
Q

what is the governing equation for an inductor

A

(Va-Vb)=L(di/dt)

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16
Q

what is a capacitor

A

an energy storage element

17
Q

what is the governing equation for a capacitor

A

q/C=(Va-Vb)

18
Q

what is the governing equation for a resistor

A

R*I=(Va-Vb)

19
Q

what is the equivalent resistance for combining resistors is parallel

A

Req=(RaRb)/(Ra+Rb)

20
Q

what is the equivalent resistance for combining resistors in series

A

Req=(ra+rb)

21
Q

what is a strain gauge

A

a sensor whose electrical resistance measured varies with changes in strain. this force is converted into a voltage to be measured and recorded

22
Q

why is a wheatstone bridge used

A

to measure small changes in electrical resistance

23
Q

what is a full bridge strain gauge

A

consists of 4 strain gauges

24
Q

what do the three types of full bridge strain gauges measure

A

1 and 2. bending strain
3. axial strain

25
Q

what is a strain gauges rosette

A

an arrangement of 2 or more gauge grids to measure normal strain along different directions

26
Q

what is RMS

A

equivalent DC current that produces the same amount of heat over the same period of time through the same resistive load

27
Q

what happens to a waveform when the setting is changed from DC to AC

A

the wave shift down due to the removal of the 5v offset

28
Q

what happens when the trigger slope is changed from positive to negative

A

the wave is flipped about the time axis due to the slope change

29
Q

what is the purpose of the x1 and x10 switch

A

it acts as a voltage divider to measure larger currents. the x10 setting divides the voltage by 10

30
Q

what is the purpose of the trigger control

A

used to stabilise repetitive waveforms and makes it appear static. requires a set tracing point (voltage) to being tracing

31
Q

would an oscilloscope interfere with a circuit under test

A

yes because the probe has capacitance, inductance, and resistance that would affect readings

32
Q

what is duty cycle

A

the ratio of on-time and waveform period

33
Q

what does DC measure

A

AVG signal value

34
Q

what does AC measure

A

RMS for AC-coupled waveform

Measurements (1 decks)

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