Midterm (Lectures 1-6) Flashcards
What is exercise?
Planned, structured, repetitive movement intended to improve or maintain one or more components of physical fitness
What is exercise training?
Any system of organized or methodologically arranged set of ideas, theories or speculations
What is exercise prescription?
A recommended physical activity program designed in a systematic and individualized manner in terms of frequency, intensity, time and type.
Who was Per Olaf Aastrand?
fouding father of exercise physiology. Pioneer of exercise training and testing
Who was Tudor Bompa?
A pioneer of “training models”
Who was Frank Booth?
The molecular biology of exercise training.
Who was Claude Bouchard?
The study of genotype to phenotype
Who was John Faulkner?
specificity of training
Who was Mike Houston?
Biochemistry of exercise
Who was William Kraemer and Keiko Hakkinen?
Science and strength training
Who was Bengt Saltin?
Exercise is medicine
Who was Hans Selye?
biochemist, established general adaptation syndrome
Exercise or sport is a form of________
Stress
Stress defined
Any condition that disrupts homeostasis represents a stress
What is eustress?
positive or healthy form of stress. causes adaptation (training effect)
What is distress?
negative form of stress. causes damage, injury or maladaptation.
Eustress vs distress?
Both types of stress can be present. both types of stress can have equal magnitude.
What is general adaptation syndrome?
biological model characterizing the bodies response to stress.
The stress adaptation syndrome explains why exercise influences _______
everything (all body systems)
What are the three phases of the stress adaptation syndrome?
Alarm phase, resistance phase, exhaustion phase
What is the alarm phase?
period of initial reaction to stress
What is the resistance phase?
period when the body adapts to a “eustress”
What is the exhaustion phase?
period when body maladapts to a “distress”
How does exercise lead to a training effect?
Exercise produces a metabolic stress; a eustress that leads to resistance phase; adaptation leads to training effect
What are the factors affecting adaptive response?
Rest, nutrition, therapy increasing. Drugs, alcohol, injury, travel and psychological stress decreasing.
Genetics ______ play a role in stress adaptation syndrome.
do. there are high, regular and low responders
Can exercise be replaced by a pill?
If so, it would need to replicate the stress adaptation syndrome
What is overtraining?
When distress is greater than eustress over a long period of time. due to too much training relative to athletes ability to adapt.
