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RADIATION PROTECTION > MIDTERM L1 - Radiation Detection and Measurement > Flashcards

MIDTERM L1 - Radiation Detection and Measurement Flashcards

1
Q

Materials designed to detect or measure radiation

A

Radiation Detection Instrument

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1
Q

Radiation Detection Instruments operate in the _____ or ____ mode

A
  1. Pulse
  2. Rate
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2
Q

Mode indicating the PRESENCE OF RADIATION through a ticking, chirping, or beeping sound.

A

Pulse Mode

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3
Q

Pertains to the INSTRUMENT RESPONSE usually expressed in mGya/hr

A

Rate Mode

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4
Q

Instruments designed to measure the intensity of radiation usually operate in the ______ mode

A

Integrate Mode

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5
Q

The measure of radiation intensity

A

Dosimetry

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6
Q

What is the difference between Dosimetry and Dosimeter ?

A

Dosimetry = Measure of Radiation Intensity

Dosimeter = Radiation intensity measuring device

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7
Q

The earliest radiation detection device

A

Photographic Emulsion

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8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Photographic Emulsion is sensitive and energy dependent

A

TRUE

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9
Q

Give the three types of Gas-filled Detectors

A
  1. Ionization Chamber
  2. Proportional Counter
  3. Geiger-Muller Counter
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10
Q

It is used widely as a device to measure radiation intensity and and to detect radioactive contamination.

A

Gas-Filled Detectors

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11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
In Gas-filled Detectors, the larger the chamber means the lesser gas molecules are available for ionization

A

FALSE
The larger the chamber, the MORE gas molecules are available for ionization

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12
Q

Which of the following Gas-filled Detectors is the instrument of choice for measuring radiation intensity ?

A. Geiger-Muller Counter
B. Ionization Chamber
C. Proportional Counter
D. NOTA

A

B. Ionization Chamber

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13
Q

Ionization Chamber is used for surveying radiation levels at exactly ______ or ______

A

1 mR/hr or 10 uGy/hr

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14
Q

Used for contamination control in nuclear medicine laboratories

A

Geiger-Muller Counter

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15
Q

Geiger-Muller Counter is limited to ______ and is portable

A

100 mR/hr

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16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
Geiger-Muller Counter surveys for high radiation levels and radioactive contamination

A

FALSE
Geiger-Muller Counter surveys for LOW radiation levels and radioactive contamination

17
Q

It has the ability to distinguish between alpha and beta radiation

A

Proportional Counter

18
Q

The following are characteristics of a Proportional Counter EXCEPT:

A. Laboratory Equipment
B. Accurate
C. Sensitive
D. Limited Range

A

D. Limited Range

19
Q

Scintillation Detection serves as the basis for ______

A

Gamma Camera

20
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
Scintillation Detection may be used an Image Receptor for digital imaging system

21
Q

Materials establishing a Scintillation Detection device include _____ or _____

A

Nal:Tl or Csl:Tl

(Thallium-Activated Sodium Iodide or Thallium-Activated Cesium Iodide)

22
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
Scintillation Detection may be stationary or portable.

23
Q

The Thermoluminescence Densitometry is discovered in _____ at the _______

A

1960 / University of Wisconsin

24
Q

Stored crystals / energy in TLD is released as _____ when heated

25
Q

Provide the four (4) materials of TLD

A
  1. Lithium Fluoride
  2. Calcium Fluoride
  3. Lithium Borate
  4. Calcium Sulfate
26
Q

Device that emits electrons when illuminated

A

Photocathode

27
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
TLD is non-reusable

A

FALSE
TLD is REUSABLE

28
Q

TLD can measure doses as low as _____ with modest accuracy, and at doses ______

A

5 mrad
>10 rad

29
Q

A radiation dosimeter developed by Landauer in the late 1990’s

A

Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry (OSL)

30
Q

OSL uses ____ as the radiation detector

A. Aluminum Oxide
B. Aluminum Dioxide
C. Cesium Iodide
D. Lithium Fluoride

A

A. Aluminum Oxide

31
Q

The following are advantages of OSL over TLD EXCEPT:

A. More sensitive - 1 mrad / 10 uGyt

B. Wide Dynamic Range

C. Excellent Long-term Stability

D. NOTA

32
Q

Give the three (3) steps for utilizing OSL

A
  1. Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
  2. Laser Illumination
  3. Measurement of the Intensity of Stimulated Light Emission
33
Q

Scintillation Detection is used in the detector arrays of _____ imaging systems

A. Magnetic Resonance Imaging
B. Computed Tomography
C. Mammography
D. Radiologic Contrast

A

B. Computed Tomography

34
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
Lithium Fluoride is a nearly tissue-equivalent radiation dosimeter

35
Q

Give the five Radiation Detection and Measuring Devices

( I want the exact word :< )

A
  1. Photographic Emulsion
  2. Gas-Filled Detectors
  3. Thermoluminescence Dosimetry
  4. Optically-Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry
  5. Scintillation Detection
36
Q

Used to survey assay of small quantities of radionuclides

A

Proportional Counter

37
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
Reanalysis is possible with OSL

38
Q

Pulse Rate indicates the presence of radiation through a _____, ______, or a ______ sound

A
  1. Ticking
  2. Chirping
  3. Beeping
39
Q

OSL stands for

A. Optically-Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry

B. Optically-Stimulated Luminiscence Dosimetry

C. Optical Stimulation of Luminescence Dosimetry

D. Optical Stimulation Luminescence Dosimetry

A

A. Optically-Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry

RADIATION PROTECTION (2 decks)

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