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TE & SPORTS > MIDTERM - kahoot > Flashcards

MIDTERM - kahoot Flashcards

1
Q

definition of functional excursion

A

the distance a muscle can shorten after it has been maximally elongated

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2
Q

active insufficiency

A

decreased tension of a multiarticular mm when it is shortened across one / more of its joints – implies that mm shortening leads to low tension

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3
Q

passive insufficiency

A

occurs when multi-joint mm is lengthened to its fullest extent at both joints, but also prevents full ROM of each joint it crosses

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4
Q

functional excursion of a muscle can be affected by…

A

the joints the muscle crosses

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5
Q

AROM is produced by…

A

active contraction of the muscle crossing a joint

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6
Q

PROM is produced by…

A

external force, manual or mechanical – NOT synonymous with passive stretching

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7
Q

A-AROM is produced by…

A

combination of external force and active muscle contraction (type of AROM)

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8
Q

what is correct for application of AROM

A

-the motion is perfomed within the available ROM
-first, demonstrate the motion desired using PROM
-provide assistance only as needed
*NOT “first, provide assistance as needed for smooth motion”

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9
Q

what is correct with regard to AROM

A

-goal: provides sensory feedback from contracting muscles
-goal: provides a stimulus for bone & joint tissue integrity
-limitation: does not maintain or increase strength in strong muscles
*NOT “limitation: develops skill and coordination in movement patterns used”

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10
Q

an indication for ROM is…

A

when a patient has weak musculature & is unable to move a joint (A-AROM)

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11
Q

application for PROM

A

-force for movement is external
-motion is carried out within the free ROM
-ROM should be pain free
*NOT “active resistance or assistance is given by the patient’s muscles”

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12
Q

goals for PROM

A

-decrease complications that occur with immobilization
-help maintain patient’s awareness of movement
-maintain joint & CT mobility
*NOT “improve strength in weakened muscles”

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13
Q

when or where is PROM indicated?

A

-in region with acute, inflamed tissue
-when patient is not able/ supposed to actively move an area
-after surgical repair of contractile tissue
NOT: “when a patient is able to contract the muscles actively”

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14
Q

T/F - the agonist refers to the mm opposite the range-limiting mm in an agonist contraction stretch

A

TRUE

agonist stretch = dynamic ROM (DROM) or active stretching

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15
Q

T/F - the antagonist refers to the range-limiting mm in an agonist contraction stretch

A

TRUE

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16
Q

dynamic & passive are 2 types of…

A

flexibility

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17
Q

flexibility

A

ability to rotate single joint or series of joints smoothly & easily through an unrestricted, pain-free ROM

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18
Q

dynamic flexibility

A

AKA active mobility or active ROM → the extent to which an active mm contraction can rotate a joint through its available ROM

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19
Q

passive flexibility

A

AKA passive mobility or passive ROM → the extent to which a joint can be passively rotated through its available ROM

20
Q

the mm & tendon have shortened but are not damaged

A

myostatic contracture

21
Q

often caused by muscle overactivity from brain/ spinal injury

A

pseudomyostatic contracture

22
Q

joint stiffness due to problems inside joint or joint’s CT

A

arthrogenic & periarticular contracture

23
Q

fibrotic & irreversible contracture

A

scar-like changes in mm & joint tissues reduce flexibility & can stick tissues together – while some ROM can be regained, hard to completely restore tissue length

24
Q

facilitates mm activation & ensures optimal relaxation

A

PNF stretching

25
Q

devices that apply low intensity stretch over an extended period

A

mechanical stretching

26
Q

therapist applies external force to lengthen target tissues

A

manual (passive) stretching

27
Q

self-stretching

A

done independently by patient
-maintain/increase tissue extensibility from therapist intervention
-key for long-term management of musculoskeletal/neuromuscular disorders

28
Q

correct determinant of stretching intervention

A

-alignment: position a limb to direct stretch to appropriate muscle
-stabilization: fixation of a segment
-intensity: magnitude or force supplied
*NOT “duration: rate of initial application”

29
Q

stretching intervention: duration, speed, frequency, mode of stretch

A

-duration: length of time stretch force is applied during stretch cycle
-speed: rate of initial application of stretch force
frequency: # of stretching sessions per day/ week
mode: static stretching, cyclic/intermittent, ballistic, PNF, etc.

30
Q

T/F - a golgi tendon organ functions to detect & convey info about mm length changes & velocity of those changes

A

FALSE

=mm spindle

31
Q

T/F - hypomobility is often caused by adaptive shortening / decreased extensibility in soft tissue

A

TRUE

32
Q

overstretch & hypermobility

A

lengthening mm & other joint soft tissues beyond normal length by exceeding normal ROM of a joint – regular overstretching may result in hypermobility (excessive mobility)

33
Q

muscle setting will accomplish…

A

-decrease mm pain & spasm
-improve mm strength in very weak mm
-promote relaxation & circulation
-can slow atrophy & maintain fiber mobility during immobilization
*NOT “improve muscle strength in very strong muscles”

34
Q

CI’s to resistance exercise include…

A

-pain & joint inflammation
-severe cardiopulmonary disease
-inflammation & acute disease
-post-heart attack or surgery

35
Q

T/F - multiple angle isometrics is an appropriate choice for a patient with mild joint swelling & pain during AROM

A

TRUE

36
Q

open-chain exercise include…

A

-involves motion in which distal segments are free to move in space
-limb movement only occurs distal to the moving joint
-mm activation occurs in mm that cross the moving joint
*NOT “performed in weight-bearing positions”

37
Q

closed-chain exercises…

A

causes lower levels of shear in the joint

38
Q

in order to decrease the effects of mm fatigue during exercise session…

A

active exercise during rest interval between sets

39
Q

if mm performance is to improve, a resistance load that exceeds the metabolic capacity of the muscle must be applied

A

overload principle

40
Q

DOMS

A

-caused by high intensity eccentric mm contractions
-form from tiny mm, fibre or CT injuries
-indicated by increased creatine kinase levels
NOT: “caused by muscle spasm & waste buildup”

41
Q

muscle fiber types

A

TYPE I: slow twitch rate, aerobic exercise
TYPE IIA: fast twitch rate, anaerobic exercise
Type IIB: fast twitch rate, anaerobic exercise

42
Q

in order to improve strength, power & indurance

A

-3 sets of 10
-10x or 40-60% of maximum effort
-8-12 repetitions for 2/3 sets

43
Q

the concept of endurance includes…

A

-using mm force to raise, lower or control a light external load
-activities which involve use of large muscles
-ability to perform repetitive/sustained activities over a prolonged period
*NOT “muscles adapt by decreasing their oxidative & metabolic capacities”

44
Q

T/F - eccentric: dynamic mm activation & tension production below the level of external resistance; physical lengthening

A

TRUE

45
Q

T/F - concentric: dynamic mm activation in which tension develops & physical shortening of mm occurs

A

TRUE

46
Q

exercise velocity

A

mm contraction speed influences tension & mm power → crucial for various movement speeds in functional activities

TE & SPORTS (4 decks)

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