midterm III (helminthology) (trematodes) Flashcards by Luke Mccreath

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non-embryonated egg of Fasciola

(in fresh faeces sample)

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native Cercaria of fascola hepatica

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Fasciola hepatica

(liver fluke)

see yellow mass of eggs behind the ventral sucker

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Fasciola hepatica (preserved sample)

see the darker branches of intestines filled with blood

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Paramphistomidosis

(rumen flukes)

in europe Paramphistomum and calicophoron genres

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unembryonated egg of rumen fluke

eccentric zygote surrounded by course yolk

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rumen fluke attached to a papillae

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Dicrocolium dendriticum

(lancet fluke)

transparent whitish body with a string of eggs seen throughout the tissue

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the egg of dicrocoelium (lancet fluke)

note the two eye-like excretory cells of the miracidium inside

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Ants act as a sencond intermediate host for the lancet fluke

(they become infected from feeding on the ejected mucus from the landsnail)

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chronic Dicrocoeliosis

thick walled bile ducts in the cut surface of a sheeps liver

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chronic fasciolosis

adult flukes in enlarged and opened bile ducts of cattle

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Rumen fluke (histology)

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miracidium

-hatches and swims to find a freshwater snail

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Trematoda: Miracidium inside the egg

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Trematoda: miracidia

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Trematoda: sporocyst

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Trematoda: sporocyst containing rediae

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Trematoda: sporocyst containing rediae

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Trematoda: Redia

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trematoda: cercaria

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trematoda: full cecaria
- typical of blood flukes

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trematoda: metacercariae

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Trematoda: metacercariae

(notice the sucker in the middle)

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trematoda: migrant young fluke

fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) Acute fasciolosis: haemorrhages on the serosa

Fasciola hepatica (haemorrhagic tracts found in sheeps liver)

fasciola hepatica chronic fasciolosis - flukes found in the bile duct

Fasciola hepatica - Red spikes on surface = trematode - oral sucker visible in the centre

Fasciola hepatica - parenchyma with dark intestinal cross sections

fasciola hepatica - digested blood in the intestines = liver fluke

Fasciola hepatica (common liver fluke) - chronic stage: enlarged and fibrotic lesions

Fasciola hepatica - enlarged gall bladder and bile duct

Fasciola hepatica - enlarged bile duct wall

Chronic fasciolosis - submandibular oedema

preserved eggs of liver fluke - detected using sedimentation

Galba truncatula - most common host fof fasciola & calicophoron spp.

Fascioloides magna (great american liver fluke) - Dark areas of the intestines filled with blood

Fascioloides magna (great american liver fluke) - caverns in the liver of red deer

Fascioloides magna ( great american liver fluke) - mass of eggs in the liver

Rumen fluke either *Paramphistomum* or *Calicophoron spp.*

Rumen fluke either *paramphistomum* or *calicophoron spp.* - 1 large ventral sucker - 1 smaller oral sucker - Genital opening in the centre

Rumen fluke [oral end] - either: *Paramphistomum* or *calicophoron spp*.

Rumen fluke [ventral end] - either: *paramphistomum* or *calicophoron spp.* - see large ventral sucker

Rumen fluke [ventral end] cross section - either: *Paramphistomum* of *calicophoron spp.*

rumen fluke [oral end] - either: *paramphistomum* or *calicophoron spp.*

Rumen fluke [Ventral end] - either: *paramphistomum* or *calicophoron spp.*

Planorbid snail intermediate host for *Paramphostomum spp.*

*Dicrocoelium dendriticum* (lancet fluke)

*Dicrocoelium dendriticum* (lancet fluke)

*Dicrocoelium dendriticum* (lancet fluke) eggs

land snail - host of *Dicrocoelium dendriticum* (lancet fluke)

*Dicrocoelium dendriticum* (lancet fluke) Cercaria - found in slime balls on grass

*Dicrocoelium dendriticum* (lancet fluke) metacercaria

chronic dicroeliasis: thickened bile duct *Dicrocoelium dendriticum* (lancet fluke)

* Dicrocoelium dendriticum* (lancet fluke) - can be identified by the presence of eggs

* Dicrocoelium dendriticum* - can be identified by presence of eggs

* Dicrocoelium dendriticum* (lancet fluke) - can be identified by presence of eggs

how to distinguish between lancet flukes and liver flukes?

**Liver flukes:** visible digested blood in intestines **Lancet fluke****s**: visible eggs present