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Clinical Nutrition 2 > Midterm II Labs and Medications > Flashcards

Midterm II Labs and Medications Flashcards

1
Q

HMG-CoA reductors?

A

-STATIN

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2
Q

Diet with-STATIN?

A

-Low fat, low chol, avoid grapefruit relate citrus , take 6h before fibre

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3
Q

Blood serum with STATIN?

A

-Decrease chol, TGs, LDL, VLDL, increase ALT, AST an ALP Phos

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4
Q

Loop diuretics?

A
  • IDE

- K+ depleting

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5
Q

Diet with -IDE?

A

-Increase K+, Mg, decrease Na, avoid natural liquorice

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6
Q

Side effects with -IDE?

A
  • Anorexia, increased thirst

- Cramps, N/V

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7
Q

Blood serum w/ -IDE?

A

-Decrease K, Mg, Na, Cl, Ca, increase glucose, BUN

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8
Q

(T/F) Cilastatin is a antibiotic

A

-T

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9
Q

Imipenem, Cilastatin, Primaxin?

A

-Antibiotics

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10
Q

Imipenem GI SE?

A

-N/V, cramps, colitis

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11
Q

Imipenem Blood serum?

A

Increased alk-phos, AST, ALT,BUN, Creat, K, Cl, decrease NA

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12
Q

Demerol?

A

-Analgesic

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13
Q

Demerol Nutr?

A

Anorexia

-Avoid alcohol

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14
Q

Demerol Oral/GI?

A

-Dry mouth, N/V, GI pin, constipation

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15
Q

Demerol blood serum?

A

-Increase amylase and lipase

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16
Q

Methotrexate or -RINE? **

A
  • Immunosuppression
  • Folic acid antagonist
  • Heptoxicity
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17
Q

Prednisone? **

A

-Corticosteroids
-Increase glucose, weight gan, increase appetite, may mask infections
-BMD, impair calcium and vitamin D
-Increase Ca, PROTEIN, Vit D, and decrease Na
DO NOT IMPACT FOLATE

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18
Q

Sulfasalazine? **

A
  • Competes with intestinal folate absorption

- Other aminosalicylate do not

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19
Q

Furosimides? **

A
  • K+ losing
  • increase K, Ca, Mg in diet
  • Avoid grapefruit
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20
Q

Spironolactone?

A
  • K+ sparing diuretic

- Avoid salt subs, potassium chloride, potassium phosphate

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21
Q

CyclospoRINE? **

A
  • Immunosuppressant common to IBD
  • Avoid K/Salt subs, avoid grapefruit
  • Vit E increases absorption
  • Increase Bun, Creatinine , LFTS
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22
Q

-AZIDE,-AMINE, -AZINE **

A
  • Aminosalicylate used in IBD
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Anorexia, decrease weigh
  • Increase LFTS, Bun and Creatinine
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23
Q

-SONIDE, -SOLONE? **

A
  • Glucorticoids

- See prednisone

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24
Q

Infliximab? **

A
  • Indicated in IBD
  • PN only
  • TNF-alpha inhibitor
  • Mouth ulcer, dyspepsia, vomiting, abdo pain
25
Q

Metronidazole **?

A

Nitroimidazole antibiotic in IBD

  • Take with meals to decrease GI stress, drug decrease availability
  • Consider decrease Na in diet
  • Metallic taste, N/V, epigastric distress, diarrhea
  • Decrease AST/ALT, increased LDH and TG
26
Q

Ciprofloxacin? *

A
  • Fluoroquinolone antibiotic
  • Avoid taking with Ca or dairy products
  • Bad taste, N/V
  • Increase LFTs, BUN Creat, Increase bilirubin, chol, TG
27
Q

-PRINE PURINE?

A

-Immunosuppressive

28
Q

Albumin?

A

35-52 g/L

29
Q

Pre-albumin?

A

0.2-0.4 g/L

30
Q

Sodium?

A

136-147 mmol/L

31
Q

Potassium?

A

3.5-5.2 mmol/L

32
Q

HgB?

A

Males: 140-180 g/L
Females: 120-160 g/L

33
Q

Hct?

A

Males: 0.42-0.52
Females: 0.37-0.47

34
Q

Glucose?

A

3.3-6.4 mmol/L

35
Q

T-Chol?

A

<5.2 mmol/L

36
Q

TG?

A

0.4-2.29 mmol/L

37
Q

LDL?

A

<2.59 mmol/L

38
Q

HDL?

A

> 1.55 mmol/L

39
Q

T. Protein?

A

60-79 g/L

40
Q

BP?

A

120/80

41
Q

Heart rate?

A

60-100 BPM

42
Q

Resp rate?

A

12-20/minute

43
Q

Temp?

A

Greater than 37.5 C considered fever

44
Q

Thiamin IV replenishment?

A
  • 50-220 mg oral

- 100-300 mg IV x 7 days

45
Q

Phosphate replenishment?

A

-Potassium phosphate unless K+ >/= 4mmol/L

46
Q

Folate replenishment?

A

-5 mg/day if deficiency

47
Q

Magnesium replenishment?

A
  • Max infusion rate of 8mmol/hr and up to 100 mmol/hr over 12 hours if asymptomatic
  • Up to 32 mmol/L over 4-5 mins for severe, symptomatic hypomg.
48
Q

Motilin?

A

Motilin participates in controlling the pattern of smooth muscle contractions in the upper gastrointestinal tract, NOT gastric motility.

49
Q

What is secretory diarrhea?

A

Secretory diarrhea occurs when your body secretes electrolytes into your intestine.

50
Q

(T/F) Excessive amount of bile salts in the colon cause osmotic diarrhea

A

F

Cause watery diarrhea, Bile salts are not osmotic

51
Q

A low oxalate diet is appropriate for which patients?

A

A patient with short bowel syndrome with persistent fat malabsorption
–> Not with steatorrhea

52
Q

What does the ileum control?

A

-Hormones controlling gastric hypersecretion

53
Q

Key consequences if the ileum is resected?

A
  • Depletion of bile salt pool
  • Gastric hypersecretion
  • B12 deficiency
  • Bacterial overgrowth (loss of ileocecal valve)
54
Q

ERAS is a multimodal pathway based on evidence-based best practices to reduce the surgical stress response that includes

A

Early ingestion of normal food (within 2-3 days) augmented by the use of oral nutritional supplements and early mobilization

55
Q

If you had a patient with acute pancreatitis that you recommended EN, according to ASPEN when can you use a standard EN product and why?

A

Standard products may be used in acute pancreatitis if delivered below the LOT and delivered slowly at first with attention to pain and tolerance as the rate is advanced

56
Q

You are consulted on a patient with acute pancreatitis on the 2nd day of hospitalization. The patient is on mechanical ventilation and has evidence of necrosis of the pancreatic gland, about 30% and a small pseudocyst in the tail. What would be your recommendation?

A

Place a NJ tube and begin feeds slowly advancing to the goal of 48-72 h

57
Q

4 most common micronutrient deficiencies in IBD due to drug-nutrient interactions?

A
  • vit D, calcium
  • folate
  • potassium, phosphorus
  • vit A or C
58
Q

2 vitamins produced endogenously in the colon?

A
  • Vitamin K

- Biotin

Clinical Nutrition 2 (21 decks)

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