Midterm I Flashcards
What age are kids in the L4L stage
Between 5-12
What skills are in development during L4L
A. Knowledge of classroom discourse rules
B. Decontextualized Language
C. Metalinguistic and phonological awareness
D. Literacy Skills
Who are AL (Advanced Language) Students
Middle - high school
12 years - Adult
What are new skills at the AL stage
More sophisticated narratives, making inferences, solving problems, critical thinking, developing discipline specific language
What are the 6 critical roles of the SLP?
- Working Across all Levels
- Serving a Range of Disorders
- Ensuring Educational Relevance
- Providing Unique Contributions to Curriculum
- Highlighting Language/Literacy
- Providing Culturally Competent Services
What are the ranges of responsibilities of an SLP?
- Prevention
- Assessment
- Intervention
- Program Design
- Data Collection and Analysis
- Compliance
What is meant by collaboration and leadership?
Collaboration with other professionals and families, Leadership = advocacy, mentorship, parent training, research
What are the five (6) stages of reading development?
0 = Pre-Reading (K) 1 = De-coding (1-2) 2=Automaticity (2-4) 3=Reading to Learn (4-8) 4=Reading for ideas (8-12) 5=Critical Reading (college)
Define: Language Learning Disability
Impairment in comprehension or use of spoken, written or other symbolic language. Breakdown in form, content, or use
Define: Dyslexia
A brain-based specific language learning disorder of language form.
Define: Developmental Language Disorder
A language disorder with no known etiology but can co–occur with other disorders. Basically, they can have an intellectual disability.
Define: Specific Language Impairment
A language disorder without a known etiology and with no co-occuring disorders. Developed by researchers to exclude those with other conditions like DS or hearing loss.
What definition is used in IDEA for students to receive services?
Depending on the state the child must test at 1.5 - 2 standered deviations or more below the mean.
Define: Learning Disability
A disorder in one or more of the psychological processes that contribute to language learning and it’s impact on the ability to speak, listen, think, read, write spell, math. NOT including anything physical.
What 6 skills make up literacy?
- Literacy awareness
- Print awareness
- Phonological awareness
- Word Recognition
- Comprehension
- Fluency
Define: Phonological Awareness
Explicit awareness of the sound structure of speech
Define: Specific Learning Disability
Clinical dx. Dyslexia
Define: Assessment
A dynamic process involving formal and informal measurment instruments, observations of the student in their environment, and interviews to determine the Existence of, Type, Nature, and Severity of a communication disorder.
Define: Static Testing
A picture at one point in time.
Example: Standardized Testing
Define: Dynamic Testing
Gathering information (classroom materials) to form the full picture of the child’s performance.
Define: Functional Testing
Looking at general communication ability
Define: Descriptive Assessment
Observational
Authentic Assessment
Collecting spelling tests or writing samples from the classroom.
Define: Student centered assessment
Student provides strengths and weaknesses in learning
What other factors might you consider in an assessment?
The educational system, types of language used in the classroom, attitudes of teachers and family about lld.
What are the 2 main goals in an evaluation?
- To develop a good understanding and diagnosis of the student’s communication problem.
- To monitor progress in tx and describe changes
What are factors that contribute to prognosis
Age, length of time of the disorder, other problems, motivation, support systems
What are some assumptions that tests make?
That the students will
- Cooperate to the best of their ability
- Be comfortable with an unfamiliar adult and willing to talk to them
- Be proficient in verbal ability
- Understand things like fill-in-the-blank sentences.
What are ways to modify a test for bilingual students
Give instructions in both languages, rephrase instructions, give the student extra time, repeat when necessary, ask the child to explain wrong answers.
What are three genres of discorse
- conversational (two or more speakers in both roles)
- narratives (told by one person while the other listens)
- expository (Used to instruct)
What are the purposes of narratives?
To entertain and inform
What skills are required to produce a narrative
The ability to use words and plan an overall structure + build a relationship with listeners
Provide the 6 levels of narrative development in order
- Heaps
- Sequences
- Primitive Narratives
- Unfocused Chains
- Focused Chains
- True Narratives
Describe Macrostructure analysis of narratives
Story grammar parts, applebees, story structure levels
Describe Microstructure analysis of narratives
grammatical units analysis (number of words and types of clauses, calculation of C/T units) lexical diversity, cohesion analysis (referential, conjuctive, lexical, substitution/ellipsis)
What does a C-Unit consist of?
Each independent clause with it’s modifiers
What is a T-Unit
Minimal terminal unit- one main clause with all the subordinate clases attached to it
