Midterm I Flashcards
Which file has a triangular cross-section?
Reamer - Reaming, balanced force, and watch-winding.
Percentages of mandibular canines having 2 canals?
2 = 3-6%
What is the definition of a prescription?
An order for medication which is dispensed to or for an ultimate user. It is not an order for medication which is dispensed for immediate administration to the ultimate user.
What are the three elements you need to cut dentin with a file?
- Force 2. Sharp 3. Rake Angle
What are the main goals for the general dentist?
- Diagnose pulpal and periapical pathosis 2. Endodontic treatment planning 3. Perform non-surgical conventional RCT on minimum difficulty cases
What is the purpose of the flute on the file?
It is the groove that catches debris between the cutting edges.
What are some ideal core material properties?
Easily manipulated, no shrinkage, seals laterally and apically, non-irrating to PA tissues, unaffected by tissue fluids, bacteriostatic, radiopaque, no staining, steril.
What are the smallest and largest dimensions of standardized K-file, H-file, and Gutta-Percha Cones?
006 and 140, and this is measuring the diameter of the very tip.
What is the difference between the standardized and the conventional sizes for Gutta Percha?
- Standardized is the normal File sizes that range from #15 to #140, with either a .02, .04, .06 taper.
- Conventional is sizes
- extra-fine,
- fine-fine,
- fine,
- fine-medium,
- medium,
- large,
- extra-large.
- The Master Cone Fit is Standardized while the accessory cones are conventional.
Where does the smear layer accumulate?
Into accessory canals, isthmuses, canal walls, and fins.
Percentages of mandibular 1st premolars having 2 canals?
2 = 25%
Step 5 of Root Canal Preparation:
- Working Length Radiograph Instrument: Use at least a #15 file for this radiograph, place file passively into canal near the estimated W.L. distance, not aggressively. Outcome: From the radiograph, determine the full length of the canal, determine the adjusted or calculated Working Length from the radiograph for each canal, and remember the Working Length is usually 1/2 to 1 mm short of the root length. Observe the canal curvatures and note the possibility of additional canals.
What does EDTA do? And what percentage do we use?
- 17%, it is a chelator and it removes the inorganic components of the canal and leaves the organic tissue intact, so we use this right before sodium hypochlorite.
- This effectively removes the smear layer, when used for at least 1 minute.
What are the characteristics of Calcium Hydroxide?
Antibacterial, non-antigenic, temporary obturant, stimulate apical root end closure. Very powerful. Inactivates biologic ac:vity of bacterial lipopolysaccharides which egress from necrotic’ pulps’into’periapical tissues’and’cause’PA’lesions
What are the 3 main groups of drugs for pain medicine?
- NSAIDS 2. Opioids/Narcotics 3. Steroids
Step 4 of Root Canal Preparation:
- Coronal Canal Preparation Instrument: Gate-Glidden Burs #2-4 (.7 - 1.1) and Orifice Opener Burs (BR 0) Outcome: Enlarge the orifice, enlarge the coronal canal to the mid-root area size of a #70, reduce the cervical triangular dentin, improve the accuracy of the working length measurement by removing any mid-root interferences, improve the depth of irrigation solution penetration.
What are the five main types of endodontic treatments and procedures?
- Conventional RCT 2. Non-surgical Retreatment 3. Surgical Retreatment 4. Traumatic Dental Injuries 5. Dental Implants
What is Azithromycin made of?
Amoxicillin and Clavulonic Acid
What are the 5 objectives of access openings?
- Remove all caries 2. Conserve sound tooth structure 3. Unroof pulp chamber and remove all coronal pulp tissue 4. Locate all canal orifices 5. Establish straight or direct line access
What are the main Aldehydes?
- Formaldehydes (Formocresol) Used for pulpectomy/pulpotomy to fix remaining pulp tissue. 2. Gluteraldehydes
What are the minimum difficulty cases for additional considerations in the AAE assessment form?
- Uncomplicated crown fracture of mature or immature tooth 2. No previous endodontic treatment history 3. None or mild periodontal disease
How do you place sealer?
Use the Master Apical File and spin in reverse with hand, then use the gutta percha point to coat the canal walls, then use paper point, or you can use the lentulo spiral which isn’t the best, and the syringe which is the single cone technique.
How does the Warm Vertical Compaction technique work for obturation?
You do a Master Cone Fit, and then apply heated plugger deep to separate the cone and heat and soften apical section, then you apply apical pressure to produce hydraulic force to softened gutta percha, moving it apically and laterally. And then additional gutta percha sections are added similarly in an incremental fashion to orifice.
Step 6 of Root Canal Preparation:
- Apical Configuration/Gauging Instrument: Small K files #8-20. Use passively to determine apical gauging and canal size. Use a #10 file to establish apical patency. Outcome: Determine the Patency File size, determine the Initial Apical File size, which is the first file that binds at the WL. Estimate the Master Apical File size, which is the size that will be used to clean the apical canal at the working length. (The MAF is usually 3-4 file sizes larger than the IAF)