Midterm Exam Flashcards
Three principle rights of workers
- right to refuse dangerous work without penalty
- right to participate in identifying and correcting hazards in the workplace
- right to know about hazards in the workplace
What is the Internal Responsibility System?
Canadian OSHA is based on it
All major stakeholders are assigned specific responsibilities and are responsible for health and safety
What is Joint Occupational Health and Safety Committees?
- required by law in most place based on size (20+)
- required in smaller businesses in some cases
- helps ensure internal responsibility system is working
- provide nonadversarial environment for labour and management to meet and make things safe
WHMIS
- labels to alert user to hazard
- material safety data sheets (MSDSs)
- procedures for safe handling
- employee training
- aligned with GHS, includes some elements
Workers Compensation process for reporting
information needed from 3 parties - employer, employee, physician.
- employer files form 7 within 3 days, about worker, workplace, injury, type of work, hours, wages, incident, lost work time. employer keeps in touch with worker, finds safe employment options, and updates wcb
- employee reports injury to employer, files form 6 even with no lost time. Info is same as employer. Worker must take active role in treatment, cooperate with return to work options, communicate with employer and wcb
- physician files form 8, includes other additional info from other health care providers (physio, etc).
- entitlement officer takes on file at wcb and makes decision, benefits start if it is approved
- possible to appeal decision
Workers Compensation rates and methods
- Based on per $100 of payroll expenses, uses calculator and rate group categorized by type of business
- 75-85% of wages from last 12 months
- not based on potential loss of future earnings
- looks at age, degree of impairment, number of dependents for disability/pension pay
What are the 5 categories of hazards?
- People
- Equipment
- Environment
- Materials
- Processes
Risk Assessment methods (determining risk)
based on severity and probability
What are the supervisors general duties?
- ensure the safety of people working under supervisor
- includes equipment, procedure, ppe, etc
How do you use the source path human method of control?
the closer to the source the control is the more effective it is
What is lockout?
removing the source of energy from a machine, particularly during preventative maintenance
What is harmful ionizing radiation?
x ray, nuclear, radon, (electromagnetic)
measured in rem
can be whole body, localized, acute, chronic
causes genetic effects: burns, cell mutation, radiation sickness
control by shielding, job rotation, PPE, training
Name a few heat related illnesses
Heat rash Heat edema Heat cramps Heat stroke Heat hyperpyrexia
Substitution with less hazardous chemicals
proces enclosure exhaust ventilation
closed systems
maintenance of engineering control systems
vapour recovery
control of ignition systems
are ______________ controls for ____________.
Engineering, chemicals
Stressors
work load, work pace, role stress, career concerns, work scheduling, interpersonal concerns, job content/control
Risk factors for workplace violence
- scheduling (taxi drivers)
- authority (ER nurses)
- valuables (pharmacy)
- care for others (CSW)
____________ is the modification of work processes, equipment, and materials to reduce exposure to hazards.
engineering control
- suppression
- barriers
- modifications
- substitution
- isolation
are all part of what type of control?
point of contact
- subsitution
- ventilation
- isolation
are all part of what type of control?
engineering
List 3 kinds of engineering controls.
- process modification
- machine guarding
- equipment design
_____________ control management involves work practices, policies, procedures, training, and rules.
Administrative
What are 3 methods for increasing safety awareness?
- visible reminders
- special events
- awards and incentives
What are 3 methods for preventative maintenance?
- lockout procedures
- work permits
- confined-space entry
____ should be considered a backup to other control methods.
PPE
What is non-ionizing radiation?
electromagnetic radiation without the energy to turn matter into ions, made up of photons
includes microwave, radio, infrared, light, UV
less negative effects
use sunscreen, sunglasses, etc
Shields, walls, locked doors, warning signs, displays, and ventilation systems are engineering controls used to reduce risk of ____________.
radiation exposure
Regular inspection and maintenance schedules, SOPs, and proper labelling and inventory of radioactive materials are examples of _____________ controls.
administrative
Gradual hearing loss is also know as ____________.
temporary threshold shift
In what 3 ways can noise affect human health?
- physiological damage to hearing (NIHL)
- sociological damage (startle response, headache, hormone changes)
- psychological effects (stress)
how can noise be best controlled?
- elimination if possible
- path - move worker, sound, or attenuate
- human - ppe
how can noise be best controlled?
- elimination if possible
- path - move worker, sound, or attenuate
- human - ppe
Best ways to control heat exposure?
engineering: insulate, shield, AC, ventilation
administrative:
administrative: reduce activity, supervision, work-rest periods, requirements to help acclimatize workers
PPE
cold related illnesses
chilblains immersion foot trench foot frost nip frost bite hypothermia
Best ways to control cold exposure?
engineering: heaters, shields
administrative: work-rest, cold weather procedures
human - dress warm
SOPS, education and training, labels, housekeeping, maintenance, record keeping, waste disposal
are all ____________ for ______________.
work practice/administrative, chemicals
SOPS, education and training, labels, housekeeping, maintenance, record keeping, waste disposal
are all ____________ for ______________.
work practice/administrative, chemicals
what are 4 types of strain?
- psychological
- physical
- organizational
- behavioural