MIDTERM EXAM 21-50

Question 1

What is the primary function of a firewall

Answer 1

To control incoming and outgoing network traffic

Question 2

type of firewall examines the entire packet, including the payload

Answer 2

Next-generation firewall

Question 3

What is a VPN (Virtual Private Network)

Answer 3

A software-defined network that creates a secure connection over an insecure
network

Question 4

Which VPN protocol is widely used for its strong security and performance

Answer 4

OpenVPN

Question 5

What is a DMZ (Demilitarized Zone

Answer 5

A logical network segment that separates internal networks from external networks

Question 6

What is the main advantage of using a VPN?

Answer 6

Enhanced network performance

Question 7

Which firewall type can inspect the contents of packets?

Answer 7

• Stateful inspection firewall
• Application-level gateway firewall

BOTH B AND C

Question 8

a common security concern with VPNs

Answer 8

Vulnerability to man-in-the-middle attacks

Question 9

What is the key difference between firewalls and intrusion detection systems (IDS)?

Answer 9

Firewalls prevent attacks, while IDS detects attacks

Question 10

This is NOT a common VPN use case

Answer 10

Increasing network bandwidth

Question 11

The primary function of an Intrusion Detection System (IDS)

Answer 11

To detect and alert on potential security threats

Question 12

This type of IDS analyzes network traffic patterns to identify anomalies

Answer 12

Anomaly-based IDS

Question 13

What is the primary difference between an IDS and an Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)?

Answer 13

IDSs detect threats, while IPSs both detect and prevent threats

Question 14

common challenge associated with IDPS implementation

Answer 14

• High cost
• False positives
• Complex configuration

ALL OF THE ABOVE

Question 15

What do attackers use as a common technique to bypass traditional security measures?

Answer 15

• Phishing
• SQL injection
• Zero-day attacks

ALL OF THE ABOVE

Question 16

This security tool analyzes network traffic and identifies potential threats

Answer 16

Intrusion Detection System (IDS)

Question 17

the primary purpose of a firewall?

Answer 17

To prevent unauthorized access to a network

Question 18

This security tool monitors user activity and identifies potential insider threats

Answer 18

Security Information and Event Management (SIEM)

Question 19

a common vulnerability scanning tool

Answer 19

Nessus

Question 20

Which security principle involves minimizing the number of systems with Administrative privileges?

Answer 20

Least privilege

Question 21

What is the process of converting plaintext into ciphertext called

Answer 21

Encryption

Question 22

This cryptographic technique uses a single key for encryption and decryption?

Answer 22

Private-key cryptography

Question 23

This is a widely used symmetric-key encryption algorithm

Answer 23

AES

Question 24

the primary weakness of symmetric-key cryptography

Answer 24

Key distribution

Question 25

In public-key cryptography, which key is used to encrypt messages

Answer 25

Public key

Question 26

This is a common use case for public-key cryptography

Answer 26

Digital signatures

Question 27

What is the primary purpose of a hash function

Answer 27

To create a fixed-size digest of data

Question 28

Which property of hash functions ensures that it’s computationally infeasible to find two different inputs that produce the same hash output

Answer 28

Collision resistance

Question 29

A brute-force attack involves

Answer 29

Guessing the key systematically

Question 30

What is a man-in-the-middle attack

Answer 30

An attack where the attacker intercepts communication between two parties