Midterm Exam Flashcards
Psychological theory which
asserts that the perception and conception of beauty is conditioned
by the subconscious mind.
Psychoanalytic theory of beauty
Psychologist (1856-1939) considered to be
father of psychoanalysis. He formulated the theory of the
subconscious mind.
Sigmund Freud
Psychologist (1875-1961) who formulated the theory
of collective consciousness and the archetypes.
Carl Jung
Terrifying experience of a child whose memory lies in
the subconscious mind, and which conditions the perception and
conception of ugly things.
Trauma
Considered as the storage room of
everything that is currently NOT in
your conscious mind.
Subconscious mind
The ___________________ stores all of
your previous life experiences, your
beliefs, your memories, you skills, all
situations you’ve been through and
all images you’ve ever seen.
Subconscious mind
Father of Psychoanalysis
Theory of the Subconscious Mind
Sigmund Freud
1856-1939
Theory of the
Collective Consciousness
Carl Jung
1875-1961
3 Levels of Awareness
Conscious
Preconscious
Unconscious
- Current contents of
your mind that you
actively think of - What we call working
memory - Easily accessed all the
time
Conscious
- Contents of the mind
you are not currently
aware of - Thoughts, memories,
knowledge, wishes,
feelings - Available for easy
access when needed
Preconscious
- Contents kept out of
conscious awareness - Not accessible at all
- Processes that actively
keep these thoughts
from awareness
Unconscious
Freudian Components of Personality
The Id
The Ego
The Superego
- Resides completely at the
unconscious level - Acts under the pleasure
principle
– immediate gratification,
not willing to compromise
– Generates all of the
personality’s energy
Id
- The moralist and idealistic part of
the personality - Resides in preconscious
- Operates on “ideal principle”
– Begins forming at 4-5 yrs of age
– initially formed form environment
and others (society, family etc)
– Internalized conventions and
morals - Essentially your “conscience”
Superego
- Resides in all levels of
awareness - Operates under “reality
principle” - Attempts negotiation
between Id and Superego
to satisfy both realistically
Ego
Various ways to show Conflicts of Personality Components
– Slips of tongue (“Freudian slip”)
– Dreams
– Jokes
– Anxiety
– Defense Mechanisms
_______________ are ancient or archaic images that derive from the collective unconscious
Archetypes
- Jung’s most distinctive concept.
- Emotionally toned experiences derived from ancestors.
- Responsible for myths, legends, and religious beliefs.
- Refers not to the inherited ideas but to man’s innate tendency to act in a certain way whenever experience stimulates a biologically- inherited response tendency.
- Contains the “archetypes”.
Collective Unconscious
- which is the side of personality that people
show to the world. - Not necessarily the same as the public face that
one shows others
Persona
- consists of morally objectionable tendencies as well as a
number of constructive qualities that we are reluctant
to face - archetype of darkness and repression, representing the
qualities that we do not wish to acknowledge but
attempt to hide from ourselves and others
Shadow
- feminine side of men and originates in the collective
unconscious as an archetype and remains extremely
resistant to consciousness - Jung believed that the ____ originated from early
men’s experiences with women including mothers,
sisters, and lovers which combine into the concept of
women.
Anima
- masculine side of women and originates in the collective
unconscious as an archetype that, too, is resistant to
consciousness - symbolic of thinking and reasoning and is capable of
influencing the thinking of women yet it does not belong
to her
Animus
- derivative of the animus and anima
- The _______ represents the opposing
forces of fertility and nourishment on the one
hand and power and destruction on the other
Great Mother
- representative of wisdom and meaning, and
symbolizes human’s pre-existing knowledge of
the mysteries of life - unconscious and cannot be directly experienced
by the individual
Wise Old Man
- represented in mythology and legends as a
powerful person, sometimes part god, and one
who fights evil - hero serves as a model for the ideal personality
Hero
- The most comprehensive of all archetypes, ________is the archetypes of archetypes because it
pulls together the other archetypes and unites
them in the process of self-realization.
The Self
Theory which stresses that beauty of an
object is determined by the relationship of the parts that composed
the whole according to some objective principles.
Aesthetic Formalism
Fundamental principle of beauty which refers to the whole
divided into parts.
Order
Fundamental principle of beauty which refers to the
parts composing the whole.
Structure
Specific principle of beauty which refers to the
relationship of the parts with one another.
Proportion
Specific principle of beauty which refers to the whole in
relation with itself.
Integrity
Individual principle of beauty which refers to the
number of parts which composed the whole. The lesser number
of parts, the more simple.
Simplicity
Philosophical basis of aesthetic formalism. It
asserts that everything is ultimately composed of primary
matter and substantial form.
Hylomorphism
Ancient Greek thinker & philosopher (384-322 BC)
who theorized about the basis of hylomorphism.
Aristotle
Medieval theologian and philosopher
(1225-1274) who developed the theory of hylomorphism by
Aristotle. He wrote the Summa Theologica.
Thomas Aquinas
Everything is composed of
FORM and MATTER
substance accidents
(chairness) (blue, wooden)
ESSENCE SENSE DATA
Hylomorphism
A Study on the
Canons of Human
Proportion According
to Vitruvius
Leonardo
Vitruvian Man
1490
The circle in this painting represents the spiritual nature of the world, its infinite and eternal dimension
Zen Circle Painting
He believes that his composition expresses the spiritual quality of art
Kandinsky
Several Circles
1926
SQUARE HALO
It means that
Jesus is on earth,
the material world.
El Greco Christ Carrying the Cross
1578
STYLE
Suprematism
Malevich
Red Square
1915
Division of a line so that the whole is
to the greater part as that part is to the smaller part.
Golden Section
Geometric relationship between two
quantities in which the ratio of the sum of the quantities to
the larger quantity is equal. By numerical computation, the
ratio is equivalent to 1:1.618.
Golden Ratio
Rectangle whose side lengths are
in the golden ratio.
Golden Rectangle
To achieve formal design,
the following principles
are applied
Harmony
Variety
Balance
Dominance
Design lacking in Feature
Monotony
Design excessing in Feature
Redundancy
It is the EQUALITY in
attention or attraction
of visual elements in
the picture-plane
Balance
Suggests
Life
Vertical
Suggests
Peace
and Rest
Horizontal
Suggests
Movement
Radial
Same elements
on both sides
Symmetrical
Different elements on both sides Kinds of balance according to the placement of elements
Asymmetrical
It is a way of emphasizing
a particular element
over the others.
Dominance
Three Ways of Producing Dominance
Centralizing
Highlighting
Focusing
Placing at the center of the picture plane
the part to be emphasized
Centralizing
Use of standing size or color
on the part to be emphasized
Highlighting
Using elements to create movement directed
towards the part to be emphasized
Focusing
