Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Communication Skills > Midterm Exam > Flashcards

Midterm Exam Flashcards

1
Q

To whom did the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1990 originally apply to?

A

Medicaid beneficiaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What 3 duties, as detailed by the Omnibus budget reconciliation act, are pharmacists responsible for?

A
  1. Prospective Drug Utilization Review (ProDUR)
  2. Patient counseling
  3. Maintaining patient records
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name a few topics covered in a prospective drug utilization review

A
  1. over/under utilization
  2. duplicate therapy
  3. DD interactions
  4. drug-allergy interactions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

List of topics covered during a patient counseling session as required by the Omnibus budget reconciliation act.

A
  1. Offer to counsel (if refusal, must be in writing)
  2. name of drug
  3. intended use and expected action
  4. ROA, dosage form, dosage
  5. SE
  6. how to self-monitor drug therapy
  7. proper storage
  8. potential DD or drug-food interactions
    9 refill info
  9. what to do if missed dose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define medication error.

A

Any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm while the medication is in the control of the healthcare professional, patient, or consumer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name two general causes of medication errors

A
  1. systems

2. people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

True or false - there can be written and verbal communication errors between pharmacist and patients, AND pharmacists and healthcare professionals?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name a few strategies to improve communication and prevent medication errors

A
  1. tall man lettering
  2. clear drug labels
  3. physician order entry typed/electronic or e-prescriptions
  4. no abbreviations or trailing zeros
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the three goals of counseling?

A
  1. provide information
  2. enhance patient’s understanding of their illness and meds
  3. Increase likeliness of adherence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of information would you collect to prepare for a new patient counseling session?

A
  1. allergies
  2. adherence with other meds
  3. OTC med use
  4. other Rx meds
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the three prime questions of the consultation process?

A
  1. what were you told the medications for?
  2. how are you told to take the medication?
  3. what were you told to expect from the medication?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are some potential issues that can impede or prevent a successful counseling session?

A
  1. patient in a rush
  2. age
  3. cultural diff
  4. family
  5. socioeconomic status
  6. language diff.
  7. illiteracy/low health literacy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the main components involved in conducting a medication history?

A
  1. Introducing yourself
  2. chief complaint and HPI
  3. allergies
  4. meds prior to admission (Rx, OTC, herbal)
  5. vaccination history
  6. social habits
  7. patient adherence assessment
  8. answer any patient questions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When conducting a medication history what questions must be asked for OTC and herbal products?

A
  1. what do you take the OTC/herbal for?
  2. what dose, frequency? (if prn must determine frequency)
  3. any SE from OTC/herbal?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name three barriers to communication in pharmacy counseling

A
  1. environmental (raised pharmacy)
  2. personal (shy pharmacist)
  3. administrative/time (corporate influence)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name a few potential communication problems in the elderly population

A
  1. poly-pharmacy
  2. slower learning
  3. bad short term memory
  4. hearing loss
17
Q

Define adherence

A

the extent to which a person’s behavior corresponds with agreed recommendations from a health care provider (taking meds, following diet, lifestyle changes)

18
Q

What percent of patients do not take their medications as prescribed?

A

> 50%

19
Q

How many prescriptions out of five new prescriptions go unfilled?

A

1 out of 5

20
Q

In what types of patients do you find the lowest adherence?

A

patients with chronic illness

21
Q

How many Americans die annually due to poor medication adherence?

A

125,000

22
Q

Name some factors associated with adherence/non-adherence

A
  1. patient perception of condition
  2. SE
  3. cost
  4. immediate threat of condition
  5. family and friends influence
23
Q

Name for interventions to improve patient adherence

A
  1. educate patient
  2. better communication between physician and patient
  3. improved dosing schedule (make less frequent)
  4. increase hours at clinic
24
Q

How can you DIRECTLY measure adherence?

A
  1. directly observe therapy (physically watch them take pill)
  2. measure [drug] or [metabolite] in blood or urine
  3. detection in blood of biological marker added to drug formulation
25
Q

How can you INDIRECTLY measure adherence?

A
  1. ask patient how easy it is to take meds
  2. assess clinical response
  3. pill counts
  4. refill history
  5. patient questionnaires
  6. measure physiologic markers (BP, HR)
    7 check pt diary
26
Q

What is the most common method used to measure inherence other than patient questioning?

A

pill counts (indirect)

27
Q

Which method used to measure adherence provides the most accurate and valuable data on adherence in difficult clinical situations and in settings of clinical trials and it adherence research?

A

electronic monitoring

28
Q

What phenomenon has patients improving their medication taking behavior in the five days before and after an appointment with the healthcare provider?

A

white-coat adherence

29
Q

How can you improve a patient’s dosing schedule?

A
  1. pill boxes
  2. once daily dosing
  3. cues to remind patient to take meds
30
Q

In the treatment of hypertension simplifying instructions to the patient and medication schedules is essential. What has been found to be more important in promoting adherence; minimizing the total number of daily doses or minimizing the total number of medications?

A

minimizing the total number of daily doses

31
Q

What 2 things combined have shown success in psychiatric patients following medication regimen?

A

educational interventions (involving patient and family) and reinforcement technique (reward)

32
Q

What agents are often the treatment of choice for patients with schizophrenia who are not adhering to a regimen of oral agents?

A

depot neuroleptic agents

33
Q

True or false rates of adherence to medication regimens among children with chronic diseases are similar to those among adults with chronic diseases?

A

True

Communication Skills (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions