Midterm Exam Flashcards
The association designed to bring together project management professionals and systematically capture project management knowledge is called:
A. The Knowledge Association
B. Project Management Professionals Association
C. Project Management Institute
D. Project Managers Institute
E. PM Knowledge Organization
C. Project Management Institute
A planned undertaking of related activities to reach an objective that has a beginning and an end is called: A. An undertaking B. A project C. A program D. A portfolio E. A campaign
B. A project
Projects are: A. Temporary B. Typically ongoing C. Never successful D. To be avoided E. Indefinite
A. Temporary
A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a person who has an interest in a new or existing project. A. Stakeholder B. customer C. project sponsor D. project management professional E. project manager
A. Stakeholder
A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ provides high level support for a project. A. stakeholder B. customer C. project sponsor D. project management professional E. project manager
C. project sponsor
The project sponsor has the responsibility of making sure that the project is given the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ for its successful completion. A. organizational structure B. technical skills C. managerial oversight D. resources necessary E. political support
D. resources necessary
A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is responsible for initiating, planning, executing, controlling, and closing down a project. A. stakeholder B. customer C. project sponsor D. project management professional E. project manager
E. project manager
Information systems projects are undertaken to take advantage of business opportunities and to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. improve business processes B. solve business problems C. attain business objectives D. automate business processes E. reduce personnel
B. solve business problems
Analyzing the scope of a project and determining the probability of success is called: A. Scope determination. B. Success analysis. C. Feasibility study. D. Project audit. E. Scope-success study.
C. Feasibility study.
What is NOT unique about IT projects:
A. The technological context is in constant flux.
B. Extensive amounts of user involvement need to be managed.
C. The solutions being attempted may never have been done before.
D. A variety of different stakeholders has to be managed.
E. Unclear requirements are commonplace
D. A variety of different stakeholders has to be managed.
The process used for executing the project management plan is called: A. Project management methodology B. Project life cycle C. PRINCE2 D. PMBOK E. SDLC
A. Project management methodology
The phases a project goes through from concept to completion are referred to as: A. Project management methodology B. Project life cycle C. PRINCE2 D. PMBOK E. SDLC
B. Project life cycle
A repository on the key project management knowledge areas is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. Project management methodology B. Project life cycle C. PRINCE2 D. PMBOK E. SDLC
D. PMBOK
Project management process groups include all EXCEPT: A. initiating. B. executing. C. planning. D. monitoring. E. abandoning.
E. abandoning.
There are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ major project management process groups. A. three B. four C. five D. six E. seven
D. six
The phases a project goes through from concept to completion are called: A. project life cycle. B. systems development life cycle. C. rapid application development. D. agile life cycle E. predictive life cycle.
A. project life cycle.
Which activity is NOT part of the planning process? A. Scope planning. B. Time planning. C. Risk planning. D. Cost planning E. Closedown planning.
E. Closedown planning.
A bar chart showing the start and end dates for the activities of a project is called: A. Gantt chart. B. Network diagram. C. Work breakdown structure. D. Project break down structure E. Project activity chart.
A. Gantt chart.
A schematic display that illustrates the various tasks in a project, as well as their sequential relationship is called: A. Gantt chart. B. Network diagram. C. Work breakdown structure. D. Project breakdown structure E. Predecessor-successor diagram.
B. Network diagram.
Processes in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ process group are concerned with authorizing the continuation of an existing project or the start of a new project. A. Initiating B. planning C. executing D. monitoring and controlling E. closing
A. Initiating
Processes in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ process group are concerned with planning scope, time, cost, and risk. A. initiating B. planning C. executing D. monitoring and controlling E. closing
B. planning
Processes in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ process group are concerned with completing the actual project deliverables. A. initiating B. planning C. executing D. monitoring and controlling E. closing
C. executing
Processes in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ process group are concerned with measuring performance and progress and comparing these against planned performance and progress. A. initiating B. planning C. executing D. monitoring and controlling E. closing
D. monitoring and controlling
Processes in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ process group are concerned with finalizing all paperwork and having all responsible parties sign off on the phase or project. A. initiating B. planning C. executing D. monitoring and controlling E. closing
E. closing
The Project Management Body of Knowledge (6th ed.) contains \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ core areas. A. five B. eight C. nine D. ten E. twelve
A. five
The project management core area including develop project management plan, direct and manage project work, and perform integrated change control is called: A. project integration management. B. project scope management. C. project schedule management. D. project cost management. E. project quality management.
A. project integration management.
The project management core area including plan scope management, define scope, and control scope is called: A. project integration management. B. project scope management. C. project schedule management. D. project cost management. E. project quality management.
B. project scope management.
The project management core area including plan schedule management, define activities, and sequence activities is called: A. project integration management. B. project scope management. C. project schedule management. D. project cost management. E. project quality management.
C. project schedule management.
The project management core area including estimate costs, determine budget, and control costs is called: A. project integration management. B. project risk management. C. project scope management. D. project cost management. E. project quality management.
D. project cost management.
The project management core area including plan quality management, manage quality, and control quality is called: A. project integration management. B. project risk management. C. project scope management. D. project cost management. E. project quality management.
E. project quality management.
The project management core area including acquire resources, develop team, and manage team is called: A. project resource management. B. project communications management. C. project risk management. D. project procurement management. E. project stakeholder management.
A. project resource management.
The project management core area including plan communications management, manage communications, and monitor communications is called: A. project resource management. B. project communications management. C. project risk management. D. project procurement management. E. project stakeholder management
B. project communications management.
The project management core area including plan risk management, identify risks, and implement risk responses is called: A. project resource management. B. project communications management. C. project risk management. D. project procurement management. E. project stakeholder management
C. project risk management.
The project management core area including plan procurement management, conduct procurements, and control procurements is called: A. project resource management. B. project communications management. C. project risk management. D. project procurement management. E. project stakeholder management.
D. project procurement management.
The project management core area including identify stakeholders, plan stakeholder engagement, and monitor stakeholder engagement is called: A. project resource management. B. project communications management. C. project risk management. D. project procurement management. E. project stakeholder management.
E. project stakeholder management.
Project success is the degree to which project objectives have been achieved:
A. within budget, on time, and with the agreed upon quality.
B. on time, within budget, and with the agreed upon scope.
C. with the agreed upon quality and scope and on time.
D. on time, within budget, and with the agreed upon quality and scope.
E. within budget, and with the agreed upon quality and scope.
D. on time, within budget, and with the agreed upon quality and scope.
Which factor is not among the primary reasons for project failure? A. Lack of user involvement B. Lack of resources C. Complete requirements D. Unrealistic expectations E. Lack of executive support
C. Complete requirements
Failure can take place _________ of a project.
A. in processes in the initiating process group
B. in processes in the planning process group
C. in processes in the execution process group
D. in processes in the closing process group
E. in processes in the any process group
E. in processes in the any process group
Authorizing the continuation of a non-viable project is a potential cause for failure happening in the:
A. initiating process group.
B. planning process group.
C. executing process group.
D. monitoring and controlling process group.
A. initiating process group.
Failure to correctly estimate costs, time, or complexity of a project usually happens in the:
A. initiating process group.
B. planning process group.
C. executing process group.
D. monitoring and controlling process group.
E. closing process group.
B. planning process group.
Errors made when estimating the expected or actual performance of the project, resulting in an inaccurate picture of the project status, happen in the:
A. initiating process group.
B. planning process group.
C. executing process group.
D. monitoring and controlling process group.
E. closing process group.
C. executing process group.
Errors made when closing contracts for eternally purchased goods or services happen in the:
A. initiating process group.
B. planning process group.
C. executing process group.
D. monitoring and controlling process group.
E. closing process group.
E. closing process group.
The Gantt chart was developed:
A. during the building of the pyramids.
B. in the early 19th century.
C. by a management consultant named Henry Gantt.
D. during the grand American nuclear test track project
E. during the Manhattan project.
C. by a management consultant named Henry Gantt.
A method used for determining the sequence of task activities that directly affect the completion of a project is called:
A. critical path method.
B. program evaluation and review technique.
C. activity sequence determination.
D. critical activity method.
E. critical chain method
A. critical path method.
A technique that uses optimistic, pessimistic, and realistic time to calculate the expected time for a particular task is called: A. critical path method. B. three-point estimating. C. OPR method. D. weighted averaging E. expected completion time analysis.
B. three-point estimating.
The phases of managing a project are called: A. systems development life cycle. B. project life cycle. C. predictive life cycle. D. agile life cycle. E. waterfall life cycle.
B. project life cycle.
Most project life cycles share the following characteristics:
A. cost and staffing levels are low at the start, higher at the end, and drop rapidly as the project nears an end.
B. cost levels are low at the start, higher at the end, and drop rapidly as the project nears an end, but staffing levels remain constant.
C. staffing levels are low at the start, higher at the end, and drop rapidly as the project nears an end, but costs stay constant.
D. cost and staffing levels are high right from and only drop as the project nears an end.
E. cost and staffing levels are low at the start, higher at the end, and slowly level off as the project nears an end.
A. cost and staffing levels are low at the start, higher at the end, and drop rapidly as the
Projects are divided into smaller parts called: A. phases. B. stages. C. gates. D. parts. E. deliverables.
A. phases.
The review points at the end of each stage are called: A. phase gates. B. end reviews. C. project termination. D. exits. E. point of no return.
A. phase gates.
The four phases of the systems development life cycle include all EXCEPT: A. planning and selection. B. analysis C. design. D. implementation. E. bug fixing.
E. bug fixing.
The four phases of the systems development (in the correct order) are:
A. planning and selection, analysis, design, implementation.
B. analysis, planning and selection, design, implementation.
C. analysis, implementation, planning and selection, design.
D. planning and selection, design, analysis, implementation.
E. planning and selection, analysis, implementation, design.
A. planning and selection, analysis, design, implementation.
Some systems analysts consider the life cycle to be: A. a system. B. a spiral. C. a circle D. a pentagram. E. an ellipse.
B. a spiral.
The phase of the systems development life cycle where the need for a new system is identified and the scope is determined is called: A. systems planning. B. systems identification. C. scope determination. D. scope verification E. initiation phase.
A. systems planning.
The second phase of the systems development life cycle is called: A. systems requirements determination. B. systems analysis. C. systems alternative generation. D. systems identification E. systems selection.
B. systems analysis.
The second phase of the systems development life cycle encompasses all EXCEPT: A. Determine requirements. B. Structure requirements. C. Generate alternatives. D. Compare alternatives. E. Design requirements.
E. Design requirements.
The third phase of the systems development life cycle is called: A. logical design. B. systems design. C. physical design. D. systems testing. E. systems conversion.
B. systems design.
Specifications which focus on the origin, flow, and processing of data in a system, but are not tied to any specific hardware and systems software platform are called: A. logical design. B. systems design. C. physical design. D. systems testing. E. systems conversion.
A. logical design.
Structured systems design that can be broken down into smaller and smaller units for conversion into instructions written in a programming language is called: A. logical design. B. systems design. C. physical design. D. systems testing. E. systems conversion.
C. physical design.
The fourth phase of the systems development life cycle is called: A. systems conversion. B. coding. C. Code generation. D. systems implementation. E. systems installation.
D. systems implementation.
Systems implementation includes all EXCEPT: A. coding. B. testing. C. installation. D. creating technical documentation E. maintenance.
D. creating technical documentation
Iterations of the systems development life cycle (after a system has been built) are called: A. systems operation. B. maintenance iterations C. bug fixing. D. systems maintenance. E. systems modification.
D. systems maintenance.
All of the following are examples of enterprise environmental factors, EXCEPT: A. organizational culture. B. rules and regulations. C. organizational structure. D. project management office E. internationalization.
E. internationalization.
What is NOT a common organizational structure? A. Functional B. Projectized C. Weak matrix D. Strong matrix E. Departmental
E. Departmental
A functional organizational structure is sometimes thought of as resembling a: A. pyramid. B. matrix. C. square. D. circle. E. network.
A. pyramid.
The organizational unit created to centralize and coordinate projects within an organization is called: A. coordination bureau. B. project management office. C. project coordination center. D. project organization office. E. project center
B. project management office.
Social, economic, and environmental influences include all EXCEPT:
A. standards and regulations.
B. internationalization.
C. culture.
D. social-economic-environmental sustainability
E. enterprise environmental factors.
E. enterprise environmental factors.
A document approved by a recognized body that provides, for common and repeated use, rules, guidelines, or characteristics for products, processes, or services with which compliance is not mandatory is called: A. regulation. B. standard. C. declaration. D. agreement. E. guideline.
B. standard.
A document that specifies product, process, or service characteristics, including the applicable administrative provisions, with which compliance is mandatory is called: A. regulation. B. standard. C. declaration. D. agreement. E. guideline.
A. regulation.
What is NOT a characteristic of a Gantt chart?
A. A Gantt chart visually shows the duration of tasks.
B. A Gantt chart shows when a task should begin and when it should end.
C. A Gantt chart shows the time overlap of tasks.
D. A Gantt chart can visually show slack times available.
E. A Gantt chart clearly shows how tasks must be ordered.
E. A Gantt chart clearly shows how tasks must be ordered.
What is NOT characteristic of a network diagram?
A. A network diagram visually shows the sequence dependencies between tasks.
B. A network diagram visually shows the duration of tasks.
C. A network diagram shows which tasks can be done in parallel.
D. A network diagram shows how activities can be ordered.
E. A network diagram shows slack time within activity rectangles.
B. A network diagram visually shows the duration of tasks.
Persons, groups of people, pieces of equipment, or materials used in accomplishing an activity are called: A. resources. B. assets. C. provisions. D. requirements. E. supplies.
A. resources.
The shortest time in which a project can be completed is shown by the: A. shortest path. B. critical path. C. critical chain. D. longest path. E. crucial path
B. critical path.
The amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the project is called: A. slack time. B. free time. C. delay time. D. lag time. E. lead time
A. slack time.
The amount of time a task can be delayed without delaying the early start of any immediately following task is called: A. total slack. B. free slack. C. overall slack. D. optional slack. E. mandatory slack.
B. free slack.
The amount of time a task can be delayed without delaying the completion of the project is called: A. total slack. B. free slack. C. overall slack. D. optional slack. E. mandatory slack.
A. total slack.
The technique that uses optimistic, pessimistic, and realistic time to calculate the expected time for a particular task is called: A. OPR technique. B. Weighted averaging. C. Three-point estimating. D. Duration averaging. E. Expected time technique.
C. Three-point estimating.
The PMBOK organizes project management processes into \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ groups. A. three B. four C. five D. six E. seven
C. five
A series of continuous actions that bring about a particular result, end, or condition is called a: A. program. B. process. C. project. D. activity sequence. E. continuum.
B. process.
Develop project charter is part of which process group? A. Initiating. B. Planning. C. Executing. D. Controlling. E. Closing.
A. Initiating.
Define activities is part of which process group? A. Initiating. B. Planning. C. Executing. D. Controlling. E. Closing
B. Planning.
Estimate risks is part of which process group? A. Initiating. B. Planning. C. Executing. D. Controlling. E. Closing.
B. Planning.
Developing project team is part of which process group? A. Initiating. B. Planning. C. Executing. D. Controlling. E. Closing
C. Executing.
Conduct procurement is part of which process group? A. Initiating. B. Planning. C. Executing. D. Controlling. E. Closing.
C. Executing.
Manage communications is part of which process group? A. Initiating. B. Planning. C. Executing. D. Controlling. E. Closing.
C. Executing.
Validate scope is part of which process group? A. Initiating. B. Planning. C. Executing. D. Controlling. E. Closing.
D. Controlling.
Manage project team is part of which process group? A. Initiating. B. Planning. C. Executing. D. Controlling. E. Closing.
C. Executing.
Control quality is part of which process group? A. Initiating. B. Planning. C. Executing. D. Controlling. E. Closing.
D. Controlling.
Close project or phase is part of which process group? A. Initiating. B. Planning. C. Executing. D. Controlling. E. Closing.
E. Closing.
What is NOT one of the five stages of project team development? A. forming B. storming C. informing D. norming E. adjourning
C. informing
During \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, team members get to know each other and establish team goals and work assignments. A. Forming B. performing C. adjourning D. norming E. storming
A. Forming
During \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, team members struggle to establish goals, power, and leadership roles. A. forming B. performing C. adjourning D. norming E. storming
E. storming
During \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, teams develop a sense of common purpose and specify normal operating procedures. A. forming B. performing C. adjourning D. norming E. storming
D. norming
During \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, actual project work is rapidly undertaken by the team. A. forming B. performing C. adjourning D. norming E. storming
B. performing
During \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, team members wrap up the project’s final activities. A. forming B. performing C. adjourning D. norming E. storming
C. adjourning
Which is NOT among the four types of factors leading to effective teams? A. work design B. composition C. context D. process E. conformity
E. conformity
Which factor(s) of work design was NOT listed as being highly motivating for project team member performance? A. autonomy B. skill variety C. task identity D. significance E. group think
E. group think
What is NOT among the contextual factors important for achieving high team performance? A. leadership B. management C. trust D. performance evaluations E. rewards
B. management
An individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal is called: A. leadership. B. drive. C. determination. D. competitiveness. E. motivation
E. motivation
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ refers to how hard someone tries to attain a goal. A. Intensity B. Persistence C. Drive D. Competitiveness E. Determination
A. Intensity
Motivation refers to an individual’s ________ of effort toward attaining a goal.
A. intensity, direction, and persistence
B. determination, direction, and persistence
C. intensity, drive, and competitiveness
D. competitiveness, direction, and persistence
E. competitiveness, direction, and determination
A. intensity, direction, and persistence
Motivation can be used to explain everything EXCEPT: A. job satisfaction. B. absenteeism. C. turnover. D. work productivity. E. team cohesion.
E. team cohesion.
The general attitude a person has toward his or her job is called: A. job satisfaction. B. happiness. C. job attitude. D. content. E. emotional well-being.
A. job satisfaction.
The rate at which people voluntarily or involuntarily leave an organization is called: A. quitting. B. downsizing. C. attrition. D. turnover. E. resignation.
D. turnover.
Which of the following theories of motivation is NOT considered a need theory? A. hierarchy of needs B. ERG Theory C. theory X D. theory of needs E. two factor theory
C. theory X
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs includes all EXCEPT: A. physiological needs. B. safety needs. C. psychological needs. D. esteem needs. E. self-actualization.
C. psychological needs.
The lowest level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is called: A. physiological needs. B. safety needs. C. psychological needs. D. esteem needs. E. self-actualization.
A. physiological needs.