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Midterm Drugz Flashcards

1
Q

Diazepam (Valium) MOA

A

Binds to benzodiazepine receptor which enhances the effects of GABA

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2
Q

Diazepam Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: seizures, alcohol withdrawal, anxiety

Contraindications: sensitivity, CNS and respiratory depression,shock, coma, head injury

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3
Q

Diazepam Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: CNS and respiratory depression, ALOC, N/V, hypotension, drowsiness, headache

Class: D

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4
Q

Diazepam Dose and Route

A

SIVP, IO, IM

Adult: 5-10 mg
Peds: 0.3-0.5 mg/kg

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5
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan) MOA

A

Binds to benzodiazepine receptor which enhances the effects of GABA

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6
Q

Lorazepam Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: seizures, agitation, anxiety, alcohol withdrawal

Contraindications: sensitivity, CNS and respiratory depression, hypotension

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7
Q

Lorazepam Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side effects: CNS and respiratory depression, ALOC, N/V, hypotension, drowsiness, headache, blurred vision

Class: D

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8
Q

Lorazepam Dose and Route

A

SIVP, IO, IM

Adult: 2-4 mg (max 4 mg)
Peds: 0.1 mg/kg (max 2 mg)

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9
Q

Midazolam (Versed) MOA

A

Binds to benzodiazepine receptor which enhances the effects of GABA

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10
Q

Midazolam Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: seizures, sedation, psychosis

Contra: sensitivity, shock, coma, glaucoma

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11
Q

Midazolam Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: CNS and respiratory depression, ALOC, N/V, hypotension, drowsiness, headache

Class: D

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12
Q

Ketamine (ketalar) MOA

A

Alters perception of pain by blocking afferent impulses to the CNS
-anesthetic and analgesic

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13
Q

Ketamine Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: pain, sedation, excited delirium

Contra: sensitivity, stroke, HTN, cardiac instability

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14
Q

Ketamine Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: HTN, increased HR, hallucinations, delusions

Class: not assigned

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15
Q

Fentanyl (Sublimaze) MOA

A

Opiate receptor agonist

-produces analgesia and euphoria

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16
Q

Fentanyl Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: pain management, anesthesia adjunct

Contra: sensitivity

Caution with TBI

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17
Q

Fentanyl Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: CNS and respiratory depression, ALOC, N/V, Dysrhythmias, hypotension, delirium

Class: C

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18
Q

Fentanyl Dose and Route

A

Rapid IN, SIVP, IO, IM

1 mcg/kg (max 150 mcg)

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19
Q

Morphine (Raxonal) MOA

A

Opiate receptor agonist

  • peripheral vasodilation effects
  • decreases preload and afterload
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20
Q

Morphine Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: moderate to severe pain, pulmonary edema, acute coronary syndrome

Contra: sensitivity, hypovolemia, hypotension, head injury, MAOI taken within 14 days

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21
Q

Morphine Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: CNS and respiratory depression, ALOC, N/V, Dysrhythmias, hypotension

Class: C

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22
Q

Ondansetron (Zofran) MOA

A

5-HT3 receptor antagonist

-low affinity for dopamine receptors

23
Q

Ondansetron Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: N/V

Contra: sensitivity, 1st trimester, prolonged QT interval

24
Q

Ondansetron Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: headache, drowsiness, weakness

Class: B

25
Q

Ondansetron Dose and Route

A

PO, IV, IO, IM

Adults: 4-8 mg
Peds: 0.15 mg/kg

26
Q

Promethazine (Phenergan) MOA

A

Blocks histamine-1 receptors
(which alters brain’s wish to vomit)
-antiemetic, antihistamine

27
Q

Promethazine Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: N/V

Contra: hypersensitivity, pregnancy/lactating mother, BPH, glaucoma, COPD, HTN

28
Q

Promethazine Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: CNS depression, Dysrhythmias, ALOC, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, blurred vision

Class: C

29
Q

Promethazine Dose and Route

A

IV and IO mixed with 100 mL of NS, IM (not peds), PO

Adult: 12.5-25 mg
Peds: 0.25-1 mg/kg NOT IM

34
Q

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) MOA

A

Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

-analgesic and antipyretic

35
Q

Acetaminophen Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: mild to moderate pain, fever

Contra: sensitivity

Caution with renal and liver failure pts

36
Q

Acetaminophen Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: N/V, hepatotoxicity

Class: B

37
Q

Acetaminophen Dose and Route

A

PO/ PR (peds)

Adult: 325-650 mg
Peds: 15 mg/kg

38
Q

Ketorolac (Toradol) MOA

A

Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis by competitive enzyme COX blocking

39
Q

Ketorolac Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: mild to moderate pain, kidney stones

Contra: ASA allergy, sensitivity, labor

40
Q

Ketorolac Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: N/V, GI bleeding, edema, HTN

Class: D

41
Q

Activated Charcoal (EZ-Char) MOA

A

Binds to and absorbs ingested toxins

42
Q

Activated Charcoal Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: ingested poisons

Contra: contact poison control!

43
Q

Activated Charcoal Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: N/V, constipation or diarrhea, black stool

Class: C

44
Q

Activated Charcoal Dose and Route

A

PO, NG TUBE

1 g/kg

45
Q

Nitrous Oxide (Nitronox) MOA

A

CNS depression with rapid pain relief

46
Q

Nitrous Oxide Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: moderate to severe pain

Contra: ALOC, respiratory depression, shock, hypotension, acute abdominal emergency

47
Q

Nitrous Oxide Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: CNS and respiratory depression, N/V, euphoria

Class: C

48
Q

Nitrous Oxide Dose and Route

A

Inhale until effects take place

49
Q

Labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate) MOA

A

Beta 1 and 2 and alpha 1 antagonist

-beta blocker

50
Q

Labetalol Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: hypertensive emergency

Contra: sensitivity, hypotension, pulmonary edema, bradycardia, heart block, uncompensated CHF

51
Q

Labetalol Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: N/V, fatigue, headache, dizziness, dyspnea, bradycardia, heart failure, pulmonary edema, orthostatic hypotension

Class: C

52
Q

Labetalol Dose and Route

A

IV, IO

20 mg (max 300 mg)
-monitor BP and HR closely
78
Q

Aspirin MOA

A

Inhibits the activity of enzymes COX-1 and COX-2 which inhibits prostaglandin synthesis.
-antipyretic, analgesic, platelet aggregation inhibitor

79
Q

Aspirin Side Effects and Pregnancy Class

A

Side Effects: anaphylaxis, angioedema, bleeding, broncospasm, stomach irritation, N/V

Class: C and D in last 3 months

80
Q

Aspirin Dose and Route

A

PO

Adult: 160-324 mg (2-4 chewable tablets)

83
Q

Aspirin Indications and Contraindications

A

Indications: cardiac related chest pain, acute coronary syndrome

Contraindications: sensitivity, allergy, GI bleeding, ulcer, hemorrhagic stroke, bleeding disorders

84
Q

Diazepam Dose and Route

A

SIVP, IO, IM, PR

Adults: 5-10 mg
Peds: 0.3-0.5 mg/kg

85
Q

Midazolam Dose and Route

A

IV, IO, IM, IN

Adults: 1-5 mg
Peds: 0.1-0.2 mg/kg (max 5 mg)

Paramedic Pharm (1 decks)

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