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Paramedic Midterm Drug Test > Midterm Drugs > Flashcards

Midterm Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Adenosine

Class

A

Antiarrhythmic, endogenous nucleotide

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2
Q

Adenosine

Mechanism of Action

A

Slows conduction time through the AV node; can interrupt re-entrant pathways; slows heart rate; acts directly on sinus pacemaker cells. The drug of choice for re-entry SVT. Can be used diagnostically for stable, wide-complex tachycardias (suspected SVT with aberrancy).

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3
Q

Adenosine

Indications

A

Regular tachycardias (narrow and wide). Conversion of PSVT to sinus rhythm. May convert re-entry SVT due to Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Not effective in converting atrial fibrillation/flutter, or V-tach.

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4
Q

Adenosine

Adverse Reactions

A

Facial flushing, shortness of breath, chest pain, headache, paresthesia, diaphoresis, palpitations, hypotension, nausea

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5
Q

Adenosine

Adult Dosing

A

6 mg over 1 – 3 seconds, followed by a 20 mL saline flush and elevate the patients extremity.
If no response after 1 – 2 minutes, administer 12 mg over 1 – 3 seconds; maximum total dose 30 mg.

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6
Q

Adenosine

Pediatric Dose

A

0.1 – 0.2 mg/kg rapid IV; maximum single dose of 12 mg.

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7
Q

Adenosine

Duration:

A

12 seconds

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8
Q

Albuterol

Class

A

Sympathomimetic, bronchodilator

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9
Q

Albuterol

Mechanism of Action

A

Selective beta-2 agonist that stimulates adrenergic receptors of the sympathetic nervous system resulting in smooth muscle relaxation in the bronchial tree and peripheral vasculature.

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10
Q

Albuterol

Indication

A

Treatment of bronchospasm in patients with reversible obstructive airway disease (COPD/Asthma). Prevention of exercise-induced asthma.

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11
Q

Albuterol

Adverse Reactions

A

Often dose-related and include restlessness, tremors, dizziness, palpitations, tachycardia, nervousness, peripheral vasodilation, nausea, vomiting, hyperglycemia, increased blood pressure, and paradoxical bronchospasm

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12
Q

Albuterol

Adult Dosing

A

Administer 2.5 mg. Dilute 0.5 mL of 0.5% solution for inhalation with 2.5 mL normal saline in nebulizer and administer over 10 – 15 minutes. MDI – 1 – 2 inhalations with 5 minutes between inhalations.

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13
Q

Albuterol

Pediatric Dose

A

Administer a solution of 0.01 – 0.03 mL diluted in 2 mL of 0.9% NS. May be repeated every 20 minutes three times.

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14
Q

Albuterol

Duration

A

Duration: 3 – 4 hours

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15
Q

Amiodarone

Class

A

Antiarrhythmic

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16
Q

Amiodarone

Mechanism of Action

A

Blocks sodium channels and myocardial potassium channels.

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17
Q

Amiodarone

Indications

A

V-fib/pulseless and unstable V-tach

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18
Q

Amiodarone

Adverse Reactions

A

Hypotension, bradycardia, prolongation of the P-R, QRS, and Q-T intervals.

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19
Q

Amiodarone
Adult Dose: V-fib/ pulseless V-tach unresponsive to CPR, defibrillation, and
vasopressors:

A

300 mg IV/IO push. Initial dose may be followed one time with in 3 – 5 minutes at 150 mg IV/IO push.

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20
Q

Amiodarone

Adult Dose: Recurrent life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias:

A

Maximum cumulative dose is 2.2 g/24 hours administered as: 150 mg IV/IO over 10 minutes (15 mg/min). May repeat rapid infusion (150 mg IV/IO) every 10 minutes as needed.

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21
Q

Amiodarone

Adult Dose: Maintenance infusion:

A

540 mg IV/IO over 18 hours (0.5 mg/min).

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22
Q

Amiodarone
Pediatric Dose:
Perfusing supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias:

A

Loading dose of 5 mg/kg IV/IO over 20 – 60 minutes with a maximum single dose of 300 mg. Can be repeated to a maximum of 15 mg/kg/day.

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23
Q

Amiodarone

Duration

A

Duration: 30 – 45 minutes

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24
Q

Amiodarone
Pediatric Dose:
Refractory V-fib/pulseless V-tach:

A

5 mg/kg IV/IO bolus, which may be repeated up to a total dose of 15 mg.kg per 24 hours. Maximum single dose is 300 mg.

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25
Q

Atropine

Class

A

Parasympatholytic-Parasympathetic blocker (Anticholinergic)

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26
Q

Atropine

Mechanism of Action

A

Potent parasympathetic blocker used to increase the heart rate in hemodynamically significant bradycardia (accompanied by hypotension, shortness of breath, chest pain, AMS, and/or shock). It blocks acetylcholine receptors, inhibiting parasympathetic stimulation. The effects are primarily chronotropic, and atropine has almost no inotropic effect. It acts as an antidote for organophosphate poisoning.

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27
Q

Atropine

Indications

A

Hemodynamically significant bradycardia with a pulse; organophosphate poisoning

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28
Q

Atropine

Adverse Reaction

A

Blurred vision, dilated pupils, dry mouth, tachycardia,

drowsiness, urinary retention, and confusion

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29
Q

Atropine

Adult Dose

A

0.5 mg IV repeated every 3-5 minutes until a maximum of 3 mg is reached.

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30
Q

Atropine

Pediatric Dose

A

0.02 mg/kg minimum dose of 0.1 mg, max single dose of 0.5 mg.

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31
Q

Atropine

Duration

A

4 hours

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32
Q

Calcium Chloride

Class

A

Electrolyte

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33
Q

Calcium Chloride

Mechanism of Action

A

Increases cardiac contractility (positive chronotropic effect) and may enhance ventricular automaticity.

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34
Q

Calcium Chloride

Indications

A

Hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia, magnesium sulfate overdose, calcium channel-blocker overdose, adjunctive therapy in treatment of insect bites and stings.

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35
Q

Calcium Chloride

Adverse Reactions

A

Bradycardia, Asystole, hypotension, peripheral vasodilation,

local necrosis, coronary and cerebral artery spasm, nausea and vomiting.

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36
Q

Calcium Chloride

Adult Dose

A

500 – 1,000 mg (5 – 10 mL of a 10% solution) IV/IO push for hyperkalemia and calcium channel-blocker overdose (repeated as needed).

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37
Q

Calcium Chloride

Pediatric Dose

A

20 mg/kg (0.2 mL/kg) slow IV/IO push. Maximum 1 g dose; may repeat in 10 minutes.

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38
Q

Calcium Chloride

Duration

A

15 – 30 minutes, but may persist up to 4 hours depending on

the dose administered.

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39
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron, Hexadrol)

Class

A

Corticosteroid

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40
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron, Hexadrol)

Mechanism of Action

A

Mechanism of action: Suppress both acute and chronic inflammation; immunosuppressive effects (especially in anaphylaxis). Possibly decreases cerebral edema.

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41
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron, Hexadrol)

Indications

A

Anaphylaxis (after epinephrine and Benadryl), asthma, COPD, croup, spinal cord injury, elevated intracranial pressure (prevention and treatment).

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42
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron, Hexadrol)

Adverse Reactions

A

GI bleeding, prolonged wound healing, TB. None from a

single dose.

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43
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron, Hexadrol)

Adult Dose

A

10-100 mg IV (1mg/kg slow IV bolus)

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44
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron, Hexadrol)

Pediatric Dose

A

0.25 – 1.0 mg/kg/dose IV, IO, and IM.

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45
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron, Hexadrol)

Duration

A

24 – 72 hours

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46
Q

Dextrose 50%

Class

A

Carbohydrate, hypertonic solution

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47
Q

Dextrose 50%

Mechanism of Action

A

Rapidly increase serum glucose levels. Short-term osmotic diuresis

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48
Q

Dextrose 50%

Indications

A

Hypoglycemia, altered level of consciousness.

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49
Q

Dextrose 50%

Adult Dose

A

12.5-25g slow IV; may be repeated as necessary

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50
Q

Dextrose 50%

Pediatric Dose

A

0.5 g/kg/dose slow IV; may be repeated as necessary

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51
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

Class

A

Benzodiazepine, anxiolytic, sedative-hypnotic, and anticonvulsant

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52
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

Mechanism of Action

A

Potentiates the effects of inhibitory neurotransmitters. Raises the seizure threshold. Includes amnesia and sedation.

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53
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

Indications

A

Acute anxiety states, acute alcohol withdrawal (delirium tremens), muscle relaxant, seizure activity, agitation. Analgesia for medical procedures (fracture reduction, cardioversion, pacing).

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54
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

Adult Dose IV

A

Seizure activity 5 – 10 mg IV q 10 – 15 minutes prn (5 mg over 5 minutes)(maximum single dose, 30 mg).

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55
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

Pediatric Dose IV

A

0.2 – 0.5 mg slow IV q 2 – 5 minutes up to 5 mg (maximum dose 10 mg/kg).

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56
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

Sedation for cardioversion:

A

5 – 15 mg IV over 5 – 10 minutes prior to cardioversion.

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57
Q 
Diltiazem Hydrochloride (Cardizem, Lyo-Ject)
Class
A

Calcium channel blocker

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58
Q 
Diltiazem Hydrochloride (Cardizem, Lyo-Ject)
Indications:
A

Control of rapid ventricular rates due to atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, and re-entry SVT; angina pectoris.

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59
Q 
Diltiazem Hydrochloride (Cardizem, Lyo-Ject)
Adult Dose
A

Initial bolus: 0.25 mg/kg (average does of 15 – 20 mg) IV over 2 minutes. If inadequate response, may repeat bolus in 15 minutes: 0.35 mg/kg (average dose 20 – 25 mg) IV over 2 minutes. Maintenance infusion of 5 – 15 mg/hr

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60
Q 
Diltiazem Hydrochloride (Cardizem, Lyo-Ject)
Pediatric Dose
A

Not recommended

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61
Q

Dopamine

Class

A

Sympathomimetic, inotropic agent

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62
Q

Dopamine

Indications:

A

Cardiogenic, septic or spinal shock, hypotension with low cardiac output states, and distributive shock.

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63
Q

Dopamine

Adult Dose

A

IV infusion at 2 – 20 mcg/kg/min titrated to effect 400 mg in 250 ml ( or 800mg/500ml or 1600mg/1000mL)

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64
Q

Dopamine

Pediatric Dose

A

2 – 20 mcg/kg/min titrated to effect

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65
Q

Dopamine

dilates vessels in kidneys; increased urine output.

A

2 – 5 mcg/kg/min:

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66
Q 
Dopamine
primarily vasoconstriction (alpha effects)
A

o 10 – 20 mcg/kg/min:

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67
Q

Dopamine

increased heart rate (beta effects)

A

o 5 – 10 mcg/kg/min:

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68
Q

Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

Class

A

Anticoagulant-low molecular weight heparin/ heparin derivative.

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69
Q

Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

Mechanism of Action

A

Deactivates thrombin. Also prevents the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.

70
Q

Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

Indications

A

Used to inhibit clot formation in ACS including STEMI, NSTEMI, and unstable angina. It is also used to prevent pulmonary embolism and DVT in patients predisposed to such problems.

71
Q

Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

Adult: STEMI:

A

Single IV bolus of 30 mg plus 1 mg/kg SQ dose followed by 1 mg/kg SQ every 12 hours (maximum 100 mg)

72
Q

Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

Pediatric Dose

A

1 mg/kg SQ

73
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000 (Adrenalin)

Class

A

Sympathomimetic

74
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000 (Adrenalin)

Mechanism of Action

A

Direct-acting alpha- and beta-agonist. Alpha: vasoconstriction. Beta-1: positive inotropic, chronotropic, and dromotropic effects. Beta-2: bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and dilation of skeletal vasculature.

75
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000 (Adrenalin)

Indications

A

Cardiac arrest (V-fib/pulseless V-tach, Asystole, PEA), anaphylaxis. Should not be used for patients who do not require extensive resuscitative efforts.

76
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000 (Adrenalin)

Pediatric Cardiac arrest:

A

IV/IO dose: 0.01 mg/kg (0.01 mL/kg) of 1:10,000 solution every 3 – 5 minutes during arrest.

77
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000 (Adrenalin)

Adult Cardiac arrest:

A 
IV/IO dose: 1 mg (10 mL of 1:10,000 solution) every 3 – 5 minutes during resuscitation. Follow each dose with 20 mL flush and evaluate arm for 10 – 20 seconds after dose.
 Higher doses (up to 0.2 mg/kg) may be administered for specific conditions (beta-blocker and calcium channel- blocker overdose).
78
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000 (Adrenalin)

Continuous infusion:

A

Add 1 mg (1 mL of 1:1,000 solution) to 500 mL of NS or D5W. Initial infusion rate of 1 mcg/min titrated to effect (typical dose 2 – 10 mcg/min).

79
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000

Profound bradycardia or hypotension:

A

2 – 10 mcg/min; titrate to patient response.

80
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000 (Adrenalin)

Duration:

A

several minutes

81
Q

Etomidate

Class

A

Sedative hypnotic

82
Q

Etomidate

Mechanism of Action

A

Ultra-short-acting sedative hypnotic

83
Q

Etomidate

Indications

A

Induction agent for RSI

84
Q

Etomidate

Dosage

A

0.1 – 0.3 mg/kg IV over 15 – 30 seconds.

85
Q 
Fentanyl Citrate (Sublimaze)
Class
A

• Class: Narcotic Analgesic

86
Q 
Fentanyl Citrate (Sublimaze)
Mechanism of Action
A

Agonist actions at the body’s opioid receptor. Increases tone and decreases smooth muscle of the GI tract.

87
Q 
Fentanyl Citrate (Sublimaze)
Indications
A

Severe pain, adjunct to RSI, and maintenance of analgesia

88
Q 
Fentanyl Citrate (Sublimaze)
Adult Dose
A

25 – 100 mcg IV, IN, IM, IO

89
Q 
Fentanyl Citrate (Sublimaze)
Pediatric Dose
A

2 – 12 years old: 1 – 2 mcg/kg/dose

90
Q

Glucagon

Mechanism of Action other than hypoglycemia

A

Unknown mechanism of stabilizing cardiac rhythm in beta-blocker overdose

91
Q

Glucagon

Indications other than hypoglycemia

A

May be used as an inotropic agent in beta-blocker overdose.

92
Q

Glucagon

Adult Beta Blocker Dose or Calcium Channel Blocker overdose

A

3 mg

initially, followed by the 3 mg/hr infusion as necessary.

93
Q

Glucagon

Pediatric Beta Blocker Dose or Calcium Channel Blocker Overdose

A

▪ Calcium channel blocker or beta-blocker overdose: Not

recommended

94
Q

Heparin

Class

A

• Class: Anti-coagulant

95
Q

Heparin

Mechanism of Action

A

Direct inhibitor of thrombin

96
Q

Heparin

Indications:

A

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), pulmonary embolism

97
Q

Heparin

Adult Dose

A

Loading: 60 units/kg (max 4,000 units IV)

Maintenance: 12 units/kg/hr (max 1,000 units/hr)

98
Q

Heparin

Pediatric Dose

A

50 units/kg followed by infusion

99
Q

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

Class

100
Q

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

Mechanism of Action

A

Central nervous system depressant, decreases sensitivity to pain

101
Q

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

Indications

A

Severe pain

102
Q

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

Adult Dose

A

1-4 mg IV, IO, IM, PO

103
Q

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

Pediatric Dose

A

0.015 mg/kg/dose

104
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

Class

A

Ultra-Short-acting nonbarbiturate hypnotic agent (dissociative anesthetic)

105
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

Mechanism of Action

A

It interrupts the pathways within the cortex and limbic system, prompting the release of endogenous catecholamines.

106
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

Indications

A

Anesthetic agent, airway maintenance, chemical restraint

107
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

Adverse Reactions

A

Hallucinations, HTN, increased ICP, tremors.

108
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

Adult Dose

A

Optimal dose is 1.5 mg/kg IV. 4-5 mg/kg IM o

109
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

Pediatric Dose

A

0.5 – 3.0 mg IV/IM

110
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

Duration:

A

10-15minutes IV-IO, 15-20 IM

111
Q 
Lidocaine Hydrochloride (Xylocaine)
Class
A

Antidysrhythmic

112
Q 
Lidocaine Hydrochloride (Xylocaine)
Mechanism of Action
A

Decreases automaticity by slowing rate of phase 4 depolarization, suppresses ventricular ectopy, and increases the fibrillation threshold

113
Q 
Lidocaine Hydrochloride (Xylocaine)
Indications
A

Malignant PVCs, V-tach (w/ or w/o a pulse), v-fib, occasionally as a pre-med for RSI

114
Q 
Lidocaine Hydrochloride (Xylocaine)
Adult:
A

Initial:1 – 1.5 mg/kg IV, IO may repeat in 5-10 min w/ 0.5 – 0.75mg/kg; to a max dose of 3 mg/kg

115
Q 
Lidocaine Hydrochloride (Xylocaine)
Stable V-tach:
A
  1. 5 – 0.75 mg /kg and up to 1 – 1.5 mg/kg. Repeat

0. 5 – 0.75 mg/kg; to a max dose of 3 mg/kg

116
Q 
Lidocaine Hydrochloride (Xylocaine)
Maintenance infusion:
A

1 – 4 mg/min diluted in either NS or D5W

117
Q 
Lidocaine Hydrochloride (Xylocaine)
Duration:
118
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Class

A

Electrolyte

119
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Mechanism of Action

A

Reduces striated muscle contractions and blocks peripheral neuromuscular transmission by reducing acetylcholine release at the myoneural junction, manages seizure in toxemia of pregnancy, induces uterine relaxation. Can cause bronchodilation after beta-agonists and anticholinergics have been used.

120
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Indications

A

Seizures of eclampsia, torsade de points, hypomagnesaemia

121
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Adult: Seizures w/ Pregnancy

A

Seizure activity associated with pregnancy: 1 – 4 g IV/IO over 3 minutes; maximum dose of 30 – 40 g/day

122
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Torsades or Cardiac Arrest due to hypomagnesemia

A

▪ Torsades de pointes or cardiac arrest due to hypomagnesaemia: 1 -2 g diluted in D5W IV/IO over 5 – 20 minutes.

123
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Torsades de pointes w/ a pulse or AMI w/ hypomagnesaemia:

A

Loading dose of 1 – 2 g mixed in 50 – 100 mL D5W over 50 – 60 minutes IV. Follow with 0.5 – 1 g/hr IV titrated to effect.

124
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Asthma:

A

1-2 g mixed in 50-100 ml given over 10-20 mins

125
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

For asthma: Pediatric

A

25 – 50 mg/kg over 10 – 20 minutes

126
Q

Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol)

Class

A

• Class: Anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid

127
Q

Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol)

Mechanism of Action

A

Synthetic corticosteroid that suppresses acute and chronic inflammation; potentiates vascular smooth muscle relaxation by beta-adrenergic agonists.

128
Q

Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol)

Indications:

A

Acute spinal cord trauma, anaphylaxis, and bronchodilator for unresponsive asthma.

129
Q

Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol)
Adult Dosage
Acute spinal cord injury:

A

30 mg/kg IV over 30 minutes followed

by infusion 5.4 mg/kg/hr

130
Q

Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol)

Asthma and COPD:

A

1 -2 mg/kg IV generally 125-250 mg

131
Q

Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol)

Pediatric Acute spinal cord injury:

A

30 mg/kg IV over 30 minutes followed

by infusion 5.4 mg/kg/hr

132
Q

Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol)

Pediatric Asthma:

A

1 -2 mg/kg IV

133
Q

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

Class

A

Phenothiazine antiemetic

134
Q

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

Mechanism of Action

A

Reduces gastroesophageal reflux

135
Q

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

Indications

A

Nausea and vomiting

136
Q

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

Adult Dose

A

IM 10 – 20 mg; IV 10 mg slow IVP over 1 – 2 minutes

137
Q

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

Pediatric Dose

A

Rarely used

138
Q 
Morphine Sulfate (Astramorph)
Class
A

Opioid analgesic

139
Q 
Morphine Sulfate (Astramorph)
Mechanism of Action
A

Alleviates pain through CNS action, suppresses fear and anxiety centers of the brain; depresses brain stem respiratory centers, increases peripheral venous capacitance and decreases venous return, decreases preload and afterload, which decreases myocardial oxygen demand.

140
Q 
Morphine Sulfate (Astramorph)
Indications
A

Severe CHF, pulmonary edema, chest pain associated with an acute MI, analgesia for moderate to severe acute and chronic pain.

141
Q 
Morphine Sulfate (Astramorph)
Adult Dose
A

Initial dose: 2 – 5 mg IV (over 1 – 5 minutes). Repeat dose: 2 mg every 2 minutes titrated to effect.
5-15 mg IM based on patients weight

142
Q 
Morphine Sulfate (Astramorph)
Pediatric Dose
A

0.1 – 0.2 mg/kg with a maximum dose of 5 mg, IV, IM, IO, or SC.

143
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin)

Class

144
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin)

Mechanism of Action

A

Increase uterine contractions

145
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin)

Indications

A

Postpartum hemorrhage after infant and placental delivery.

146
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin)

Adult Dose

A

IM administration: 3 – 10 units after deliver of the placenta. IV administration: Mix 10 – 40 units in 1,000 mL of a nonhydrating diluent: infused at 20 – 40 milliunits/min, titrated to severity of bleeding and uterine response.

147
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

Class

A

Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker/paralytic

148
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

Mechanism of Action

A

Binds to the receptor for acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.

149
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

Indications

A

Induction or maintenance of paralysis after intubation to assist ventilations.

150
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

Adult Dose

A

0.04-0.1 mg/kg slow IV; repeat every 30 – 60 minutes PRN.

151
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

Pediatric Dose

A

0.1 mg/kg slow IV, IO

152
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate

Class

A

Alkalinizing agent

153
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate

Mechanism of Action

A

Combines with excessive acids to form a weak volatile acid

154
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate

Indications

A

Tricyclic antidepressant overdose, severe acidosis secondary to hyperventilation

155
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate

Adult Dose

A

1 mEq/kg initially followed by 0.5 mEq/kg every 10 minutes as indicated by blood gas studies

156
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate

Pediatric Dose

A

1 mEq/kg initially followed by 0.5 mEq/kg every 10 minutes

157
Q

Succinylcholine

Class

A

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker, paralyzing agent

158
Q

Succinylcholine

Mechanism of Action

A

Bind to the receptors of acetylcholine.

159
Q

Succinylcholine

Indications

A

To facilitate intubation, to terminate laryngospasm, to promote muscle relaxation, and to facilitate electroconvulsive shock therapy.

160
Q

Succinylcholine

Adult Dose

A

1 -2 mg/kg rapid IV; repeat once if needed

161
Q

Succinylcholine

Pediatric Dose

A

1 – 1.5 mg/kg dose rapid IV/IO; repeat once if needed

162
Q

Succinylcholine

Duration:

163
Q

Terbutaline (Brethine)

Class

A

• Class: Sympathomimetic bronchodilator

164
Q

Terbutaline (Brethine)

Mechanism of Action

A

Selective beat-2 adrenergic receptor activity resulting in relaxation of smooth muscles of the bronchial tree and peripheral vasculature. Minimal cardiac effects.

165
Q

Terbutaline (Brethine)

Indications

A

Bronchial asthma, reversible bronchospasm associated with exercise, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema.

166
Q

Terbutaline (Brethine)

Adult Dose

A

0.25 mg SC, may repeat in 15 – 30 minutes to a maximum dose of 0.5 mg in a 4-hour period.

167
Q

Terbutaline (Brethine)

Pediatric Dose

A

Not recommended in children under 12 years of age; 0.01 mg/kg/dose SC every 15 – 20 minutes PRN to a maximum dose of 0.25 mg.

168
Q

Diltiazem

Mechanism of Action

A

Block influx of calcium ions into cardiac muscle; prevents spasm of coronary arteries. Decreases the rate of ventricular response. Arterial and venous vasodilator. Reduces preload and afterload. Reduces myocardial oxygen demand.

169
Q

Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

Adult: NSTEMI:

A

Unstable Angina: 1 mg/kg SQ every 12 hours in conjunction with oral aspirin therapy (100-325 mg daily)

170
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Pediatric Dose IV/IO infusion:

A

25 – 50 mg/kg over 10 – 20 minutes;

faster if treating Torsade de pointes.

Paramedic Midterm Drug Test (1 decks)

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