Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Nursing 411 > Midterm Drugs > Flashcards

Midterm Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is a common side effect of aluminum hydroxide (amphojel)?

A

constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What type of inidividual should not take aluminum hydroxide (amphojel)?

A

a 70 yr old hypophosphatemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the health teachings of aluminum hydroxide (amphojel)?

A

Use only as prescribed NOT every time exp. gastric upset, Drink 2-4 oz of water taking your antacid, & relaxation techniques to deal with stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Aluminum hydroxide is commonly used as an ingredient for which of the following?

A

Antacid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A client has been taking aluminum hydroxide 30 mL six times per day at home to treat his peptic ulcer. He tells the nurse that he has been unable to have a bowel movement for 3 days. Based on this information, the nurse would determine that which of the following is the most likely cause of the client’s constipation?

  1. The client has not been including enough fiber in his diet
  2. The client needs to increase his daily exercise
  3. The client is experiencing a side effect of the aluminum hydroxide.
  4. The client has developed a gastrointestinal obstruction.
A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A client has been taking aluminum hydroxide daily for 3 weeks. The nurse should be alert for which of the following side effects?

  1. Nausea
  2. Hypercalcemia
  3. Constipation
  4. Anorexia
A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Aluminum hydroxide should be administered at the same time as other medications. True or false?

A

The answer is false. So aluminum hydroxide is an antacid, and antacids should never be given at the same time as other medications. You need to give them one to two hours before or after other medications.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q 
Aluminum hydroxide tablets have been prescribed for a client with heartburn, and the nurse reinforces homecare instructions to the client. The nurse tells the client that the most common side effect with use of this medication is: 
1 dizziness 
2 excitability 
3 Constipation 
4 muscle pain
A

3
Rationale: aluminum hydroxide is an antacid. It causes the side effect of Constipation because of its aluminum base. Hypophosphatemia, which is noted by monitoring serum laboratory studies, is the other possible side effect. Options 1,2 and 4 are incorrect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q 
The physician has prescribed Reglan. When assessing the client, the nurse would expect to find which of the following responses? 
A Increase in gastric secretions 
B Increase in peristalsis 
C Disorientation 
D drowsiness
A

B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A client with new-onset seizures of unknown cause it started on phenytoin (Dilantin) 750 milligrams IV now and 100 milligrams PO t.i.d which of the following statements best describes the purpose of the loading dose?
1 To ensure the drug reaches cerebrospinal fluid
2 To prevent the need for surgical excision of epileptic focus
3 To reduce secretions in case another seizure occurs
4 To more quickly attain therapeutic levels

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which of the following adverse effects may occur during phenytoin (Dilantin) therapy?

1 dry mouth
2 furry tongue
3 Somnolence
4 tachycardia

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which of the following symptoms may occur with a ***** towing level of 32 mg/dl?

1 Ataxia and confusion
2 sodium depletion
3 tonic clonic seizure
4 urinary incontinence

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel)

A

Antacid
Neutralizes gastric HCl, increases stomach pH
Inhibits action of pepsin
Use cautiously in gastric outlet obstruction, hypercalcemia, massive upper GI hemorrhage, pt on dialysis watch for constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) S/E

A 
S/E: CNS Malaise,
Neurotoxicity
Constipation
Anorexia
Intestinal obstruction
hypophosphatemia
osteomalacia
Chronic phosphate deficiency
Bone pain
muscle weakness with prolonged usage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) Teach

A 
Teach:
Take with water or fruit juice
Take 1 hour after meals and at bedtime
In reflux give 20-40 minutes after meals
Don't take within 1-2 hours of other drugs
Drug contains sodium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel): Indication

A

Given to patient with GERD and PUD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) class

A

Antacid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Azathioprine (Imuran) Class

A

Immunosuppressant, anti-inflammatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Azathioprine (Imuran) indication

A

Acts as an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant in pt with Crohn’s and Colitis, Myasthenia Gravis, SLF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Azathioprine (Imuran)

A

Allopurinol induces toxicity level with this med

pt needs to periodically check CBC levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Azathioprine (Imuran) S/E

A

S/E:

Bone marrow suppression, hair loss, loss of appetite, bruising, mouth sores, ulcers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Azathioprine (Imuran) Teach

A

Take with to after food, dose by weight

May take 3-4 months to work when used for RA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Calcium Carbonate plus antacid (Gaviscon) indication

A

Pt with heartburn/indigestion, GERD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Calcium Carbonate plus antacid (Gaviscon)

A

Administer with a laxative to combat constipation
This medication decreases the absorption of Fosamax, iron, and synthroid
Take after meals and at bedtime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Calcium Carbonate plus antacid (Gaviscon) class
Antacid
26
Calcium Carbonate plus antacid (Gaviscon) S/E
Constipation, impair taste, nausea, vomit, stomach cramps, diarrhea, rash, itching/swelling (face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing, bradycardia, constipation
27
Calcium Carbonate plus antacid (Gaviscon) action
Protective layer that sits on top of contents of stomach, stops acid from going up esophagus
28
Corticosteroids (Prednisolone) class
Anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressant
29
Corticosteroids (Prednisolone) S/E
``` Increase infection Increase weight peptic ulcers Increase WBC count hyperglycemia delay wound healing ```
30
Corticosteroids (Prednisolone)
Do not stop suddenly Avoid grapefruit limit coffee Monitor I&O, daily wt, edema, glucose, CBC Take with food in the AM to decrease gastric upset Do not take with fungal infections, alcohol or other steroids and live vaccines
31
Corticosteroids (Prednisolone) dose
5-60 mg/day
32
Metronidazole (Flagyl) class
Antibacterial
33
Metronidazole (Flagyl) action
Used to treat crohns, colitis, H. Pylori infection, CDiff, IBD
34
Metronidazole (Flagyl) S/E
Nausea, headache, peripheral neuropathy, neurotoxicity, darn urine, metallic taste. DO NOT TAKE if PREGNANT
35
Metronidazole (Flagyl) Teach
Monitor urine for darkness = toxicity Oral hygiene Give IV at a slow rate over 1 hr
36
H2 Receptor Blockers "-dine" class
stomach acid suppressing agent
37
H2 Receptor Blockers "-dine" action
Decrease HCl secretion decrease conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin Increase gastric mucous and bicarb production = ulcer healing Antacids decrease absorption
38
H2 Receptor Blockers "-dine" S/E
Granulocytopenia (reduction in WBC granulocytes), thrombocytopenia, gynecomastoid, diarrhea, fatigue, dizziness, rash, mental confusion in older adults, constipation
39
H2 Receptor Blockers "-dine" Teach
Can take about an hour to start to work Lasts 12 hours Take 1 x /day at bedtime before or with food Can take 2 months to clear up ulcer
40
H2 Receptor Blockers "-dine"
No coffee, smoking, alcohol | check CBC, LFT, BUN with renal disease
41
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) class
Immunosuppressant, anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic
42
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
Induces and maintains the remission of Crohn's Give to pt with RA, Psoriasis, crohns, colitis All pts on this med should also be on methotrexate
43
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) teach
expensive, TB &HBV test before starting Do not give to pt with any chronic condition NO live vaccines Infusion reactions are common: flu-like symptoms, dyspnea, hypotension, rash, GI Upset to decrease symptoms pretreat with antihistamine, acetaminophen or glucocorticoid.
44
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) S/E
Bacteria sepsis, heart failure, dark urine= liver failure, heme disorders (fever, bleeding bruising, pallor)disorders, cancer.
45
Lactulose (Duphalac) class
laxative acts on small intestine and colon, poorly absorbed osmotic action retains water = softer poop, fecal swelling = peristalsis (1-3 days)
46
Lactulose (Duphalac)
For pateitn with cirrhosis, chronic constipation. given liquid or enema form, given to decrease serum ammonia levels effective if 2-3 soft stools/day, expensive NO NOT take with other laxatives, increases excretion of ammonia
47
Lactulose (Duphalac) Teach
``` very sweet If stool is watery= toxicity monitor bowel sounds ammonia levels less than 25-50% glucose if diabetic electrolytes Take with fluid no food increase fluids by 2L/day Dont take at bedtime ```
48
Lactulose (Duphalac) S/E
cramping, watery stool, bloating, hypokalemia, hypernatremia, dehydration, Prevents absorption of ammonia in colon = acidifying stool = increased waer = soft poop
49
Lactulose (Duphalac)
Vomit and suctioning = gain base= metabolic alkalosis = diarrhea = loss of base = met acidosis
50
Magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia) class
saline laxative, antacid
51
Magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia)
Increase osmotic gradient in small intestine. Pulls in water to increase distention = stimulates peristalsis and bowel evacuation As an antacid reacts with HCl acid to form water and increase gastric pH
52
Magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia) S/E
Nitrofuration, tetracyclines, penicallamine = decrease absorption of these drugs Can delay or enhance absorption of other drugs Long term use = laxative dependence GI Problems, nausea, vomit, cramps, flatulence, anorexia, diaphoresis, hypermagnesemia, hypocalcemia
53
Magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia) teach
interaction with other drugs and needs to inform HCP of other drugs because it may delay absorption or enhance. Teach about S/E of Mg (Muscle flaccid paralysis, decreased breathing rate, more evident hypotension and bradycardia, so decreased BP and GI upset. hypotension, muscle weakness, dehydration, CNS depression ).
54
Magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia)
``` given to pt pre-op works on small intestine produce stool 6-12 hours (low does) 2-6 hours (high dose) Increase fluid intake ```
55
Proton Pump Inhibitors (-"zole") action
Blocks ATPase enzyme, decreases HCl acid secretion, increases gastric mucous and bicarb production = ulcer healing Increase gastric pH by neutralizing HCl acid
56
Proton Pump Inhibitors (-"zole") S/E
Dizziness, headache, nausea, vomit, poop, abdominal pain, skin rash, upper respiratory tract infection. prolonged use or high dose and increase risk of fractures. Take Vita D and Calcium due to inhibited calcium absorption
57
Proton Pump Inhibitors (-"zole") teach
30-60 minutes before mean in the AM Do no chew or crush can open to mix with apple sauce monitor driving until concentration and alertness are known Do not take with ampicillin, cyonocobalamin iron salts = decreased absorption Diazepam, phenytoin, warfarin prolong elimination and increase effect of drugs Digoxin = increased digoxin absorption = digoxin toxicity
58
Proton Pump Inhibitors (-"zole") indication
give to pt with GERD and ulcers
59
Phenytoin (Dilantin) class
anticonvulsant
60
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
``` Therapeutic range 10-20 mg/L Loading dose 10-15 mg bolus must be on heart monitor Takes 2+ weeks to work Don't use with ET feeding or other drugs Direct push 50 mg/min with N/S drip Very toxic can cause tissue damage, must use deep vein Monitor ECG, CBC, LFT Give IV must be on heart monitor NO Aspirin, warfarin, antidepressants NO OTHER DRUGS ```
61
Phenytoin (Dilantin) S/E
Nystagmus, drowsy, ataxia, fatigue, gingival hyperplasia (overgrowth of gums), unwanted hair growth, urine discolored
62
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
decrease seizures
63
Methotrexate class
immunosuppressant
64
Methotrexate
Reduces inflammation in the bowel. Treats IBD (Crohns, colitis) RA Can take more than 3 months to work and you can stay on it for years check blood work take 1x/week on the same day Oral with food and a full glass of water, sitting up No not crush or chew Dose 7.5-25 mg/week NO LIVE VACCINE NO ALCOHOL
65
Methotrexate S/E
Decrease immune system = increased infection SOB, sore throat, liver failure=jaundice, itchy can decrease platelet count (bruise, bleed easily) Anemia Increase photosensitivity Take B12 to help with S/E nausea, vomit but not on the same day as Methotrexate
66
Methotrexate
Prior to taking get blood test liver and kidneys, liver scan and chest x-ray. Need regular CBC, LFT while on it. Listen to lungs monito CBC with differential, liver and renal function and uric acid levels before and during drug therapy
67
Metoclopramide (Reglan) class
antiemetic, cholinergic, prokinetic
68
Metoclopramide (Reglan)
Acts as prokinetic agent, blocking dopamine receptors and increasing peristalsis and promotes gastric emptying (reducing risk of gastric acid reflux) Give to pt with GERD Take 30 mins before meals and at bed
69
Metoclopramide (Reglan) S/E
``` Tardive Dyskinesia (high dose or chronic use) Diarrhea (short term) sedation (short term) drowsy ```
70
Metoclopramide (Reglan) teach
Do not drive until you manage S/E that affect concentration and alertness Mix with water, juice, carbonated drink DO NOT give to pt with Parkinson's, GI obstruction, history of seizures protect from extreme temps maintain hydration avoid CNS depressants LAST RESPORT MED
71
Neomycin Sulphate (Neo Fardin) class
antibiotic
72
Neomycin Sulphate (Neo Fardin)
Serum ammonia reduced by elimination of protein from the diet by admin of antibiotic decrease level of ammonia forming bacteria in the colon (disinfecting the bowel) Give to pt with cirrhosis, high ammonia levels
73
Neomycin Sulphate (Neo Fardin) S/E
Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity MOST oto and nephro toxic drug on the market hearing loss
74
Salicylazosulfapyrine (Azulfidine) class
GI anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic (DMARD)
75
Salicylazosulfapyrine (Azulfidine)
Decrease GI Inflammation through direct contact with bowel mucosa Does not work on small intestine Give to pt with crohns, coloitis, IBD, RA
76
Salicylazosulfapyrine (Azulfidine) S/E
Hepatitis, bone marrow supression, abdmonial pain, rash (hives), arthralgia, yellow/orange skin/urine, increase photosensitivity, renal failure
77
Salicylazosulfapyrine (Azulfidine) teach
wear sunscreen decrease sperm during use must test for hepatitis, bone marrow suppression (CBC, platelet count) Take with food and increase fluids 2,500 ml minimum/day take FOLIC ACID

Nursing 411 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions