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Current Ethical Issues > Midterm Definitions > Flashcards

Midterm Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

The just war tradition

A

an ancient and living body of thinking that tries to describe if a war is morally permissible.

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2
Q

Fragment

A

When someone else quotes you

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3
Q

Bellum omnium contra omnes (translation)

A

war of all against all

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4
Q

Bellum omnium contra omnes (concept)

A

in the state of nature we see a war against all and peace is earned in surrendering one’s ability to wage war

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5
Q

War of all against all

A

bellum omnium contra omnes

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6
Q

realism

A

the position that war is hell

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7
Q

master morality

A

creates its own values and stands beyond good and evil

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8
Q

slave morality

A

values kindness, humility, and sympathy.

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9
Q

moral reality to war

A

that we can and in fact must bring it under a level of moral judgment

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10
Q

conventionalism

A

the position that moral law is founded through general agreement

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11
Q

regular

A

following the rules

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12
Q

pacifists

A

always believe that war is wrong

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13
Q

selective pacifists

A

these people believe that war may be just, but Christians may never take part in these affairs

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14
Q

How did Cicero define war?

A

contending by force

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15
Q

bellum iustum

A

just war

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16
Q

duellum

A

private

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17
Q

bellum

A

public

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18
Q

private

A

duellum

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19
Q

public

A

bellum

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20
Q

right strictly considered

A

the moral faculty granted by laws strictly considered

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21
Q

A just war

A

a war fought with and by right

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22
Q

license

A

a right to do as one pleases without any restriction

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23
Q

ius ad bellum

A

right to go to war, just cause

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24
Q

right to go to war, just cause

A

ius ad bellum

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25
Q

ius in bello

A

right within war, limited sufficient means

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26
Q

right within war, limited sufficient means

A

ius in bello

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27
Q

ius ad pacem

A

right toward peace, just intent to seek justice/peace

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28
Q

right toward peace, just intent to seek justice/peace

A

ius ad pacem

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29
Q

dialogues

A

philosophical genre in which two or more people discuss some philosophical topic, sometimes with no resolution

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30
Q

tripartite psychology

A

soul is divided to 3 parts

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31
Q

What are the 3 parts of the soul in the tripartitle psychology?

A
  • appetitive
  • spirited
  • logical
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32
Q

Allegory

A

a story that explains a philosophical point.

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33
Q

socratic dialectic

A
  • debate between experts certain in their knowledge and someone trying to seek the truth
  • truth is found through demonstrating contradictions
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34
Q

triumvirate

A

Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus

35
Q

proscribe

A

to be banned or killed from the state

36
Q

Philippics

A

Cicero wrote this to get the Senate to proscribe Marc Anthony as an enemy of the state

37
Q

academic skepticism

A

the impossibility of obtaining certain knowledge

38
Q

St. Jerome

A

translated the Bible to Latin

39
Q

natural law

A

body of unchanging and universal moral concepts

40
Q

zoon politikon

A

Aristotle says that humanity is a political animal

41
Q

fides

A

honor and honesty

42
Q

fetials

A

Roman priests who represented Rome diplomatically

43
Q

magnanimitas

A

The desire for independence manifest, have a great soul

44
Q

megalopsychia

A

greatness of soul

45
Q

Octavian

A

became Augustus Caesar, Cicero praises him over Anthony

46
Q

hostis

A

Cicero’s etymology of the word enemy

47
Q

Anteclassical

A

not from the classical era

48
Q

Perduellis

A

ante-classical Latin word for enemy

49
Q

Marcus Aurelius

A

Emperor, stoic philosopher and warrior

50
Q

Commodus

A

Son of Aurelius, co-emperor, weak-souled and intemperate, murderous, loved gladiator combat

51
Q

lex talinois

A

eye for eye, tooth for tooth

52
Q

Ganymede

A

Trojan boy of Zeus

53
Q

apologist

A

defender to explain

54
Q

ascetic

A

giving stuff up

55
Q

Montanism

A

Followers of Montanus, believed in continuing ecstatic prophesy.

56
Q

chaplet

A

crown worn by the soldiers

57
Q

crown worn by the soldiers

A

de corona militis

58
Q

berber

A

indigenous person from North Africa

59
Q

Latin Church Father

A

there were four of them, all had large influence on Church

60
Q

apocatastasis

A

the belief that all sinners would be saved by a remaking of the world at the apocalypse rather than damnation at a final judgment

61
Q

Celsus

A

Pagan Greek philosopher, argued against Christianity as an unpatriotic.

62
Q

Constantine

A

tutor of the unfortunate Crispus

63
Q

Edict of Milan

A

legalized Christianity in Roman Empire

64
Q

Edict of Thessalonia

A

institutionalized Nicaean Christianity in empire

65
Q

Nicene Creed

A

Christian creed from first council of Nicaea

66
Q

Arianism

A

the denial of the Trinity, Christ is not one being with the Father

67
Q

realpolitik

A

to not consider ideals, but concrete affairs, a state needs laws with punitive sanctions and force

68
Q

Machiean

A

dual way of thinking, two worlds, one world of light and goodness ruled by good God, and world of evil and darkness ruled by bad God

69
Q

Earthly city

A

most people belong, Follow lust and desire to dominate others, ultimately damned

70
Q

City of God

A

the elect belong to this, pilgrims and foreigners in the earthly city

71
Q

predestination

A

all future events regarding one’s soul have been willed by God

72
Q

double predestination

A

God will choose some to be saved, but also creates some people who will be damned.

73
Q

soteriology

A

the doctrine of salvation

74
Q

providence

A

that God arranged the world in the best possible manner

75
Q

Privation

A

evil, anything that is not God lacks some good

76
Q

salvation history

A

seeks to understand the personal redemptive activity of God within human history

77
Q

wicked

A

moral evil

78
Q

revenge

A

giving like for like

79
Q

peace

A

being well-ordered

80
Q

irrational soul

A

requires peace, order among appetites

81
Q

rational soul

A

requires peace, order among knowledge and actions

82
Q

polymus

A

Greek for war

83
Q

Greek for war

A

polymus

Current Ethical Issues (1 decks)

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