Midterm Coverage Flashcards
often described as the concept of interconnectedness, integration, linkages, expansion in the context of countries, economy, sector, and individuals.
Globalization
multifaceted and multidimensional, and it transcends physical or temporal boundaries.
Globalization
a professor of sociology and the author of SAGE Handbook of Globalization. Which presents the balanced overview of the fundamental approaches to studying of globalization.
Manfred Steger
beyond and across the boundaries of politically established territories of nation states or countries.
Transnational
literally meaning to leftover scrap meat. used to refer to something that is foolish, deceptive talk, pretentious nonsense.
Baloney
often used as generalized expression of disagreement.
baloney
coined conjugation of the words globalization and baloney, with the latter being used idiomatically to mean,”nonsense”.
Globaloney
the absence of clear-cut definitions or norms for filtering data and an analytical method to validate
evidentiary information
say that globalization is not a sufficiently precise analytical concept.
rejectionists
according to her, the word globalization is a vacuous term because it has been used in academic discourse.
Susan Strange
seek empirical evidence that directly supports globalization as an objective and analytical concept.
Rejectionists
state that the world is not nearly as integrated because the so-called globalizing process is only limited in specific areas.
skeptics
they argue that globalization is not a new recent process and that the term has not been correctly used over time.
modifiers
globalization involves the increasing linkages of national economies through trade, financial flows, and foreign direct investments by multinational firms.
globalization as an economic process
proponents of this approach argue economic perspectives. Their arguments center these two questions: what are the political factors affecting the flow of capital, funds, and technology across territories?
DO economic resource flows challenge the power of a nation state?
globalization as a political process
this approach state that globalization is a multidimensional occurence anchored in culture
globalization as a cultural process
a densely growing network of complex cultural interconnections and interdependencies that characterize modern social life
cultural globalization
the financial transaction and exchanges of money between investors and borrowers.
financial system
reduction, relaxation or outright removal of restrictions or control on certain activities.
deregulation
mechanism imposed by financial institutions to ensure creditworthiness of borrowers and reduce loan defaults or bad loans
credit controls
the transfer of ownership of a publicly owned/operated business or operation to a private sector owner/operator
privatization
are physical or virtual markets where primary products are traded
commodity markets
various called as, “country”, “nation”, or “state”.
nation-state
refers to the characteristics features of everyday existence, what is called “way of life” shared by people in a place or time
culture
an understanding of the contemporary world, as well as globalization and its trends, issues, concerns, and implications, can be aided with these 3 approaches
ACR
Awareness, choice, and responsibility
a simplified process of thinking and decision-making
Awareness, choice, responsibility (ACR) framework
the state of having or showing realization, perception, and knowledge
awareness
the act or power of choosing
choice
the state of being responsible or it pertains to either moral or legal
responsibloty
a business manager who writes, “Once we are aware and have chosen an attitude of accountability, it befalls us to take responsibility to decide to take an action.
hazel coupe
Three Pillars to high-performance
awareness, accountability, and responsibility
used to describe the growing interdependence of the world’s economies, cultures, and populations brought by cross-border trade in goods and services
globalization
signifies a social condition characterized by the existence of global economic, political, cultural, and environmental interconnections
globality
what are the economic networks of globalization
trade, capital flows, and labor migration
communication and transportation networks
networks linking soldiers, criminals, and terrorists
advocacy networks
religious organizations
“globalization encompasses many trends, including expanded international trade, or monetary coordination
Goldstein (2009)
“the inexorable integration of markets, nation-states and technologies to a degree never witness”
Friedman (1999)
“globalization is defined as the unprecedented new world state, a special phase, of the world’s history that is already perceptible”
Kiss, Endre (2013)
“Globalization is the emergence of a complex web of interconnectedness that means that our lives are increasingly shaped by the events occur”
Heywood (2014)
“Globalization is a transplanetary process or set of processes involving increasing liquidity and growing multidirectional flows of people, objects , and places”
Ritzer & Dean (2015)
refers to a multidimensional set of social processes that create, multiply, stretch, ad intensify worldwide social interdependencies and exchanges
Globalization
refers to the expansion and intensification of social relations and consciousness across world-time and world space
Globalization
the set of relationships among the world states structured according to certain rules and patters of interaction
international system
is a community of persons more or less numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion of the territory
state
The declarative theory
PTGS people, theory, government, and sovereignity
Constitutive theory
recognition by other states and degree of civilizations
also referred as transnational actors
nonstate actors
a set of institutions and agencies concerned with formulating and implementing the collective goals of society
political system
determines the inputs through socialization, recruitment, and communication
system function
where collective decisions are made and implemented through interest articulation, policy-making and implementation
process function
treats the output through the processes of policy extraction, regulation, and distribution
output function
a historical process, the result of human innovation and technological progress
economic process
a phenomenon by which the experience of everyday life, interpenetration of cultures which, as consequence
cultural globalization
latter being used idiomatically mean
“nonsense”/ baloney
it denotes the sum of laws, norms, policies, and institutions that define, constitute, and mediate transborder relations between states, cultures, citizens
global governance
to provide global public goods, particularly peace and security, justice and mediation systems for conflict, functioning markets and unified standards
global governance
a continuous process of balancing different interests and initiating cooperative action.
global governance
the basis for this is the coordination of national policies and identification of shared norms and rules.
global governance
the concept of a common political authority for all of humanity, giving way to a global government and a single state or policy with jurisdiction over the entire world
global government
the personification of global governance. it remains embodiment of the international community
united nations
According to ___and___, there is no easily identifiable “center” or “periphery” in terms of authority but the UN system
Weis and thakur
UN World Celebration Day
October 24, 1948
an international organization created to maintain international peace and promote human rights
united nations
the founding charter of the UN was signed on in San Francisco during the UN conference on international organization
June 26, 1945
UN came force on
October 24, 1945
4 principles that UN follows
- states are equal under international law
- they have full sovereignty over their own affairs
- they should have full independence and territorial integrity
- they should carry their internal obligations, such as respecting diplomatic privileges, refraining from committing aggression, and observing the terms of treating they sign
UN composed of six principal organs which are all established during its founding year
GSETIS
General assembly, security council, economic and social council, trusteeship council, international court of justice, secretariat
is considered to be the main deliberative, policy-making, and representative organ of the UN
general assembly
this is the venue where the decision-making takes place
general assembly
has primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security
security council
is one of the most important organs, if not the most important and powerful organ of the UN
security council
permanent members
CFRUU
CHINA, FRANCE, RUSSIA, UK, AND US
non permanent members
DIGSKCEPPB
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, INDONESIA, GERMANY, SOUTH AFRICA, KUWAIT, COTE D’ IVOIRE, EQUATORIAL GUINEA, PERU, POLAND, BELGIUM
who served as the president of the UN Security Council and the first asian to serve as president in 44th session of the UN general assembly
carlos p. romulo
the center and the prime mover of the UN development system
economic and social council (ecosoc)
to conduct relevant and critical analysis on issues and concerns pertaining to sustainable development
economic and social council (ecosoc)
the principal body of coordination, policy review, and policy dialogue
economic and social council (ecosoc)
the un shall establish under its authority an international trusteeship system for the administration and supervision
trusteeship council
the pricipal judicial organ, which resolves legal conflicts between among member states
international court of justice
composed of the secretary general and such staff as the organization may require. they shall be appointed by the general assembly upon the recommendation of the securuty council
secretariat
UN plays four essential roles in identifying and diagnosing problems
- managing knowledge
- developing norms
- promulgating recommendations
- institutionalizing ideas
a term used in poorer countries. a term less developed world
global south
a historical process, the result of human innovation and technological progress
economic globalization
it refers to increasing integration of economies around the world.
economic globalization
also refers to the movement of people
economic relations
when a country exports more than imports it called
trade surplus
when a country imports more than it exports it called
trade deficit
also called the obstacles to trade- take many forms
trade barriers
three most common trade barriers are
TEQ
tariffs, export subsidies, and quotas
mean as tax
tariff
a government payments made to domestic firms to encourage exports
export subsidies
is a limit on the quantity of imports
quotas
established on 1947. equal, nondiscriminatory trade treatment for all member nations
GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFF AND TRADE (GATT)
the reduction of tariffs by multilateral negotiations. the elimination of import quotas
GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFF AND TRADE
Regulates international
trades Deals with the rule
of trade between nations
Ensures the trade will
flows smoothly,
predictably and freely as
possible.
world trade organization
act as a forum in negotiation trade agreements
world trade organization
a formed when two or more countries agree to abolish all internal barriers to trade among themselves
free trade area (FTA)
represent the logical evolution of a free trade area. in eliminating international barriers to trade
customs union
the next step in the spectrum of economic integration. it allows the free movement of factors of production like labor, capital, and information
common market
an agreement signed by Canda, Mexico, and the United States
north american free trade agreement
it is a geo-political and economic organization of ten countries located in southeast asia
association of southeast asian nation (ASEAN)
a common matket was launched on 1 january 2008 with plans to realise a fully integrated single market
the gulf cooperation council
a union was established on 28 may 1975 with the signing of the treaty of Lagos
economic community of west african states
Basic organizational principles
EFFICIENCY, CALCULABILITY, UNIFORMITY AND PREDICTABILITY, CONTROL THROUGH AUTOMATION
an agreement between states in a given area to enhance cooperation and mutual relationships.
regionalization
the theory or practice of coordinating social, economic, or political activities within an region
regionalization
to ensure protection and defense.
regional integration
FORMS OF REGIONALISM
ESP
ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND POLITICS
the creation of economic opportunities through the cooperation of states for the reduction of tariff barriers to achieve trade liberalizations
economic regionalism
improves market access to member countries. it limits international competition and similarity
economic regionalism
the form of cooperation designed to protect states from their enemy
security regionalism
refers to attempts by stats in the same area to strengthen or protect shared values, thereby enhancing its respective image and reputation
political regionalism
the closer relation among states or the development of the collective decision- making system of states over time
political regionalism
enhancing respective image and gaining diplomatic voice
political regionalism
complimentary to globalizaton while others see it as a threat
regionalism
the process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide
globalization
regional organization of European states or governments that aims for unification and centralization in political, economic, and social policies of it’s member states
EU OR EUROPEAN UNION
EU has five basic institutions which are comparable to the executive, legislative, and judicial branches
EUROPEAN COUNCIL
COUNCIL OF MINISTERS
EUROPEN PARLIAMENT
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE
consist of the government heads such as prime ministers and presidents of member states
european council
the council meets every __months
six months
the legislative body of EU that meets daily. has the final say on EU’S laws and policies. composed of at least one minister or representative from 28 members of EU
Council of ministers
the legislative branch of EU. the only body whose 732 representatives are chosen
european parliament
executive branch of the EU. composed of 28 officials from all members who are nominated by the commission president
european commission
its basic function is to propose and implement EU laws
european commission
the judicial body of EU. the ultimate judge of EU laws and decisions cannot be appealed.
european court of justice
composed of 27 judges and 18 advocate generals appointed by the member states
european court of justice
the most important regional organizations in Asia
ASEAN
organized primarily for security reasons, specifically to prevent interregional disputes and to resist the influence of superpower nations
ASEAN
it moved towards political integration by focusing on the “Asian Values” and “Asian Way”
ASEAN
an economic forum established in 1989. its purpose is to establish and promote sustainable economic development and prosperity in the said region
APEC or Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
has a significant role in the world’s economy. a leading importer of raw materials and the world’s center of manufacturing and production
CHINA
