midterm anatomy and phys

Question 1

monitors the environments and responds to changes (stimuli).

Answer 1

receptors

Question 2

determines the set point at which the variable is maintained.

Answer 2

control center

Question 3

Provides the means to respond to stimuli.

Answer 3

effector

Question 4

the output REVERSES the original stimulus. example: Regulation of body temperature. The response of the EFFECTOR negates the STIMULUS and the BODY is brought back into HOMEOSTASIS. Normal range is achieved

Answer 4

Negative Feedback

Question 5

changes in immediate environment

Answer 5

Responsiveness is

Question 6

The response of the EFFECTOR increases change of the STIMULUS and the body is moved away from HOMEOSTASIS and Normal range is LOST. (used to speed up processes)

Answer 6

Positive Feedback

Question 7

One of the two main cavities; composed of cranial and vertebral cavities

Answer 7

dorsal body

Question 8

This cavity lies in the skull; encases the brain

Answer 8

cranial cavity

Question 9

This cavity encloses the spinal cord; the hard, bony walls protect the contained organs

Answer 9

vertebral cavity

Question 10

One of the two main cavities; composed of thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Answer 10

ventral cavity

Question 11

The lungs, heart, intestines, and kidneys; the organs contained in the ventral body cavity

Answer 11

Viscera

Question 12

This cavity is surrounded by the ribs and the muscles of the chest wall, and the diaphragm; composed of the mediastinum and pleural and pericardial cavities

Answer 12

thoracic cavity

Question 13

This cavity is surrounded by the abdominal walls, pelvic girdle, and diaphragm; contains the peritoneal cavity

Answer 13

Abdominopelvic

Question 14

This cavity surrounds a lung

Answer 14

Pleural

Question 15

A section of the thoracic cavity containing the heart as well as esophagus and trachea (in superior ____)

Answer 15

Mediastinum

Question 16

This cavity contains the liver, stomach, kidneys, etc.

Answer 16

Abdominal

Question 17

This cavity contains the bladder, some reproductive organs, and the rectum

Answer 17

pelvic

Question 18

This cavity surrounds many organs in the abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 18

Peritoneal

Question 19

This type of cavity allows the organs within to slide around as they carry out their routine functions.

Answer 19

serous

Question 20

These three cavities are the main serous cavities (i.e. they are encased with a serous membrane and lubricated by serous fluid); alphabetical

Answer 20

Pericardial, Peritoneal, Pleural

Question 21

Chromosomes are copied. Chromosomes appear as threadlike coils at the start, but each chromosome and its copy change to sister chromatids at the end of this phase.

Answer 21

Interphase

Question 22

Mitosis begins as centrioles appear and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell. Spindle fibers form between the poles.

Answer 22

Prophase

Question 23

Chromatids attache to the spindle fibers. The chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell.

Answer 23

Metaphase

Question 24

Chromatids separate and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell, pulled along by the spindle fibers

Answer 24

Anaphase

Question 25

Cell membrane moves inward to create two daughter cells - each with its own nucleus with identical chromosomes.

Answer 25

Telophase

Question 26

Two new nuclei form. Chromosomes appear as chromatin. Mitosis ends.

Answer 26

Cytokinesis

Question 27

Cell division in which the nucleus divides into two nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes with an end result of two identical cells.

Answer 27

Mitosis