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Biochemistry Laboratory > midterm anaphy > Flashcards

midterm anaphy Flashcards

1
Q
  • red bone marrow produce red blood cells, hematopoiesis produce white blood cells and platelets
A

blood cell production

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2
Q
  • distal and proximal ends of the bone
A

epiphysis

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3
Q
  • provides structural framework and shape, supporting soft tissues, provides attachment of most skeletal muscles
A

support

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4
Q
  • hollow space within the diaphysis– contains yellow bone marrow
A

medullary cavity

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5
Q

contains haversian canal, contains blood vessels, nerve and lymphatic vessels

A

haversian system

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6
Q
  • does not contain osteons
    • red bone marrow is present
A

spongy bone

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7
Q
  • bone forms within hyaline cartilage, that develops from mesenchyme
A

endochondral ossification

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8
Q
  • projections that form joints and attachment points for connective tissue
A

processes

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9
Q
  • bone forms directly within loose fibrous connective tissue (mesenchyme) arranged in sheetlike layers that resemble membranes
A

intramembranous ossification

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10
Q
  • bone tissue stores calcium and phosphorus, releases minerals into the blood to maintain homeostasis
A

mineral growth factor stage

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11
Q
  • nearly equal length and width, wrist and ankle bones
A

short

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12
Q
  • complex shapes, vertebrae, some facial bones
A

irregular

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13
Q
  • skeleton protects many internal organs from injury
A

protection

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14
Q
  • main cells of bone tissue, and maintain its daily metabolism, does not undergo cell division
A

osteocytes

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15
Q
  • thin layer of hyaline cartilage, reduces friction and absorbs shock at freely movable joints– articulation
A

aricular cartilage

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16
Q
  • generally thin, provide protection
A

flat

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17
Q
  • thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity– contains 1 layer of bone-forming cells
A

endosteum

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18
Q

enumerate the bone structure

A

diaphysis, medullary cavity, endosteum, epiphysis, epiphyseal plate, epiphyseal line

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19
Q

enumerate bone surface markings

A

depression/openings, processes

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20
Q
  • contains few spaces, arranged in repeating units
A

compact bone

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21
Q
  • protects the bone, assists in fracture repair, anchors tendons and ligaments
A

periosteum

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22
Q
  • separates diaphysis and epiphysis– region of mitosis
A

epiphyseal plate

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23
Q
  • replaces epiphysial plate when bone growth is completed
A

epiphyseal line

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24
Q

stores calcium & phosphorus, releases minerals into the blood to maintain homeostasis

A

bone tissue

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25
Q

factors that affect bone growth

A

heredity, nutrition, hormones, exercise/stress

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26
Q
  • red bone marrow produce red blood cells, hematopoiesis produce white blood cells and platelets
A

blood cell production

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27
Q
  • process by which bone forms
    • occurs in 6th/7th week of embryonic dev’t
A

ossification

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28
Q

enumerate bone classification

A

long, short, flat, irregular

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29
Q
  • form joints/ allow passage of blood vessels, nerves, ligaments, tendons
A

depression/openings

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30
Q

arranged in sheetlike layers that resemble membranes

A

mesenchyme

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31
Q
  • have greater length and width, consists of shaft
A

long

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32
Q
  • skeletal muscle attached to bones, when muscle contract. they pull bones
A

assisting in movement

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33
Q
  • bones shaft/body, long, cylindrical main portion of the bone
A

diaphysis

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34
Q
  • forms longitudinal axis of the body
A

axial

35
Q
  • consists of cranial bones & facial bones
A

skull

36
Q
  • immovable joints between bones of the skull
A

sutures

37
Q
  • spaces between cranial bones of fetus + infants
A

fontanels

38
Q

(coronal, sagittal, lambdoid, squamous)

A

sultures

39
Q
  • (anterior, posterior, anterolateral, posterolateral)
A

fontanels

40
Q
  • cavities in bones (skull) that communicate with nasal cavity
A

paranasal sinuses

41
Q
  • transmit vibrations (malleus, incus, stapes)
A

ear ossicles

42
Q
  • u-shaped bone that does not articulate with any bone
    • support tongue and neck muscle
A

hyoid bone

43
Q
  • contains normal curves that gives strength, support + balance, protects spinal cord
A

vertebral column

44
Q
  • 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 fused sacrum/coccyx
A

vertebral column

45
Q
  • protects organs and thoracic cavity
A

rib cage

46
Q
  • manubrium, body, xiphoid process
A

sternum

47
Q

(first 7 pairs) articulate with sternum by mean of costal cartilages

A

true ribs

48
Q

(next three pairs) articulate with 7th costal cartilages

A

false ribs

49
Q

(last two pairs) do not articulate with the sternum

A

floating ribs

50
Q

80 skeleton

A

axial

51
Q

126 skeleton

A

appendicular

51
Q

126 skeleton

A

appendicular

52
Q

consist bones of the girdles + upper, lower extremidies (limbs)

A

appendicular

53
Q
  • attach upper limbs to the axial skeleton
A

pectoral girdle

54
Q

clavicles

A

collar bone

55
Q

scapulae

A

shoulder blade

56
Q
  • 30 bones in each (left & right)
A

upper limb

57
Q
  • articulates with scapula, ulna (elbow), radius (forearm), carpals (wrist), metacarpals (hand), phalanges (fingers)
A

humerus

58
Q

point of fusion

A

acetabulum

59
Q
  • connects lower limbs to axial skeleton, each hip bone: ilium, ischium, pubis (fused)
A

pelvic girdle

60
Q
  • thigh, largest, longest, strongest bone in the body
A

femur

61
Q
  • triangular bone
A

patella

62
Q
  • medial side of the leg
A

tibia

63
Q
  • lateral side of libia
A

fibula

64
Q
  • ankle
A

tarsals

65
Q

foot

A

metatarsals

66
Q
  • toes
A

phalanges

67
Q
  • toes
A

phalanges

68
Q
  • aka articulations
    • point of contact between 2 bones
A

joints

69
Q
  • immovable
A

synarthroses

70
Q
  • slightly movable
A

b. amphiarthroses

71
Q
  • freely movable
A

diarthroses

72
Q
  • no joint cavity
    • bones are held together by fibrous connective tissue
A

fibrous

73
Q
  • no joint cavity
    • bones are held together by cartilage
A

b. cartilaginous

74
Q
  • contains synovial cavity, articular cartilage, joint capsule, synovial bursae membranes
A

synovial

75
Q
  • flat bones move side to side
A

gliding

76
Q
  • flexion– extension, abduction– adduction, circumduction
A

angular

77
Q
  • bone moves around its own longitude axis
A

rotation

78
Q
  • joints between carpals & tarsals
A

plane

79
Q
  • elbow & knee
A

hinge

80
Q
  • radius & ulna
A

pivot

81
Q
  • metacarpals & carpals
A

candyloid

82
Q
  • thumb metacarpal
A

saddle

83
Q
  • shoulder & hip
A

ball & sacket

Biochemistry Laboratory (10 decks)

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