midterm anaphy Flashcards
1
Q
- red bone marrow produce red blood cells, hematopoiesis produce white blood cells and platelets
A
blood cell production
2
Q
- distal and proximal ends of the bone
A
epiphysis
3
Q
- provides structural framework and shape, supporting soft tissues, provides attachment of most skeletal muscles
A
support
4
Q
- hollow space within the diaphysis– contains yellow bone marrow
A
medullary cavity
5
Q
contains haversian canal, contains blood vessels, nerve and lymphatic vessels
A
haversian system
6
Q
- does not contain osteons
- red bone marrow is present
A
spongy bone
7
Q
- bone forms within hyaline cartilage, that develops from mesenchyme
A
endochondral ossification
8
Q
- projections that form joints and attachment points for connective tissue
A
processes
9
Q
- bone forms directly within loose fibrous connective tissue (mesenchyme) arranged in sheetlike layers that resemble membranes
A
intramembranous ossification
10
Q
- bone tissue stores calcium and phosphorus, releases minerals into the blood to maintain homeostasis
A
mineral growth factor stage
11
Q
- nearly equal length and width, wrist and ankle bones
A
short
12
Q
- complex shapes, vertebrae, some facial bones
A
irregular
13
Q
- skeleton protects many internal organs from injury
A
protection
14
Q
- main cells of bone tissue, and maintain its daily metabolism, does not undergo cell division
A
osteocytes
15
Q
- thin layer of hyaline cartilage, reduces friction and absorbs shock at freely movable joints– articulation
A
aricular cartilage
16
Q
- generally thin, provide protection
A
flat
17
Q
- thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity– contains 1 layer of bone-forming cells
A
endosteum
18
Q
enumerate the bone structure
A
diaphysis, medullary cavity, endosteum, epiphysis, epiphyseal plate, epiphyseal line
19
Q
enumerate bone surface markings
A
depression/openings, processes
20
Q
- contains few spaces, arranged in repeating units
A
compact bone
21
Q
- protects the bone, assists in fracture repair, anchors tendons and ligaments
A
periosteum
22
Q
- separates diaphysis and epiphysis– region of mitosis
A
epiphyseal plate
23
Q
- replaces epiphysial plate when bone growth is completed
A
epiphyseal line
24
Q
stores calcium & phosphorus, releases minerals into the blood to maintain homeostasis
A
bone tissue
25
factors that affect bone growth
heredity, nutrition, hormones, exercise/stress
26
- red bone marrow produce red blood cells, hematopoiesis produce white blood cells and platelets
blood cell production
27
- process by which bone forms
- occurs in 6th/7th week of embryonic dev't
ossification
28
enumerate bone classification
long, short, flat, irregular
29
- form joints/ allow passage of blood vessels, nerves, ligaments, tendons
depression/openings
30
arranged in sheetlike layers that resemble membranes
mesenchyme
31
- have greater length and width, consists of shaft
long
32
- skeletal muscle attached to bones, when muscle contract. they pull bones
assisting in movement
33
- bones shaft/body, long, cylindrical main portion of the bone
diaphysis
34
- forms longitudinal axis of the body
axial
35
- consists of cranial bones & facial bones
skull
36
- immovable joints between bones of the skull
sutures
37
- spaces between cranial bones of fetus + infants
fontanels
38
(coronal, sagittal, lambdoid, squamous)
sultures
39
- (anterior, posterior, anterolateral, posterolateral)
fontanels
40
- cavities in bones (skull) that communicate with nasal cavity
paranasal sinuses
41
- transmit vibrations (malleus, incus, stapes)
ear ossicles
42
- u-shaped bone that does not articulate with any bone
- support tongue and neck muscle
hyoid bone
43
- contains normal curves that gives strength, support + balance, protects spinal cord
vertebral column
44
- 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 fused sacrum/coccyx
vertebral column
45
- protects organs and thoracic cavity
rib cage
46
- manubrium, body, xiphoid process
sternum
47
(first 7 pairs) articulate with sternum by mean of costal cartilages
true ribs
48
(next three pairs) articulate with 7th costal cartilages
false ribs
49
(last two pairs) do not articulate with the sternum
floating ribs
50
80 skeleton
axial
51
126 skeleton
appendicular
51
126 skeleton
appendicular
52
consist bones of the girdles + upper, lower extremidies (limbs)
appendicular
53
- attach upper limbs to the axial skeleton
pectoral girdle
54
clavicles
collar bone
55
scapulae
shoulder blade
56
- 30 bones in each (left & right)
upper limb
57
- articulates with scapula, ulna (elbow), radius (forearm), carpals (wrist), metacarpals (hand), phalanges (fingers)
humerus
58
point of fusion
acetabulum
59
- connects lower limbs to axial skeleton, each hip bone: ilium, ischium, pubis (fused)
pelvic girdle
60
- thigh, largest, longest, strongest bone in the body
femur
61
- triangular bone
patella
62
- medial side of the leg
tibia
63
- lateral side of libia
fibula
64
- ankle
tarsals
65
foot
metatarsals
66
- toes
phalanges
67
- toes
phalanges
68
- aka articulations
- point of contact between 2 bones
joints
69
- immovable
synarthroses
70
- slightly movable
b. amphiarthroses
71
- freely movable
diarthroses
72
- no joint cavity
- bones are held together by fibrous connective tissue
fibrous
73
- no joint cavity
- bones are held together by cartilage
b. cartilaginous
74
- contains synovial cavity, articular cartilage, joint capsule, synovial bursae membranes
synovial
75
- flat bones move side to side
gliding
76
- flexion-- extension, abduction-- adduction, circumduction
angular
77
- bone moves around its own longitude axis
rotation
78
- joints between carpals & tarsals
plane
79
- elbow & knee
hinge
80
- radius & ulna
pivot
81
- metacarpals & carpals
candyloid
82
- thumb metacarpal
saddle
83
- shoulder & hip
ball & sacket
