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Midterm Abdominal > Midterm Abdominal > Flashcards

Midterm Abdominal Flashcards

1
Q

The portal veins carry blood from the_________ to the liver.

A

intestinal tract

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2
Q

the arterial supply to the gallbladder is via the :

A

cystic artery

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3
Q

the portal venous system receives blood from…

A
  1. gastrointestinal tract
  2. lower end of the esophagus to the upper end of the anal canal
  3. pancreas
  4. gallbladder
  5. bile ducts
  6. spleen
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4
Q

what vessel passes anterior to 3rd part of duodenum and posterior to neck of pancreas?

A

SMV

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5
Q

The duodenum and parts of the stomach are supplied by….

A

gastroduodenal artery

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6
Q

Which vessel passes anterior to the uncinate process of the pancreas?

A

SMA

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7
Q

SMA supplies blood to…

A

prox half of colon and small intestines

prox half of colon= cecum, ascending colon, and transverse colon

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8
Q

splenic vein begins at hilum of spleen and is joined by

A

short gastric and left gastroepiploic veins

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9
Q
  1. The portal vein enters…….
  2. The PV drains blood out of…….
  3. The PV has an anastomosis with….
A
  1. The portal vein enters…….lesser omentum
  2. The PV drains blood out of…….gastrointestinal tract
  3. The PV has an anastomosis with….esophageal veins,
    rectal venous plexus, and superficial abdominal veins
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10
Q

The main portal vein id formed __________to pancreas.

A

posterior

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11
Q

SMV joins_______to form the main portal vein.

A

splenic vein

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12
Q

normal diameter of aorta

A

less than23mm

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13
Q

aorta tapers________.

A

10-15mm

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14
Q

Demonstrates thrombosis of hepatic veins.

A

Budd-Chiari syndrome

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15
Q

30% of patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome are_____.

A

idiopathic

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16
Q

IMA distributes blood to…..

A

left transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid, and rectum

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17
Q

How many branches does IMA have?

A

3

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18
Q

The right renal artery passes_______to IVC.

A

posterior

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19
Q

Which vascular structure courses between aorta and SMA.

A

Left renal vein

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20
Q

The IVC courses anteriorly to enter the__________.

A

right atrium

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21
Q

Landmark to find celiac trunk

A

SMA

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22
Q

Which vascular structure relates to the medial and posterior borders or to the pancreatic body and tail?

A

splenic vein

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23
Q

gastroduodenal artery is a branch of the……..

A

common hepatic artery

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24
Q

most common cause of an abdominal aneurysm?

A

arteriosclerosis

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25
Q

Patients with lower trunk and leg edema and dilated IVC, an _______________should be suspected.

A

atrioventricular fistula

eddy hit me with his fist

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26
Q

Most common tumor to fill IVC.

A

renal cell carcinoma

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27
Q 
leg edema
low back pain
gastrointestinal complaints
liver  problems
renal problems

means what?

A

IVC thrombosis

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28
Q

Which plane passes through the hilum of the kidneys and neck of pancreas?

A

transpyloric plane

29
Q

Linea alba is in the abdominal wall and stretches from…

A

xiphoid to pubic symphysis

30
Q

central anterior attachment for muscle layers of the abdomen

A

linea alba

31
Q

material that covers an organ

A

visceral peritoneum

32
Q

epiploic foramen is an opening between….

A

greater and lesser sac (I have an epic sack)

33
Q

Fluid and infection may accumulate in the…..

A

peritoneal recesses

34
Q

muscles that make up the “sling”

in inferior boundary of true pelvis

A

coccygeus and levator ani muscles

levator ani muscles= pubococcygeus, puborectalis, iliococcygeus muscles)

35
Q

vital signs (medical measurements)

A
  1. temperature
  2. blood pressure
  3. pulse and breathing movements
36
Q

divides the pelvic peritoneal space into the anterior and posterior pouches

A

uterus

37
Q

oblique passageway through the lower part of the anterior abdominal wall is termed the:

A

inguinal canal

38
Q

the hernial sac is a diverticulum of the

A

peritoneum

39
Q

test used to evaluate the effects of heparin, aspirin, and antihistamines on the blood-clotting process

A

PTT (partial thromboplastin time)

40
Q

a higher percentage of positive cells is observed in the _______of a thyroid mass.

A

small calcifications

41
Q

in a renal transplant procedure, which part of the kidney is typically biopsied?

A

upper pole

42
Q

the international normalization ratio (INR) was

developed because of the variable results of ________among laboratories

A

PT

43
Q

What needle gauge is typically used in a fine-needle aspiration?

A

20-25 gauge

best with a cutting tip, such as Franseen needle

44
Q

biopsy that uses an automatic spring-loaded device to provide tissue for analysis

A

core biopsy

45
Q

role of cytopathology

A
  1. make sure enough diagnostic tissue is obtained
  2. increase amount of successful biopsies
  3. minimize # of core samples
46
Q

stop aspirin ________days before biopsy

A

5-7 days

47
Q

a preprocedural image should document the patient’s name and the:

A

time, date, and needle path

48
Q

most common organ biopsied

A

liver

49
Q

renal parenchymal biopsies are requested for patients with:

A

nephrotic syndrome
proteinuria
renal failure

(My nephew’s produces rental cars…NPR)

50
Q

Which part of a kidney is biopsied for a renal parenchymal biopsy?

A

lower pole

51
Q

storage diseases (3)

A
  1. amyloidosis
  2. Gaucher’s disease
  3. Niemann-Pick
52
Q

complication with renal biopsy

and with spleen

A

hematoma

hemorrhage

53
Q

which test could indicate liver lease

A

AFP

54
Q

where is the spleen located?

A

inf to diaphragm

posterior to hypochondrium

55
Q

lymph nodes emerge from the splenic hilum and coarse along…

A

splenic artery

56
Q

splenomegaly from…

A
  1. trauma
  2. congestion
  3. collagen vascular disease
57
Q

abnormal decrease in platelets may be the result of an…

A

internal hemorrhage

58
Q

abnormal decease in platelets, may be the result of internal bleeding, what is this called

A

thrombocytopenia

59
Q

normal sonographic appearance of splenic parenchyma

A

homogeneous, similar to liver

60
Q

in early sickle cell the spleen looks…

A

large w/ congestion of the red pulp

61
Q

progressive sickle cell, what happens

A

progressive infarction and fibrosis, size decreases

62
Q

location of spleen

A

left kidney inferior and medial to spleen

63
Q

function of spleen

A
  1. destruction of WBC
  2. makes plasma cells
  3. makes lymphocytes and kills abnormal ones
64
Q

what causes splenic infarction

A

cardiac embolism which occludes splenic artery and/or branches

65
Q

orange segment, tetrahedral, triangular

A

shape of spleen

66
Q

where are accessory spleens

A

hilum of spleen

67
Q

splenic vein courses along

A

posterior border of panc

68
Q

the spleen has two components joined at hilum

A

superomedial and inferolateral componenst

Midterm Abdominal (1 decks)

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