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X-Ray Procedures > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Csp APOM Upright/Recumbent

A

8x10
Portrait OR Landscape
Central Ray @ Uvula (Measure at C4)
0˚ tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: Mid-cheeks and up to the nose (include the mastoids)
The base of the skull should be even with the incisors and parallel to the floor. Say “AH” with suspended expiration

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2
Q

Csp APLC Upright/Recumbent

A

8x10
Portrait
Central Ray @ C4 (Measure at C6)
15˚ cephalad tube tilt
37’’ SID
Collumation: Lower margin of mandible to the clavicle
The jaw and base of the skull should be in the same plane as the central ray. Suspended expiration.

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3
Q

Csp NLC Upright (right only)

A 
8x10
Portrait 
Central Ray @ C4 (Measure at C6)
0˚ tube tilt
72'' SID
Collumation: Below and behind eye/ above EAM and 1-2'' below T1
Suspended full expiration
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4
Q

Csp Flexion Upright

A 
10x12
Landscape
Central Ray @ C4 (Measure at C4)
0˚ tube tilt 
72'' SID
Collumation: At EAM and 2'' ant. to EAM
Suspended full expiration
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5
Q

Csp Extension Upright

A 
8x10
Portrait 
Central Ray @ C4 (measure at C4)
0˚ tube tilt
72'' SID
Collumation: Film size
Suspended full expiration
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6
Q

Csp LPO Upright

A

8x10
Portrait
Central Ray @ C4 (measure at C6)
15˚ cephalad tube tilt
69’’ SID
Collumation; Top to bottom of film and tight lateral
Turn head towards buckey. Suspended full expiration

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7
Q

Csp RPO upright

A

8x10
Portrait
Central Ray @ C4 (measure at C6)
15˚ cephalad tube tilt
60’’ SID
Collumation: Top to bottom of film and tight lateral
Turn head towards buckey. Suspended expiration

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8
Q

Tsp AP Upright/Recumbent

A

14x17
Portrait
Central Ray @ T6-3’’ inferior to sternal angle
0˚ tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: Film size and to Cross lateral (8’’)
Supine - hips and knees flexed. Suspended inspiration
#2 filter, #4 filter if big

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9
Q

Tsp Lat Upright/Recumbent

A

14x17
Portrait
Central Ray @ T6-3’’ inferior to sternal angle
0˚ tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: Film size
Arms elevated anteriorly above the head; point elbows up and together. Suspended inspiration.

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10
Q

Chest PA Upright

A

14x17
Portrait (>33’’ do landscape)
Central Ray @T6 to film
0˚ tube tilt
72’’ SID
Collumation: to film size, 2’’ above shoulders
Chin elevated, hands over butt (funky chicken), shoulders rolled forward, inspiration and hold

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11
Q

Chest Lat Upright

A 
14x17
Set up as a PA first, then turn
Portrait
Centray Ray @ Mid-axilla
0˚ tube tilt
72'' SID
Collumation: to film size, 2'' above shoulders
Both arms elevated above head. Point elbows up. Inspiration and hold.
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12
Q

HIP AP Recumbent (R or L)

A

10x12
Portrait
Central Ray: b/t ASIS and pubic symphysis and 2’’ away from umbilicus
0˚ tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: to film size
Feet 15˚ internally rotated, suspended expiration

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13
Q

Hip Frog Leg Recumbent (R or L)

A

10x12
Portrait
Central Ray: b/t ASIS and pubic symphysis and 2’’ away from umbilicus
0˚ tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: to film size
Flex hip, knee, and foot to inside of leg. Suspended expiration

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14
Q

Pelvis AP Upright/Recumbent

A

14x17
Landscape
Central Ray: b/t symphysis pubis and iliac crest
0˚ tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: to film size
Suspended expiration. Internal rotation of feet 15 degrees

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15
Q

L-sp AP Upright/Recumbent

A

14x17
Portrait
Central Ray: Centered 1.5’’ Below Iliac Crest (Measure L4-L5)
0˚ tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: To film size
Measure b/t umbilicus and iliac crest (L4-L5), suspended expiration

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16
Q

Lsp Lat Upright/Recumbent

A 
14x17
Portrait
Central Ray: 1'' above iliac crest b/t PSIS and ASIS (upper femur line)
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: Film size, lateral to include lordosis
Male - Measure 1'' below iliac crests, 
Female - Measure at iliac crest
suspended expiration
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17
Q

Lsp RAO Recumbent

A

10x12
Portrait
Central Ray: 1’’ Lateral to L3 Sp. Measure in position (up side to table)
0 tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: Top-bottom of film and 8’’ laterally
Measure at L3, suspended expiration

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18
Q

Lsp AP Spot Recumbent

A 
8x10
Portrait
Central Ray: b/t umbilicus and pubic symphysis
20˚ tube tilt
36'' SID
Collumation: To film size
suspended expiration
Hibbs
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19
Q

Lsp PA Spot Recumbent

A 
10x12
Portrait
Central Ray: L5 Spinous
20˚ caudal tube tilt
36'' SID
Collumation: to film size
Suspended expiration
Hibbs
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20
Q

Lsp Lateral Spot Recumbent

A 
8x10
Portrait
Central Ray: 1'' Below iliac crest
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: To film size
Suspended expiration
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21
Q

AP Full Sp Upright

A 
14x36
Portrait
Central Ray: Centered to film, T10
0˚ tube tilt
72'' SID (if person is >72'', then increase SID to 84'')
Collumation: Exclude eyes, include ischial tubes, lateral at ASIS
Suspended Expiration
Filter #2
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22
Q

Coccyx AP Recumbent

A 
8x10
Portrait
Central Ray: 2.5'' above pubic symphysis
10˚ caudal tube tilt
38'' SID
5x5'' field
Suspended Expiration
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23
Q

Coccyx Lateral Recumbent

A 
8x10
Portrait
Central Ray: Sacro-coccygeal junction, 2'' ant to posterior sacral surface
0˚  tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: 8x8'' Field
Suspended Expiration
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24
Q

Sacrum AP Recumbent

A 
10x12
Portrait
Central Ray: b/t pubic symphysis and umbilicus
15˚ cephalad tube tilt
37'' SID
Collumation: To film size
Suspended expiration
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25
Q

Sacrum Lateral Recumbent

A 
10x12
Portrait
Central Ray: At ASIS and 2'' ant to posterior sacral surface
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: to film size
suspened expiration
26
Q

Shoulder Internal Rotation Recumbent Bucky

A 
Pronated hand
10x12
Portrait
Central Ray: Coracoid Process
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: To film size
Elbow epicondyles are perpendicular to film 
suspended expiration
27
Q

Shoulder External Rotation Recumbent Bucky

A 
Supinated hand
10x12
Portrait
Central Ray: Coracoid process
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: To film size
Elbows epicondyles are parallel to film. Suspended expiration
28
Q

Shoulder Baby Arm Recumbent Bucky

A 
10x12
Landscape
Central Ray: Coracoid at mid-clavicular line
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: To film size
Arm abducted 90 degrees, elbow flexed 90 degrees. Palm faces tube
suspended expiration
29
Q

Knee AP Recumbent Bucky

A 
8x10
Portrait
Central Ray: 1cm inf to patella
5˚ tube tilt
39'' SID
Collumation: To area of interest
Internally rotated 5 degrees
suspended expiration
30
Q

Knee Lat Recumbent Bucky

A 
8x10 
Portrait
Central Ray: 1cm distal to medial epicondyle
5˚ tube tilt
39-40'' SID
Collumation: to film size
Flex leg to 45˚, cross opposite leg over.
suspended expiration
31
Q

Knee Tunnel Recumbent Bucky

A 
8x10
Portrait
Central Ray: Popliteal fossa
45˚ caudal tube tilt
31'' SID
Collumation: To skin line (6x6)
Pt prone, knee flexed 45˚
Suspended expiration
32
Q

Knee Sunrise Recumbent Bucky

A 
8x10
Portrait
Central Ray: B/t patella and femoral condyles
10˚ cephalad tube  tilt
38'' SID
Collumation: 4x4 field
Knee fully flexed
suspended expiration
33
Q

Elbow AP Tabletop

A 
10x12 Split
Horizontal Split
Central Ray: B/t and 1'' Below Epicondyles
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: To arm
Arm extended, hand supine
suspended expiration
34
Q

Elbow Medial Oblique Tabletop

A 
10x12 Split
Horizontal Split
Central Ray: 1'' Below Epicondyles
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: To arm
Arm extended, hand prone, suspended expiration
35
Q

Elbow Lateral Tabletop

A 
10x12 Split
Horizontal Split
Central Ray: Mid-elbow ant to lateral epicondyle
0˚ tube tilt 
40'' SID
Collumation: To arm, 6x10'' Field
Elbow flexed 90˚, hand true lateral, humerus parallel with shoulder, abducted 90˚ 
suspended expiration
36
Q

Elbow Jones Tabletop (Tangential)

A 
10x12 Split
Horizontal Split
Central Ray: 2'' above olecranon tip
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: 6x6'' field
Elbow full flexion, humerus parallel to film, suspended expiration
37
Q

Wrist PA Tabletop

A 
10x12 (1/4ths)
Portrait (1/4ths)
Central Ray: Mid MC or Scaphoid
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: To wrist
Forearm prone, loose fist
suspended expiration
38
Q

Wrist Ulnar Deviated Tabletop

A 
10x12 (1/4ths)
Portrait (1/4ths)
Central Ray: Mid MC or scaphoid
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: To wrist
Forearm prone, ulnar deviated, suspended expiration
39
Q

Wrist Medial Tabletop

A 
10x12 (1/4ths)
Portrait (1/4ths)
Central Ray: Mid MC or scaphoid
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: To wrist
Forearm semi-prone, 45˚ to film
suspended expiration
40
Q

Wrist Lateral Tabletop

A 
10x12 (1/4ths)
Portrait (1/4ths)
Central Ray: Mid MC or Scaphoid
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID 
Collumation: To hand
Forearm true lateral
suspended expiration
41
Q

Hand PA Tabletop

A 
8x10
Portrait
3rd MC Head
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: To hand
Palm down, fingers extended
suspended expiration
42
Q

Hand Medial Oblique Tabletop

A 
8x10
Portrait
B/t 2nd and 3rd MC Heads
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: To hand
Hand semi-prone 45 degrees, fingers extended
suspended expiration
43
Q

Hand Lateral Tabletop

A

8x10
Portrait
Central Ray: Proximal interphalangeal joint
0˚ tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: To hand
Hand semi-prone 45˚, fingers extended, suspended expiration

44
Q

Ankle AP Tabletop

A

10x12 Split
Horizontal Split
Central Ray: b/t medial and lateral malleolus
0˚ tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: 6x10’’ field
Dorsiflexed, internally rotated leg for malleoli to be parallel. Suspended expiration

45
Q

Ankle Medial Oblique Tabletop

A 
10x12 Split
Horizontal Split
Central Ray: B/t medial and lateral malleolus
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: 6x10'' Field
Dorsiflexed, internally rotated 35˚
suspended expiration
Medial Oblique Ankle Position: 2 fingers under lateral border of foot
46
Q

Ankle Lateral Tabletop

A 
8x10
Portrait
Central Ray: Medial malleolus
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: to film size
Dorsiflexed, cross opposite leg over
suspended expiration
47
Q

Foot AP Tabletop

A 
10x12 Split 
Portrait Split
Central Ray: Base of 3rd MT
10˚ tube tilt
38'' SID
Collumation: 5x12'' field
Knee flexed 
Suspended Expiration
48
Q

Foot Medial Oblique Tabletop

A 
10x12 Split 
Portrait Split
Central Ray: Base of 3rd MT
10˚ tube tilt
38'' SID
Collumation: 5x12'' field
Knee flexed and internally rotated 35˚
Suspended Expiration
Medial oblique foot position: 2 fingers under lateral border of foot
49
Q

Foot Lateral Tabletop

A 
8x10
Horizontal
Central Ray: Navicular
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: To film size
Cross opposite leg over
suspended expiraton
50
Q

Calcaneus Axial Tabletop

A 
8x10 Split
Horizontal Split
Central Ray: 2'' up from back of heel
35-40˚ tube tilt
32-33'' SID
Collumation: 5x5'' Field
Dorsiflexed
Suspended expiration
Axial calcaneus placement: Heel at edge of tilt (d/t angle)
51
Q

Calcaneus Lateral Tabletop

A

8x10 Split
Horizontal Split
Central Ray: 1.5’ Up from plantar surface of heel and 2’’ from posterior heel
0˚ tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: 5x5’’ Field
Cross opposite leg over, suspended expiration

52
Q

Procedure For All Views

A 
Pt is naked and gowned and proper shielding is used.
Head is towards the wall bucky when using the table 
Prepare Region
Measure part.
Set machine console according
Proper size and film orientation.
Central Ray set to film
Tray locked and pushed in.
Mitchell Marker.
GRID IF >10 CM!!!!
Patient Position
Tube tilt
Source Image Distance
Central Ray Location
Filtration and Collumation
Lead apron, gonadal shielding, 10 day rule
Patient breathing instructions
Prepare and expose
53
Q

KBP

A

Higher KBP = More shades of gray (low contrast) = good for chest X-ray (and looking at soft tissue)
Lower KBP = Less shades of gray = looking specifically for bone (thoracic spine = 75KBP)

54
Q

1’’ = ?

A

2.54cm

55
Q

Tube tilt

A

Reduce distance 1’’ for every 5˚ of tube tilt

56
Q

Inverse Square Rule

A

AP knee, normally done at 40’’. If this person has a large butt, their butt is increasing the object to image distance. This would increase magnification. Let’s take this out to 84’’. 40^2=1600 84^2=7056. Let’s say you would normally do this at 70kVP w/12MAs at 40’’. 7056/1600=4.41 12MAsx4.41=53MAs

57
Q

Filter

A

We use a filter on the thoracic spine to even out tissue thickness, put thick part on top to even out the thinner side
Otherwise, we would overexpose thin parts and underexpose thick parts

58
Q

Grid

A

Reduces scatter and makes image sharper, use if >10cm

59
Q

Anode heel effect —> the central ray is

A

Decreased @ Anode End
Increased @ Cathode End
When you x-ray a body part that varies in thickness, you want the anode side of the tube toward the thinner area

60
Q

Exposure

A

Higher mAs = Darker image (higher exposure)

Higher SID = lighter image (lower exposure)

X-Ray Procedures (2 decks)

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