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Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Csp APOM Upright/Recumbent

A

8x10
Portrait OR Landscape
Central Ray @ Uvula (Measure at C4)
0˚ tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: Mid-cheeks and up to the nose (include the mastoids)
The base of the skull should be even with the incisors and parallel to the floor. Say “AH” with suspended expiration

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2
Q

Csp APLC Upright/Recumbent

A

8x10
Portrait
Central Ray @ C4 (Measure at C6)
15˚ cephalad tube tilt
37’’ SID
Collumation: Lower margin of mandible to the clavicle
The jaw and base of the skull should be in the same plane as the central ray. Suspended expiration.

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3
Q

Csp NLC Upright (right only)

A 
8x10
Portrait 
Central Ray @ C4 (Measure at C6)
0˚ tube tilt
72'' SID
Collumation: Below and behind eye/ above EAM and 1-2'' below T1
Suspended full expiration
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4
Q

Csp Flexion Upright

A 
10x12
Landscape
Central Ray @ C4 (Measure at C4)
0˚ tube tilt 
72'' SID
Collumation: At EAM and 2'' ant. to EAM
Suspended full expiration
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5
Q

Csp Extension Upright

A 
8x10
Portrait 
Central Ray @ C4 (measure at C4)
0˚ tube tilt
72'' SID
Collumation: Film size
Suspended full expiration
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6
Q

Csp LPO Upright

A

8x10
Portrait
Central Ray @ C4 (measure at C6)
15˚ cephalad tube tilt
69’’ SID
Collumation; Top to bottom of film and tight lateral
Turn head towards buckey. Suspended full expiration

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7
Q

Csp RPO upright

A

8x10
Portrait
Central Ray @ C4 (measure at C6)
15˚ cephalad tube tilt
60’’ SID
Collumation: Top to bottom of film and tight lateral
Turn head towards buckey. Suspended expiration

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8
Q

Tsp AP Upright/Recumbent

A

14x17
Portrait
Central Ray @ T6-3’’ inferior to sternal angle
0˚ tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: Film size and to Cross lateral (8’’)
Supine - hips and knees flexed. Suspended inspiration
#2 filter, #4 filter if big

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9
Q

Tsp Lat Upright/Recumbent

A

14x17
Portrait
Central Ray @ T6-3’’ inferior to sternal angle
0˚ tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: Film size
Arms elevated anteriorly above the head; point elbows up and together. Suspended inspiration.

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10
Q

Chest PA Upright

A

14x17
Portrait (>33’’ do landscape)
Central Ray @T6 to film
0˚ tube tilt
72’’ SID
Collumation: to film size, 2’’ above shoulders
Chin elevated, hands over butt (funky chicken), shoulders rolled forward, inspiration and hold

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11
Q

Chest Lat Upright

A 
14x17
Set up as a PA first, then turn
Portrait
Centray Ray @ Mid-axilla
0˚ tube tilt
72'' SID
Collumation: to film size, 2'' above shoulders
Both arms elevated above head. Point elbows up. Inspiration and hold.
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12
Q

HIP AP Recumbent (R or L)

A

10x12
Portrait
Central Ray: b/t ASIS and pubic symphysis and 2’’ away from umbilicus
0˚ tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: to film size
Feet 15˚ internally rotated, suspended expiration

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13
Q

Hip Frog Leg Recumbent (R or L)

A

10x12
Portrait
Central Ray: b/t ASIS and pubic symphysis and 2’’ away from umbilicus
0˚ tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: to film size
Flex hip, knee, and foot to inside of leg. Suspended expiration

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14
Q

Pelvis AP Upright/Recumbent

A

14x17
Landscape
Central Ray: b/t symphysis pubis and iliac crest
0˚ tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: to film size
Suspended expiration. Internal rotation of feet 15 degrees

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15
Q

L-sp AP Upright/Recumbent

A

14x17
Portrait
Central Ray: Centered 1.5’’ Below Iliac Crest (Measure L4-L5)
0˚ tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: To film size
Measure b/t umbilicus and iliac crest (L4-L5), suspended expiration

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16
Q

Lsp Lat Upright/Recumbent

A 
14x17
Portrait
Central Ray: 1'' above iliac crest b/t PSIS and ASIS (upper femur line)
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: Film size, lateral to include lordosis
Male - Measure 1'' below iliac crests, 
Female - Measure at iliac crest
suspended expiration
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17
Q

Lsp RAO Recumbent

A

10x12
Portrait
Central Ray: 1’’ Lateral to L3 Sp. Measure in position (up side to table)
0 tube tilt
40’’ SID
Collumation: Top-bottom of film and 8’’ laterally
Measure at L3, suspended expiration

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18
Q

Lsp AP Spot Recumbent

A 
8x10
Portrait
Central Ray: b/t umbilicus and pubic symphysis
20˚ tube tilt
36'' SID
Collumation: To film size
suspended expiration
Hibbs
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19
Q

Lsp PA Spot Recumbent

A 
10x12
Portrait
Central Ray: L5 Spinous
20˚ caudal tube tilt
36'' SID
Collumation: to film size
Suspended expiration
Hibbs
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20
Q

Lsp Lateral Spot Recumbent

A 
8x10
Portrait
Central Ray: 1'' Below iliac crest
0˚ tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: To film size
Suspended expiration
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21
Q

AP Full Sp Upright

A 
14x36
Portrait
Central Ray: Centered to film, T10
0˚ tube tilt
72'' SID (if person is >72'', then increase SID to 84'')
Collumation: Exclude eyes, include ischial tubes, lateral at ASIS
Suspended Expiration
Filter #2
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22
Q

Coccyx AP Recumbent

A 
8x10
Portrait
Central Ray: 2.5'' above pubic symphysis
10˚ caudal tube tilt
38'' SID
5x5'' field
Suspended Expiration
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23
Q

Coccyx Lateral Recumbent

A 
8x10
Portrait
Central Ray: Sacro-coccygeal junction, 2'' ant to posterior sacral surface
0˚  tube tilt
40'' SID
Collumation: 8x8'' Field
Suspended Expiration
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24
Q

Sacrum AP Recumbent

A 
10x12
Portrait
Central Ray: b/t pubic symphysis and umbilicus
15˚ cephalad tube tilt
37'' SID
Collumation: To film size
Suspended expiration
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25
Sacrum Lateral Recumbent
``` 10x12 Portrait Central Ray: At ASIS and 2'' ant to posterior sacral surface 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: to film size suspened expiration ```
26
Shoulder Internal Rotation Recumbent Bucky
``` Pronated hand 10x12 Portrait Central Ray: Coracoid Process 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: To film size Elbow epicondyles are perpendicular to film suspended expiration ```
27
Shoulder External Rotation Recumbent Bucky
``` Supinated hand 10x12 Portrait Central Ray: Coracoid process 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: To film size Elbows epicondyles are parallel to film. Suspended expiration ```
28
Shoulder Baby Arm Recumbent Bucky
``` 10x12 Landscape Central Ray: Coracoid at mid-clavicular line 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: To film size Arm abducted 90 degrees, elbow flexed 90 degrees. Palm faces tube suspended expiration ```
29
Knee AP Recumbent Bucky
``` 8x10 Portrait Central Ray: 1cm inf to patella 5˚ tube tilt 39'' SID Collumation: To area of interest Internally rotated 5 degrees suspended expiration ```
30
Knee Lat Recumbent Bucky
``` 8x10 Portrait Central Ray: 1cm distal to medial epicondyle 5˚ tube tilt 39-40'' SID Collumation: to film size Flex leg to 45˚, cross opposite leg over. suspended expiration ```
31
Knee Tunnel Recumbent Bucky
``` 8x10 Portrait Central Ray: Popliteal fossa 45˚ caudal tube tilt 31'' SID Collumation: To skin line (6x6) Pt prone, knee flexed 45˚ Suspended expiration ```
32
Knee Sunrise Recumbent Bucky
``` 8x10 Portrait Central Ray: B/t patella and femoral condyles 10˚ cephalad tube tilt 38'' SID Collumation: 4x4 field Knee fully flexed suspended expiration ```
33
Elbow AP Tabletop
``` 10x12 Split Horizontal Split Central Ray: B/t and 1'' Below Epicondyles 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: To arm Arm extended, hand supine suspended expiration ```
34
Elbow Medial Oblique Tabletop
``` 10x12 Split Horizontal Split Central Ray: 1'' Below Epicondyles 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: To arm Arm extended, hand prone, suspended expiration ```
35
Elbow Lateral Tabletop
``` 10x12 Split Horizontal Split Central Ray: Mid-elbow ant to lateral epicondyle 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: To arm, 6x10'' Field Elbow flexed 90˚, hand true lateral, humerus parallel with shoulder, abducted 90˚ suspended expiration ```
36
Elbow Jones Tabletop (Tangential)
``` 10x12 Split Horizontal Split Central Ray: 2'' above olecranon tip 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: 6x6'' field Elbow full flexion, humerus parallel to film, suspended expiration ```
37
Wrist PA Tabletop
``` 10x12 (1/4ths) Portrait (1/4ths) Central Ray: Mid MC or Scaphoid 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: To wrist Forearm prone, loose fist suspended expiration ```
38
Wrist Ulnar Deviated Tabletop
``` 10x12 (1/4ths) Portrait (1/4ths) Central Ray: Mid MC or scaphoid 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: To wrist Forearm prone, ulnar deviated, suspended expiration ```
39
Wrist Medial Tabletop
``` 10x12 (1/4ths) Portrait (1/4ths) Central Ray: Mid MC or scaphoid 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: To wrist Forearm semi-prone, 45˚ to film suspended expiration ```
40
Wrist Lateral Tabletop
``` 10x12 (1/4ths) Portrait (1/4ths) Central Ray: Mid MC or Scaphoid 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: To hand Forearm true lateral suspended expiration ```
41
Hand PA Tabletop
``` 8x10 Portrait 3rd MC Head 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: To hand Palm down, fingers extended suspended expiration ```
42
Hand Medial Oblique Tabletop
``` 8x10 Portrait B/t 2nd and 3rd MC Heads 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: To hand Hand semi-prone 45 degrees, fingers extended suspended expiration ```
43
Hand Lateral Tabletop
8x10 Portrait Central Ray: Proximal interphalangeal joint 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: To hand Hand semi-prone 45˚, fingers extended, suspended expiration
44
Ankle AP Tabletop
10x12 Split Horizontal Split Central Ray: b/t medial and lateral malleolus 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: 6x10'' field Dorsiflexed, internally rotated leg for malleoli to be parallel. Suspended expiration
45
Ankle Medial Oblique Tabletop
``` 10x12 Split Horizontal Split Central Ray: B/t medial and lateral malleolus 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: 6x10'' Field Dorsiflexed, internally rotated 35˚ suspended expiration Medial Oblique Ankle Position: 2 fingers under lateral border of foot ```
46
Ankle Lateral Tabletop
``` 8x10 Portrait Central Ray: Medial malleolus 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: to film size Dorsiflexed, cross opposite leg over suspended expiration ```
47
Foot AP Tabletop
``` 10x12 Split Portrait Split Central Ray: Base of 3rd MT 10˚ tube tilt 38'' SID Collumation: 5x12'' field Knee flexed Suspended Expiration ```
48
Foot Medial Oblique Tabletop
``` 10x12 Split Portrait Split Central Ray: Base of 3rd MT 10˚ tube tilt 38'' SID Collumation: 5x12'' field Knee flexed and internally rotated 35˚ Suspended Expiration Medial oblique foot position: 2 fingers under lateral border of foot ```
49
Foot Lateral Tabletop
``` 8x10 Horizontal Central Ray: Navicular 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: To film size Cross opposite leg over suspended expiraton ```
50
Calcaneus Axial Tabletop
``` 8x10 Split Horizontal Split Central Ray: 2'' up from back of heel 35-40˚ tube tilt 32-33'' SID Collumation: 5x5'' Field Dorsiflexed Suspended expiration Axial calcaneus placement: Heel at edge of tilt (d/t angle) ```
51
Calcaneus Lateral Tabletop
8x10 Split Horizontal Split Central Ray: 1.5' Up from plantar surface of heel and 2'' from posterior heel 0˚ tube tilt 40'' SID Collumation: 5x5'' Field Cross opposite leg over, suspended expiration
52
Procedure For All Views
``` Pt is naked and gowned and proper shielding is used. Head is towards the wall bucky when using the table Prepare Region Measure part. Set machine console according Proper size and film orientation. Central Ray set to film Tray locked and pushed in. Mitchell Marker. GRID IF >10 CM!!!! Patient Position Tube tilt Source Image Distance Central Ray Location Filtration and Collumation Lead apron, gonadal shielding, 10 day rule Patient breathing instructions Prepare and expose ```
53
KBP
Higher KBP = More shades of gray (low contrast) = good for chest X-ray (and looking at soft tissue) Lower KBP = Less shades of gray = looking specifically for bone (thoracic spine = 75KBP)
54
1'' = ?
2.54cm
55
Tube tilt
Reduce distance 1'' for every 5˚ of tube tilt
56
Inverse Square Rule
AP knee, normally done at 40''. If this person has a large butt, their butt is increasing the object to image distance. This would increase magnification. Let's take this out to 84''. 40^2=1600 84^2=7056. Let's say you would normally do this at 70kVP w/12MAs at 40''. 7056/1600=4.41 12MAsx4.41=53MAs
57
Filter
We use a filter on the thoracic spine to even out tissue thickness, put thick part on top to even out the thinner side Otherwise, we would overexpose thin parts and underexpose thick parts
58
Grid
Reduces scatter and makes image sharper, use if >10cm
59
Anode heel effect ---> the central ray is
Decreased @ Anode End Increased @ Cathode End When you x-ray a body part that varies in thickness, you want the anode side of the tube toward the thinner area
60
Exposure
Higher mAs = Darker image (higher exposure) | Higher SID = lighter image (lower exposure)

X-Ray Procedures (2 decks)

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