midterm Flashcards
injustice
both the lack of concern for and the violation of the well-being of others or oneself
ecological justice
recognizes our responsibility to coexist in harmony for the well-being of the earth community
justice for all of god’s creations
ex. humane society (org)
individual justice
concerned with obligations between individuals, fairness, and respect in one-to-one relationships
ex. parent-child, teacher-student
distributive justice
concerned with obligations a society has towards its members
concerned with the role of government, corporation communities, and individuals in the just distribution of societies resources
ex. gas prices, employment insurance, etc
social justice
concerned with the obligations of individuals within subgroups have toward their own community, the larger society, and the world as a whole
ex. MADD, protests, relay for life
equality
all humans are equal. It assumes seamless, uniformity, and interchangeability
equal outcomes for everyone
it is not take a persons individuality into account
equity
recognizes diversity and differences. It looks for fairness in diverse people and takes individual needs into account
diversity
refers to any and all differences between and among people. Those that are visible and those that are not
discrimination
is the unfair or prejudice treatment of people in groups based on characteristics such as race, gender, age, sexual orientation, etc.
stereotypes
A fixed, overgeneralize belief about a particular group or class of people
oppression
prolonged cruel or unjust treatment or control
encyclicals
One of the highest forms of communication by the pope
usually deals with some aspect of Catholic teaching - clarifying, amplifying, condemning or promoting one or a number of issues
bias
is a prejudice in favour of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another usually in a way that’s considered unfair
conscious bias
also known as explicit bias
unconscious bias
also known as implicit bias
Microaggressions
The every day slight, indignities, put downs, and insults at members of marginalized groups experience in their day-to-day interactions with individuals who are often unaware that they have engaged in an offensive or demeaning way
Microassaults
The most overt micro aggressions. With microassault, the person committing the microaggression acted intentionally and knew their behaviour might be hurtful
Micro insult
insults that are verbal or nonverbal and that subtly convey rudeness or insensitivity and demean someone’s racial heritage or identity
Micro invalidations
comments and behaviours that deny the experiences of marginalized groups
ex. insisting that prejudice is no longer a problem in society
environmental microaggression
something in the physical or social context communicates a negative message to a member of a marginalized group
ex. lack of representation of various marginalized groups in TVs movies media
norms
govern our lives by giving us implicit and explicit guidance on what to think and believe, how to behave, and how to interact with others.
Four types of norms: folkways, Mores , taboos, and laws
folkways
The distinction between rude and play behavior. They exert a form of social pressure on us to act and interact in certain ways, and there are really consequences for violating one
Mores
more strict than folkways, as they determine what is considered moral and ethical behaviour (structures the difference between right and wrong), people feel strongly about morals, and violating them typically result in disapproval or ostracizing
taboos
A very strong, negative norm: it is a strict prohibition of behaviour that society holds so strongly that violating result in extreme discuss or expulsion from the group or society
laws
A norm that is formally inscribed and it’s enforced by the state. Laws exist because the violation of the norms of behaviour they govern would typically result in injury or harm to another person, or considered violations of the property rights of others
UN declaration of human rights
adopted in December 2019 48. Consist of 30 articles affirming and individuals rights. Was the first step in creating the international bill of human rights. The declaration was explicitly adopted for the purpose of defining the meaning of the words ‘fundamental freedoms’ and ‘human rights’ appearing in the United Nations charter, which is binding on all member states.
Life and dignity of the human person
all people are sacred - made in the image of God
emphasizes people over things. People do not lose secondly because of a disability, poverty, age, lack of success, or race
this principle is the foundation for the churches promotion of respect for human life. this Catholic teaching also calls on us to work to avoid war. nations must protect the right to life by finding increasingly effective ways to prevent complex and resolve them by peaceful means
call for family, community, and participation
people are sacred and social. People grow and achieve fulfilment and community. everyone has the right and duty to participate in society, seeking to get to the common good
The family is a central social institution that must be supported and strengthened
Rights and responsibilities
people have a fundamental right to life food shelter healthcare education and employment. All people have the right to participate in decisions that affect their lives. We have duties as citizens.
For example, we have a duty to respect the right of others in society. I’ll be at persons have a responsibility to participate in social and political activities that promote the common good (voting).
option for the poor and vulnerable
we are called to look at public policy decisions in terms of how they affect the poor. They should not put one group against another, it shows that the powerlessness of the poor wounds the whole community
The dignity of work and the rights of workers
The economy exist to serve people, not the other way around. People have the right to productive work and fair wages in order for the dignity of work to be protected. Workers have the right to safe workplace, the right to form unions, and the right to participate in making decisions that affect them in the workplace
solidarity
we are one human family whatever our national, racial, ethnic, economic, and ideological differences.
we are called to work globally for justice and peace.
care for creation
The earth is a gift from God. The resources on earth should be for the benefit of everyone. We have a responsibility to care for the earth. We should not just be consumers and users. How we treat the environment is a sign of respect for the creator.
Criteria of a good inquiry question
an invitation to think. Require support and justification, not just an answer. Open ended: typically there is not a final or correct answer. Arises from genuine curiosity and confusion about the world. Makes you think about some thing in a way you never consider before. Invite both deep thinking and deep feelings. Asks you to think ethically. Leads to more good questions. Avoid creating leading questions.
An inquiry is a process used to solve problems, create knowledge, resolve doubts, and find the truth
media Literacy
is the ability to side through and analyze the messages that inform, entertain, and sell to us on a daily basis. To do this we need to use critical thinking skills to analyze all media. That is, we need to question what lies beneath the production of a particular type of media
to be media literate
use media wisely and effectively. Evaluate media messages critically by considering the credibility of the information. Understand the power of visual images and how to read them. Be aware of diverse cultural perspectives. Recognize at the media influences beliefs, attitudes, values, and behaviours of people
microstructures
The patterns of intimate social relations forms are in face-to-face interactions with families, friends, and peer groups.
macro structures
The patterns of social relations that light outside and above your circle of micro structures. These include governmental system at A municipal and provincial level, organizations and agencies, etc.
Global structures
The international organizations, patterns of worldwide travel and communication, and the economic relations between countries
perspective taking
A source of many conflicts in today’s relationships is our inability to see things from another person‘s perspective/viewpoint
perspective of self
this is how the problem, is interpreted from your own experience, based on your own thoughts and feelings in that situation
perspective of others
this is how the problem is interpreted from the experiences at the other person involved in the situation, based on your thoughts and feelings
perspective of third part
this is how the problem is interpreted from someone who isn’t involved in the situation, but instead looking from a neutral outside perspective
tips for improving your perspective taking
Remember yours is the only one. Walk yourself through everyone’s point of you when faced with a problem. Put yourself in other person shoes. Identify common ground. Acknowledge differences
Ways we see poverty
Poor education. Lack of power. No access to clean water. Low status. Vulnerability. In adequate nourishment and clothing. Poor health. Unemployment.
causes of poverty
accidents and natural disasters, with inadequate adequate insurance. War or civil unrest. Family breakdown. Changes in government policy. Employment related problems. Social exclusion and no access to benefits or inadequate benefits. Poor health. Personal debt
absolute poverty
is measured by comparing a persons total income against the total cost of a specific basket of essential goods and services.
relative poverty
Compares a persons total income and spending patterns with those of the general population
World banks definition on absolute poverty
absolute poverty is living on below US $1.90 a day, and moderate poverty is living on US $3.10 a day.
based on these figures, half the worlds population, about 3 billion people, are considered poor with one in six living in extreme poverty
Phileo
Phileo is brotherly love. It is the love that friends share and can exist between family members. It is not passionate like a Love between husband and wife. It’s one that is shared between church members. For example, the word Jesus used about Peter was ‘agapao’. Jesus was using the strongest of all types of love, agape.
eros
eros love is about sex. The root word being a Roddick. This type of love occurs between a man and a woman within the confines of marriage
stergein
is what a sister and brother have for one another. Like Phileo, it is not a passionate love but one that has strong feelings between family members
agape
Is Greek word for love and it’s ultimate. Agape love is not like sibling love or a love between a husband and a wife. it is the most self-sacrificing love that there is. This type of love is the love that God has for his own children. This type of love is what was displayed on the cross by Jesus Christ.
In John 3:16 it is written that “ God so loved the world that he gave his only begotten son that whoever believes in him shall not Parrish but have everlasting life”
privilege
A specific unearned earned right, advantage or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group of people. Privilege doesn’t mean you didn’t work hard. Many people think that having privilege means you have had an easy life. As such, they feel personally attacked when people point out their privilege. To them, it feels as if someone is saying they haven’t worked hard or enjoyed any difficulties.
White privilege
Being born with white skin in a western developed country
you are afforded certain honour and privilege is that people with different skin colours are not afforded
factors of privilege
citizenship: simply being born in this country for two certain privileges non-citizens will never access. Class: being born into a financially stable family can help guarantee your health, happiness, safety, education, intelligence, and future opportunities. Sexual orientation: by being born straight, you don’t have to worry about showing affection to your partner or fight for your right to marry the one you love. Sex: if one male, you can assume that you can walk through a parking garage without worrying you’ll be raped and that a defence attorney will then blame it on what you were wearing. ability and gender.
