Midterm Flashcards
work done at a constant pressure is
irreversible
____________. is used when finding the heat of a calorimeter
heat capacity not specific heat capacity because mass is not taken into account
_________________ the transition of a substance directly from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid phase
sublimation
Delta H sublimation
Delta H vaporization + Delta H fusion
Formula for irreversible expansion
-P ext * Delta V system
formula for reversible expansion
-nrt lnv2/v1
State functions
PD TV HUGS
the mixing of reactions to calculate delta H is called
Hess’s law
what formula do you use to calculate residual entropy?
the one with Kb
trends for higher molar entropy
- more massive/complex
- gas>liquid> solid
- gas with less pressure
- less rigid structure
spontaneous reactions have
negative delta G’s
non spontaneous reactions have
positive delta G’s
In a reversible process delta delta S surroundings is
equal to 0
Delta S reaction
Delta S surroundings + Delta S system
____________- when the forward. and reverse rates are equal {R] and [P] constant
Equilibrium
what states are included and what are not in an equilibrium constant
(aq) and (g) included
(s) and (l) no included
in increasing the pressure you are
decreasing the volume
if the system is compressed it will move toward
the side with more moles
change in internal energy is zero when
temperature does not change
closed system
matter can not be exchange but energy can be
isolated system
neither matter nor energy can be exchanged
W in residual entropy
(micro states) ^(particles)
Delta S surroundings is equal to zero when
the system isolated m is
Delta S total is equal to zero when
the reaction is reversible
