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Technique One Class > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What must you do before palpating a patient

A

Ask for consent

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2
Q

What is the doctor conduct

A

The professional has a duty to, without exception or reservation, consider the need, health, and well being of the client above the needs or desires of him or herself

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3
Q

What is the definition of palpation

A

To examine or explore by touching (an organ or area of the body) usually as a diagnostic aid.

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4
Q

What are the three components to palpating

A

Locating a structure, becoming aware of its characteristics, assessing its quality or condition so you can determine how to treat it

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5
Q

What are the three principles of palpation

A

Move slowly, avoid using excessive pressure, be present and mindful

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6
Q

What are the tables used in technique class

A

Zenith tables

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7
Q

What are the two doctor’s stance

A

Fencer/lunge and toggle/square stance

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8
Q

What is the fencer/ lunge stance

A

Legs are separated at shoulder width or greater and angled to the torso. Knees are bent, doctor’s back heel is off of the floor. Doctor can easily transfer weight forward and inferior toward his front foot

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9
Q

What is toggle/ square stance

A

Feet are parallel and aligned in the coronal plane. Maintain a neutral spinal posture by widening the stance and bending at the knees and hips.

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10
Q

Doctor’s stance should include

A

Contract/ engage abdomen and glutes and shoulders back

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11
Q

What to use when creating stability when palpating deeper structures

A

Both hands

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12
Q

How to use both hands when trying to increase stability

A

Place one hand on top of the other and apply pressure with the top hand to direct movement and depth while the bottom hand stays relaxed in order to palpate

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13
Q

What are the landmarks of the C spine

A

C1 TVP, C6 and C7

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14
Q

Landmarks of T spine

A

T3 and T7

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15
Q

Lumbar landmarks

A

L4

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16
Q

Sacrum landmark

A

S2

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17
Q

What is the last freely movable segment

A

C6

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18
Q

Vertebral prominence is where

A

C7

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19
Q

What vertebrae lines up with spine of scapula

A

T3

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20
Q

What vertebra lines up with the inferior border of scapula

A

T7

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21
Q

What vertebra lines up with the superior portion of iliac crest

A

L4

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22
Q

What are the landmarks of the anterior pelvis

A

ASIS and pubic bone

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23
Q

What are the landmarks of the posterior pelvic bone

A

PSIS and S2 tubercle

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24
Q

AKA of preload

A

Take off force

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25
Q

What is preload

A

Force applied to the body part being adjusted to take out excess slack in tissues and preload the joint to prepare it for an adjustment

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26
Q

AKA of thrust

A

Peak impulse force

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27
Q

What is thrust

A

Greatest amount of impulse force that you apply during adjustment

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28
Q

Equation for peak impulse force

A

Total force- take off force

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29
Q

What is the way FSTT measures speed

A

Time to peak force

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30
Q

What would occur during a general assessment

A

History (symptoms, family hx), inspection (symmetry, muscle balancing, redness swelling, temp, scoliosis, moles, scars), palpation

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31
Q

What to find in T spine palpation

A

Spinous process, interspinous space and TVP

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32
Q

TVP guideline of upper thoracic (T1-T4)

A

1 SP up and 1 to 1 1/2” lateral

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33
Q

TVP guideline to middle thoracic T5-T8

A

2 interspinous spaces up and 1-1 1/2” lateral

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34
Q

TVP guidelines lower thoracic T9-T12

A

1 SP up and 1-1 1/2” lateral

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35
Q

Muscles on the back to palpate

A

Trapezius, SCM, levator scapula, deltoid, teres major, infraspinatus, rhomboid major, latissimus dorsi

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36
Q

What do you look for in lumbar spine palpation

A

Spinous process, interspinous space, mammillary process

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37
Q

What to look for in pelvis palpation

A

Iliac crest, PSIS, S2 tubercle, ischial tuberosity, greater trochanter of femur, SI joint and coccyx

38
Q

What characteristics of typical C-spine vertebrae

A

Rectangular body, bifid SP, 3 cervical lips (2 uncinate lateral process and 1 anterior-inferior process), bilateral TVP located anterior to the superior articular process, bilateral Transverse foramina in TVP, bilateral costotransverse grooves on each TVP, triangular shape spinal foramen

39
Q

Characteristics of atlas

A

Ring shaped, no body no sp

40
Q

Characteristics of Axis

A

No lateral uncinate process, odontological process (dens)

41
Q

What are the suboccipital muscles

A

Obliquus capitis superior, obliquus capitis inferior, rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor

42
Q

What can you palpate in lumbar spine

A

Spinous process, interspinous space, mammillary process

43
Q

What to palpate on pelvis

A

Iliac crest, PSIS, S2 tubercle, ischial tuberosity, greater trochanter, SI joint, coccyx

44
Q

What does SOAP stand for

A

Subjective, objective, assessment and plan

45
Q

What is covered under subjective portion

A

Health history intake paperwork, case history

46
Q

What acronym is used for focused case history

A

OPQRST

47
Q

What does OPQRST stand for

A

Onset, palliative/ provocative, quality, radiating, severity and time

48
Q

Objective portion is

A

Based on chiros point of view using outcome assessments

49
Q

What would be under assessment of SOAP

A

General assessment, diagnosis, phases of healing, overall prognosis, complicating factors, ADLs

50
Q

What is under plan of SOAP

A

Treatment plan and billing

51
Q

What is under treatment plan

A

Including treatments, at home care, recommendations, alerts, referrals, plan start and stop date

52
Q

What are phases of healing

A

Subacute, acute, chronic and preventative

53
Q

What would be under health history intake of subjective portion

A

Demographics including employment, problem area, medications, supplements, allergies, ROS, personal medical hx, family medical hx, smoking hx, social hx, and occupation/recreational hx

54
Q

Posture definition

A

Intrinsic mechanisms of the human body that counteract gravity

55
Q

What are the three components of postural input

A

Vestibulocochlear system, visual system and somatosensory system

56
Q

The vestibulocochlear system has what two systems

A

Cochlear and vestibular

57
Q

What is cochlear

A

Hearing

58
Q

What is vestibular

A

Our awareness of head orientation with respect to gravity and the head’s changes in velocity and direction

59
Q

Visual system consists of

A

Visual proprioception

60
Q

What is visual proprioception

A

Where our bodies are in space, eyes stay even

61
Q

What is the somatosensory system

A

Signals located in the joints, muscles, skin all provide input to the higher centers of the nervous system

62
Q

What is ideal posture

A

Aligns the body segments so that the torques and stresses generated by gravity are minimized at each point in the China

63
Q

Two components of ideal posture

A

Least internal expenditure of energy to maintain and forces of gravity neutralized by counter forces

64
Q

Each persons posture is unique to their gravitational environment given their unique combination of

A

Physical, muscular and soft tissue characteristics

65
Q

Action of sagittal plane

A

Flexion and extension

66
Q

Action frontal or coronal

A

Addiction and abduction

67
Q

Action of transverse

A

Rotation

68
Q

From a lateral examination of ideal line of gravity/plumb line

A

Mastoid process or tragus of ear, just anterior to the shoulder joint, just posterior to the hip joint, just anterior to the knee joint, just anterior to the ankle joint (lateral malleolus)

69
Q

Ideal upright posture demonstrates functionally by showing what on lateral examination

A

S shaped curve, head balanced on the neck, only one set of lateral structures (cheek bone, shoulders, knees)

70
Q

Posterior or anterior view of ideal line of gravity/ plumb line

A

Midline of the skull, EOP, ears, shoulder (all borders even), spinous process, rib cage, iliac crest, gluteal crease, midway between knees,midway between ankles, feet arches and position

71
Q

What curves are present at birth

A

Kyposis, thoracic and sacral

72
Q

What curves form from birth to three months

A

Cervical lordosis

73
Q

What curve should appear when baby able to start sitting, standing and walking

A

Lumbar lordosis

74
Q

When does the adult form of both spinal curve and foot arches form

A

6 years of age

75
Q

What occurs to the aging spine

A

Decreased cervical lordosis, flattened lumbar lordosis, lowered longitudinal arches in their foot, increased body sway

76
Q

What are some common postural deviations

A

Scoliosis, hyperkyphosis, anterior head carriage, hyperlordosis, sway back and flat back

77
Q

What is sway back

A

Anterior pelvic shift, increased lumbar lordosis, increased thoracic kyphosis, forward head, possible knees locked in extension

78
Q

What posture requires the least amount of active muscle work depending on ligaments for structure, not muscles

A

Sway back

79
Q

What is flat back

A

Posterior tile in pelvis, decreased lumbar lordosis

80
Q

What is scoliosis

A

Any lateral deviation of the spine from the midsagittal plane

81
Q

What are the two types of scoliosis

A

Structural and functional

82
Q

What is structural scoliosis

A

When the lateral deviation is fixed and does not correct during lateral bending

83
Q

What is functional scoliosis

A

Compensatory, postural and transient. Reversible of the abnormal curvature with various positions and movement

84
Q

How to set up for Adams sign

A

Patient standing, examiner observes for scoliosis standing, then has patient flex forward to touch their toes and observes for rib humping/ scoliosis

85
Q

What is a positive Adams sig

A

Abnormal rib hump on one side

86
Q

What can cause postural changes in childhood

A

Frequent illness (four or more/year), low physical activity, puberty rapid growth due to imbalance of bone growth and the development of the supporting and controlling soft tissue associated

87
Q

What can cause postural changes in adulthood

A

Maintaining fixed position, hormone related changes, temporary changes such as pregnancy or pain or pathological processes

88
Q

What is maintaining a fixed position

A

Mechanism of postural changes: loading of the spine and discs, ischemia of certain muscles

89
Q

What disorders that may alter posture and gait

A

Pain or discomfort, muscle weakness or imbalance, limitation of joint motion, in coordination of movement (neuro condition), changes or deformities in bone or soft tissue

90
Q

What is the patient placement to look for posture

A

Assume a relaxed stance with feet separated approximately 3 inches, look straight ahead, arms handing loose at the side, gown and shorts, no footwear

91
Q

If patient has orthotics, how to place patient for posture check

A

With and without shoes

Technique One Class (1 decks)

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