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Jesus and the Gospels > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Gnosticism

A

A religious movement which claimed adherents gained salvation through secret knowledge of their true heavenly origin

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2
Q

Canon

A

The books viewed by the church as authoritative and so fit to be included in the Bible.

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3
Q

Pericope

A

A short, self contained Gospel episode such as a miracle story, a parable, or a pronouncement story which may have originally circulated as an independent unit of oral tradition.

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4
Q

Sitz im Leben

A

A German phrase that means setting in life, referring to the original cultural and historical contexts in which an episode or a narrative arose

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5
Q

Evaluative Point of View

A

The values, belief, and worldview which the reader is expected to adopt in order to judge the events and characters of a narrative.

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6
Q

Implied Readers

A

An imaginary person who responds appropriately to the strategy of a narrative text

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7
Q

Plot

A

The progress of a narrative the sequence of events which move the story from introduction to conflict to climax to conclusion

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8
Q

Story Time

A

The actual passage of time in the narrative world of a text

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9
Q

Narrative Time

A

The manner in which story time is portrayed, in terms or order, speed, and duration

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10
Q

Round characters

A

Complex and often unpredictable characters with multiple traits

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11
Q

Flat Characters

A

Simple, one dimensional and predictable characters

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12
Q

Static Characters

A

Characters in a narrative who remain the same

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13
Q

Dynamic Characters

A

Characters who develop and change in the course of a narrative

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14
Q

Chasm

A

Inverse parallel is, a concentric pattern in which a series of things repeats itself in reverse order.

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15
Q

Inclusio

A

A “bookend” structure in which a similar statement or episode begins and ends a narrative sequence

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16
Q

Intercalation

A

A sandwiching technique where one episode is inserted inti the middle of another. The two episodes are generally related to a common theme.

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17
Q

Hellenization

A

The spread of Greek culture and language, whether by coercion, force, or natural appeal

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18
Q

Diaspora

A

The dispersion of Jews living outside Israel

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19
Q

Herod the Great

A

The Idumean (Edomite) ruler who gained the throne of Israel after tue Roman conquest of Palestine and ruled from 37-4 BC. Appears in account of Jesus’ birth.

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20
Q

Caesar Augustus (Octavian)

A

The first true emperor of Rome. Ruler of the Roman Empire at the time of Jesus’ birth

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21
Q

Pontius Pilate

A

The Roman prefect or governor of the Roma province of Judea from AD 26-36 during the time of Jesus Ministry

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22
Q

Herod Antipas

A

The son of Herod the Great and the tetrarch of Galilee and Perea between 4 BC and AD 39 during the period of Jesus ministry

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23
Q

Pax Romana

A

A latin term meaning Roman Peace and referring to the period of relative peace and stability established by Caesar Augustus

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24
Q

Caiaphas

A

Jewish high priest during Jesus’ public ministry

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25
Q

Scribes

A

Experts in the law of Moses “teachers of the law.” Later known as rabbis

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26
Q

Sadducees

A

Priestly families from the Jerusalem aristocracy who supported the Hasmonean dynasty. They controlled the priesthood and most oolitical affairs dominating the Sanhedrin.

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27
Q

Pharisees

A

Arose from the Hasidim ( pious jews who fought with the Maccabees) mostly middle class laypeople. Support among community and more involved with the synagogue

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28
Q

Mishnah

A

The earliest of the rabbinic writings put into written form about AD 200. Composed of the rulings of rabbis on a wide range of issues related to the application of Torah to everyday life.

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29
Q

Talmud

A

The complete body of Jewish oral traditions, including the Mishnah, Tosefta, and the Gemara.

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30
Q

Targums

A

Aramaic paraphrases of and expansions on Scripture

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31
Q

Hillel

A

One of the most important rabbis of the second temple period, the house of hillel developed seven rules of interpretation which shaped the course of rabbinic interpretation after the destruction of Jerusalem. hillel’s interpretations were usually less strict than that of Shammai

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32
Q

Shammai

A

The house founded by Shammai was the first major academy of Jewish sages. it generally favored more restrictive interpretation if the law than Hillel.

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33
Q

Honor and Shame

A

Critical values in first century Mediterranean culture, honor and shame relate to gaining or losing status and esteem from others in the community.

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34
Q

Patronage

A

A system common in societies with strict social distinctions, whereby a client provides honor, loyalty, and obedience to a more powerful patron or benefactor in return for favors of some kind.

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35
Q

Confession of Peter

A

A key transitional passage in the Synoptic Gospels, as Peter acknowledges that Jesus is the Messiah, and Jesus begins speaking about His upcoming death.

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36
Q

Olivet Discourse

A

Jesus’ message to the the disciples given on the Mount of Olives concerning the destruction of the temple and the end of the age.

37
Q

Theophilus

A

The addressee in both Luke and Acts, probably the oatron whi sponsored the writing of the Gospel and Acts

38
Q

Nazareth Sermon

A

Beginning of Jesus’ ministry in Luke. Luke moves this episode forward from its later position in Mark to serve as a summarizing intro for Jesus’ ministry.

39
Q

Gospel for the Outcast

A

Another name for Luke’s travel narrative or journey to Jerusalem which presents the many stories and parables which stress God’s love for the lost.

40
Q

Zacchaeus Episode

A

The climax of Luke’s travel narrative.

41
Q

Logos

A

A greek title given to Jesus in the prologue of John’s Gospel which has conceptual roots in both Judaism and Hellenistic philosopgy and which stresses Jesus’ identify as the self-revelation of God.

42
Q

Paraclete

A

A description Jesus gives the Holy Spirit in His farewell discourse in John’s Gospel meaning “advocate” “counselor” or “comforter”

43
Q

Theophany

A

The appearance in visible form of God, it a god, to a human being

44
Q

Ontological Equality

A

A phrase meaning equality of essence or being. While equal to God the Father in being, Jesus lived in functional subordination to him.

45
Q

How much do the Gospels have in common with the grecoroman works knowns as bio?

A

They have much in common

46
Q

In contrast to lukeacts what is John’s emphasis for the Holy Spirit’s role as the fulfillment of prophecy?

A

The Spirit is another paraclete who will act in Jesus’ place to mediate the presence of the Father.

47
Q

What role do grecoroman sources outside the NT have?

A

They provided very little extra information

48
Q

What does form criticism study?

A

The oral traditions behind the written form

49
Q

What two key OT figures is Matthew’s genealogy structured around?

A

David and Adam

50
Q

What does narrative criticism study?

A

Studies the components of the text at the expense of its narrative unity. Examines the Gospels as a story examining their plot, characters, and settings.

51
Q

According to the text is the longer ending of Mark’s Gospel authentic?

A

No it was added later

52
Q

Where was the Ptolemaic empire dominating Palestine from, 323-198 BC centered?

A

In Egypt with Alexandria as its capital

53
Q

Who was the leader named Maccabeus who became leader of the Maccabean revolt after the death of his father mattathias

A

Judas

54
Q

Who dominated the Sanhedrin?

A

Jerusalem nobility—Sadducees

55
Q

Of the two famous rabbis, who had the stricter views of divorce?

A

Shammai

56
Q

Most people in the Roman Empire were from what class?

A

The lower class

57
Q

Number of miracles in Mark vs the other Gospels?

A

Mark has more

58
Q

The majority if the community to which Matthew was writing was from what nationality?

A

Predominantly Jewish or a mixed Gentile/Jewish audience

59
Q

Which Gospels tell us anything about Jesus’ childhood?

A

Only Luke

60
Q

Which is the only Gospel relating that at the transfiguration, Jesus, Moses, and Elijah were discussing Jesus’ coming departuremor exodus in Jerusalem

A

Luke

61
Q

What is Redaction crticism

A

A type of historical criticism which studies how the a gospel writers edited their sources to achieve their distinct theological goals.

62
Q

When does this text favor a date for the Gospel of John to have been written

A

Latter part of the first century

63
Q

What is the second century movement that taught salvation came through secret knowledge of a person’s true spiritual identity?

A

Gnosticism

64
Q

Whose gospel placed emphasis on Jesus as the savior for all people

A

Luke

65
Q

What is a redactor?

A

An editor

66
Q

At Jesus’ entrance to Jerusalem whom did the crowd welcome Him as. (matthews fav title used 9 times)

A

Son of David

67
Q

Whose gospel has the largest amount of aramaic words?

A

Mark

68
Q

In the Gospels where are places of revelation?

A

Mountain tops and deserts

69
Q

Whose Gospel has the reversal of fortunes as a prominent theme?

A

Luke

70
Q

What aristocratic group of Jewish religious leaders arose from the supporters of the Hasmonean dynasty?

A

Sadducces

71
Q

A key structural characteristic in Matthew’s Gospel, there are are how many blocks of discourse material?

A

Five

72
Q

Who advocated the overthrow of the government?

A

The Maccabees or maybe zealots

73
Q

The first half of whose gospel presents Jesus as the Mighty Messiah and Son of God who acts with authority and power while the second half of this Gospel portrays Jesus as the Messiah of suffering and sacrifice?

A

Mark

74
Q

The parable of the wicked tenant farmers in Marker alludes to the parable of the vineyard found in what prophet’s writings?

A

Isaiah

75
Q

The healing of Jairusks daughter is an examole of which Gospel writer’s concise style?

A

Matthew

76
Q

At what two significant events does a voice from heaven address Jesus in Mark!

A

Jesus’ baptism and the Transfiguration

77
Q

What setting refers to the world of human relationships in which a narrative occurs?

A

Social-cultural

78
Q

According to the text, what is the central theme of the to volume work lukeacts?

A

The arrival of God’s salvation available now to all people everywhere

79
Q

What is the Greek translation of the Hebrew ot called?

A

The Septuagint

80
Q

After John’s initial prologue what is the first two key section concerning
.

A

Jesus’ signs and miracles

81
Q

How many signs are there in John’s book of signs?

A

7 in the Gospel proper 1 in the epilogue

82
Q

What is the Jewish feast celebrating the Maccabees victory ive their syrian oppressors?

A

Hanukkah

83
Q

What does it mean to read the Gospels vertically?

A

Following the story from beginning to end reading on their own terms

84
Q

Luke’s most significant contribution to the gospel ressurection narratives is what?

A

The emmaus disciples

85
Q

Who probably established the Qumran community that produced the Dead Sea Scrolls?

A

The Essenes

86
Q

In Marks Gospel who was the first human character to comprehend Jesus’ role as the sufferijg son of God

A

Peter

87
Q

According to the text what are the two main portraits controlling Matthew’s Christology?

A

Jesus as the Jewish Messiah and As Immanuel (Son of God)

88
Q

Which Gospel is considered to have been written first by most New Testament scholars

A

Mark

89
Q

According to the text what background does John draw from when he usues the term Logos?

A

Judaism and Hellenistic ohilosophy

Jesus and the Gospels (1 decks)

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