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sociology and Canadian society > midterm > Flashcards

midterm Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is sociology

A

systematic study of human groups+their interactions

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2
Q

who’s a key figure in sociology

A

Charles wright mills

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3
Q

Peter Berger saw ____ in the _______

A

the strange in the familiar

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4
Q

when was the scientific revolution

A

1650-1800

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5
Q

who’s Auguste Comte

A

father of sociology

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6
Q

Name the law of 3 stages

A

Theological, metaphysical, positive

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7
Q

theological

A

religious outlook, world is an expression of God

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8
Q

metaphysical

A

period of questioning and challenging.

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9
Q

positive

A

rules of observation, experimentation, and logic

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10
Q

quantitative sociology

A

(numerical data) tends to be positivist in nature, measurable behaviour (ex crime rates increasing over time)

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11
Q

qualitative sociology

A

(non numerical) anti-positivist in nature, non-measurable subjective behaviour (ex: experiences of living poverty)

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12
Q

natural state

A

how humans existed prior to the emergence of social structures (people are motivated by self interest/pursuit of power)

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13
Q

religious view

A

gods responsible for society+government

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14
Q

tabula rasa

A

people are born as blank slates

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15
Q

laws define what

A

spirit of people

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16
Q

anomic

A

state of normalessness, lack of clear goals+creates feelings of confusion (ex:higher suicide rates)

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17
Q

mechanic solidarity

A

describes early societies based similarities+independence

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18
Q

organic solidarity

A

describes later societies organized around interdependence and the division of labour

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19
Q

proletariant are what

A

workers

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20
Q

bourgeoisie are what

A

rich owners

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21
Q

alienation

A

process in which workers are disconnected from what they produce

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22
Q

exploitation

A

difference of what workers are paid to the wealth they create for the owners

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23
Q

ideology

A

beliefs+values that support/justify the ruling class os society

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24
Q

false consciousness

A

belief in/support of the system that presses you

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25
Q

class consciousness

A

recognition of domination+oppression and the collective action that follows

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26
Q

symbolic interaction

A

how people view things , such as yourself (normality in society) ex:boys shouldn’t play with dolls

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27
Q

master status

A

how you act or are all the time

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28
Q

microsociological theories ask what?

A

ask “large” questions

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29
Q

functionalists

A

smooth functioning of society

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30
Q

conflict theorists

A

struggles over scarce resources

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31
Q

microsociological

A

theories ask questions about experiences+meanings

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32
Q

feminists

A

issues surrounding gender/inequality

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33
Q

Indigenous theory

A

examine contemporary Indigenous experiences

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34
Q

Queer theorists

A

problematize taken for granted concepts

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35
Q

post-structuralism

A

concerned with how knowledge is socially produced

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36
Q

power

A

created within social relationships, multidimensional, found everywhere and always at work

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37
Q

foucaults (3 points)

A

knowledge, power, discourse

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38
Q

knowledge

A

can never be separated from relations of power

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39
Q

discourses

A

guide on how we think, act, and speak

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40
Q

discipline

A

becoming motivated to produce particular realities

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41
Q

power

A

producing some behaviours while discouraging others

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42
Q

normalization

A

social process by which some practices and ways of living are considered normal/abnormal

43
Q

queer theory

A

problematizes the standard of equality based on sameness

44
Q

3 main areas of queer theory are?

A

desire, language, identity

45
Q

desire

A

aim to disrupt categories of “normal” and acceptable sexuality

46
Q

language

A

unable to capture whole truth of reality

47
Q

identity

A

social production

48
Q

post colonial theory

A

focus on the political+cultural effects of colonialism

49
Q

imperialism

A

ideas, practices, and attitudes of colonizera

50
Q

colonialism

A

effects of imperialism within colonized spaces

51
Q

Inductive logic

A

move from data to theory (qualitative)

52
Q

deductive logic

A

move from theory to data (quantitative)

53
Q

casuality

A

one variable causes a change in the other variable

54
Q

cultures 5 defining features

A

learned, shared, transmitted, cumulative, human

55
Q

material culture

A

physical objects in a given culture

56
Q

non-material culture

A

intangible+abstract components of a society

57
Q

ethnocentrism

A

tendency to view ones culture as superior to others

58
Q

cultural relativism

A

appreciating that all cultures have intrinsic worth and need to be understood on their own terms

59
Q

cultural shock

A

feeling of disorientation, depression is experienced when entering a different culture then your own

60
Q

what are the 4 stages of progression through culture shock?

A

1) honeymoon 2)crisis 3)recovery 4)adjustment

61
Q

symbolic interactionism

A

how culture is modified according to negotiation of reality

62
Q

what are the 3 sources that inspire cultural change

A

1)discovery 2)invention/innovation 3)diffusion

63
Q

socioeconomic

A

based on what a person has (how u rank them) ex:income, housing, etc)

64
Q

what are the 3 revolutionary events that inspired sociology

A

1)scientific revolution 2)political revolution 3)industrial

65
Q

people are driven by what 2 primary passions?

A

1)fear of death 2)desire for power

66
Q

Annie Marion maclean was the 1st Canadian to receive a PHD in what

A

sociology

67
Q

what are the essential concepts involved in formulating a research project (there’s 5)

A

1)hypothesis 2)independant/dependant variables 3)validity/reliability 4)correlation/casuality 5)research population

68
Q

define culture

A

a complex collection of values, beliefs, behaviours, and material objects shared by a group and passed on from generation-generation

69
Q

culture has 5 defining features (what are they)

A

1) learned 2)shared 3)transmitted 4)cumulative

5) human

70
Q

subculture

A

group that distinguishes itself from a larger population (amish/mennonite)

71
Q

counterculture

A

type of subculture that opposes the widely held cultural patterns of the larger population (hells angels)

72
Q

nature

A

(biological approach) our actions stem from our biological roots, in your genes

73
Q

nurture

A

(environmental approach) raised/socialized to be this way

74
Q

sociobiology

A

science that uses evolutionary behaviour+genetic inheritance to examine the biological roots of social behaviour

75
Q

socialization

A

how we come to understand what we know in society

76
Q

social interaction

A

the ways in which we act in a social setting, and what’s acceptable/or not in society

77
Q

self image

A

concept one has of oneself

78
Q

Coreys looking-glass self

A

people see themselves by observing how they are perceived by others

79
Q

meads development of self

A

1)preparatory stage (birth-3) 2)play stage (3-5) 3)game stage

80
Q

double consciousness

A

refers to a sense of self that is, in part defined by others (Du Bois applied this term to African Americans)

81
Q

4 primary agents of socialization

A

1)family 2)peers 3)education 4)mass media

82
Q

monolithic bias

A

means one ideal type of family considered “normal”

83
Q

expressive role

A

responsible for emotional well being of the family (often female/mother)

84
Q

instrumental role

A

responsible for paid labour outside of home (male/father)

85
Q

conflict theory

A

people are situated in relation to the means of production

86
Q

post structuralist theory

A

seeks to dismantle prevailing discourses about families

87
Q

queer theory

A

question heteronormativity

88
Q

symbolic interactionism

A

uses “roles” as one of the basic concepts

89
Q

Goffman 1959 argued what

A

argued that people play a role in daily life

90
Q

Role strain

A

stress that results when someone doesn’t have sufficient resources to play a role/roles

91
Q

how likely are women to be assaulted by someone they know vs stranger

A

2x as likely

92
Q

what % do women account for of victims of family violence

A

85%

93
Q

at what age do women experience highest rates of violence committed by spouse

A

25-34

94
Q

intimate femicide

A

killing of women by their intimate male partners

95
Q

what % of intimate femicide takes place in victims home

A

75%

96
Q

4 primary agents of socialization

A

1)family 2)peers 3)education 4)mass media

97
Q

Goffman (1961) has how many types of institutions?

A

5 types of institutions

98
Q

5 types of institutions (Goffman)

A

1) help people who can’t take care of themselves (homes for blindfold etc)
2) help people who can’t take care of themselves and pose a unintended threat to the community (psychiatric institutions)
3) protect people from those that cause harm (prison)
4) preform instrumental tasks requiring unique work arrangements (army camps/borading school)
5) retreats from the rest of the world (monasteries/convents)

99
Q

The functionalist perspective views family life as what?

A

supporting not only its members but also wider societal structures

100
Q

conflict theory perceives how family forms change in response to what?

A

large-scale economic changes

101
Q

One of the most significant legislative changes in Canada is what?

A

same-sex marriage

102
Q

total institution

A

A setting in which people are isolated from society and supervised by an administrative staff

103
Q

mortifications of the self

A

The first stage of the resocialization process, in which a person’s existing identity is stripped away

sociology and Canadian society (1 decks)

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