Midterm

Question 1

Communication (definition)

Answer 1

A process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior

TB—The process of creating meaning through symbolic interaction

Question 2

Characteristic of communication

Answer 2

Communication is…

• A process
• Relational, not individual
• Symbolic

Question 3

Communication models

Answer 3

Linear and transactional model

Question 4

Transactional model

Answer 4

-Sending and receiving messages simultaneously

TB:

• Most types of personal comm are 2-way exchanges
• The roles of sender + receiver that are present in linear models just become “communicators”
• Receive feedback

Question 5

Linear Model

Answer 5

• Sender creates a message
• Sender encodes a message
• Sender sends a message
• Sender receives a message
• Receiver decodes the message

Question 6

Communication Bias

Answer 6

Speech or writing that attempts to include people of all identified by communicating in a way that makes no assumptions about the receiver of the communication

Question 7

Types of communication

Answer 7

• Intrapersonal: Communicating with yourself
• Dyadic/Interpersonal: Communication between two people
• *Where they diverge—Not all two-person interactions can be considered interpersonal**
• Small Group: All members contribute to the communication
• Organizational Communication: Communication that occurs among a structured collection of people in order to meet a need or pursue a goal.
• Public: Information giving. Audience can’t response, which means that there’s limited verbal feedback.
• Mass: to large groups via electronic or print media

Question 8

Empathy

Answer 8

• The ability to project oneself onto another person’s point of view, so as to experience the other’s thoughts and experiences
• Empathy is an important skill for functional communication because it helps us understand others and know how to beat influence them.

Question 9

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 9

-A prediction or expectation of an event that makes the outcome more likely to occur than would otherwise have been the case.

Question 10

Communication Competence

Answer 10

Achieving one’s goals in a manner that maintains or enhances the relationship in which it occurs

Question 11

Phonological Rules

Answer 11

Linguistic rules governing how sounds are combined to form words

Question 12

Syntactic Rules

Answer 12

Rules that govern the ways in which symbols can be arranged as opposed to the meanings of those symbols

Question 13

Semantic Rules

Answer 13

Rules that govern the meanings of language as opposed to its structure

Question 14

Pragmatic Rules

Answer 14

Rules that govern how people use language in everyday interaction

Question 15

Evasive Language: equivocation and euphemisms

Answer 15

Language people use to avoid communicating clearly

Equivocation—A deliberately vague statement that can be interpreted in more than one way

Euphemisms—A mild indirect term or expression uses in place of a more direct but less pleasant one.

Question 16

Perception Checking

Answer 16

3-part method for verifying the accuracy of interpretations

1. A description of the behavior you noticed
2. At least 2 possible interpretations of this behavior
3. A request for clarification about how to interpret the behavior

Question 17

Task Oriented Listening

Answer 17

A listening style that’s primarily associated with accomplishing the task at hand.

Question 18

Relational Listening

Answer 18

A listening style driven primarily by the concern to build emotional closeness with the speaker

Question 19

Analytical Listening

Answer 19

Listening in which the primary goal is to fully understand the message, prior to any evaluation

Question 20

Critical Listening

Answer 20

Listening in which he goal is to evaluate the quality or accuracy of he speaker’s remarks