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Political Rhetoric > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Three Appeals

A
  1. Ethos
  2. Pathos
  3. Logos
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2
Q

Ethos

A

Appeal to credibility / character

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3
Q

Pathos

A

Appeal to emotion

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4
Q

Logos

A

Appeal to logic / reason

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5
Q

Three Branches of Rhetoric

A
  1. Forensic / Judicial (Past)
  2. Deliberative / Political (Future)
  3. Epideictic / Oratory (Present)
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6
Q

Forensic (Judicial) Rhetoric - Two Branches

A
  1. Morality
    i. Justice (+)
    ii. Injustice (-)
  2. Legality
    i. Legal (+)
    ii. Illegal (-)
  • Deals with judgement
  • Courtroom
  • Want to convince audience something did or didn’t happen
  • An action can be illegal, but just.
  • An action can be legal, but unjust.
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7
Q

Deliberative (Political) Rhetoric - Two Branches

A
  1. Morality (higher plane of decision-making) (ideals)
    i. Virtue (+)
    ii. Vice (-)
  2. Interest (personal gain) (material)
    i. Advantage (+)
    ii. Disadvantage (-)
  • Deals with judgement
  • Want to convince audience to take action
  • What action should occur in the future
  • DJT saying we need to build the wall
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8
Q

Epideictic (Oratory) Branch

A
  • Associated with the present
  • Doesn’t expect audience to do anything
  • Creates emotion through PRAISE (+) & BLAME (-)
  • End goal : audience feels something
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9
Q

Five Canons of Rhetoric

A
  1. Invention
  2. Arrangement
  3. Style
  4. Memory
  5. Delivery
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10
Q

Invention

A
  • Discovery of proofs
  • What arguments are available that will appeal to my audience?
  • Want to make sure the audience with decode the message exactly how you encoded it
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11
Q

Arrangement

A
  • Shaping of argument
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12
Q

Style (Three Types)

A
  • Giving argument a form in language
  1. High Style
    - Trying to sound elite
    - High tone
    - Big words
    - Shakespeare prose
  2. Middle Style
    - Jargon that only certain people (in a certain field or profession) would know
    - Elevated audience
  3. Plain Style
    - Common language
    - Most people are familiar with
    - Not necessarily low brow
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13
Q

Memory

A
  • Absorbing the argument
  • Makes speaker look like speech is extemporaneous & coming from the heart when spontaneous
  • Teleprompters make speaker seem inauthentic
  • Establishes ethos
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14
Q

Delivery

A
  • Putting the argument across
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15
Q

Six Parts of a Speech

A
  1. Exordium (Ethos)
  2. Narration
  3. Division
  4. Proof (Logos)
  5. Refutation
  6. Peroration (Pathos)
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16
Q

Exordium (Ethos)

A
  • First part of a speech

- Convinces people they should listen to the rest of the speech

17
Q

Narration

A
  • Second part of a speech
  • Sets out the facts as generally understood / everyone agrees on
  • Helps others person understand stakes & rules of the debate
18
Q

Division

A
  • Third part of a speech
  • Sets out the areas of disagreement
  • Explains how your view or argument differs from others
19
Q

Proof (Logos)

A
  • Fourth part of a speech
  • Lays out evidence
  • Humanizes / characterizes people in examples
  • Empirical
20
Q

Refutation

A
  • Fifth part of a speech
  • Refutes opponent’s arguments
  • Doesn’t have to be fully articulate
  • Can just refute their strongest point
21
Q

Peroration (Pathos)

A
  • Sixth part of a speech
  • Sum up
  • Restatement of proof
  • Transcend the argument
  • Reframe it to appeal to emotion so the audience wants to do what you want them to do
  • Last thing you want stuck in their head
22
Q

Conjectural Stasis

A
  • Deals with questions of fact
  • Did he commit the crime?
  • What evidence is there?
  • Did this happen or not?
23
Q

Definitional Stasis

A
  • Deals with questions of definition
  • Not challenging what happened, just how to label it
  • What kind of crime did he commit?
  • Was this murder or manslaughter?
  • Was it premeditated?
  • What do we call what happened?
24
Q

Qualitative Stasis

A
  • Deals with questions of quality
  • Was it legal or was it just?
  • Could weigh in on definitional stasis
25
Q

Translative Stasis

A
  • Deals with questions of jurisdiction
  • Is this the right court to be trying the question?
  • State or Federal Court?
  • Civil or criminal?
  • Legitimacy
  • Public opinion
  • Is this the right place to determine whether he did this or not?
26
Q

Humor

A
  • Part of style
  • Based on common agreement if both sides laugh
  • Self-deprecation levels speaker with audience
  • Endearing to acknowledge flaws
  • Helps speaker relate to audience
27
Q

Cadence

A
  • Part of style
  • How speeches sound
  • Using repetition or repetitious sounds
  • Get things stuck in audience’s head
28
Q

Auxesis

A
  • Cranking things up
  • Using inflated language
  • Hyperboles
  • “American carnage”
29
Q

Circumlocutio

A
  • Talk around a point
  • Refer to a person or situation without specifically mentioning it
  • DJT referring to Elizabeth Warren as Pochahontas
30
Q

Enargia

A
  • Orator tries to paint a picture really vividly so that the audience can see it
  • DJT’s description of sex trafficking at SOTU
31
Q

Hypophera

A
  • Propose a question & immediately answer it
  • Make audience feel smart
  • Used to spark interest
32
Q

Kairos

A
  • Extent to which the language of a speaker fits social or cultural context
  • Time, location, audience
  • Why a speech works in the time that it works
33
Q

Occultatio

A
  • Talking about something while saying you’re not going to

- “I’m not going bring up your husband’s infidelity but…”

34
Q

Paronomasia

A
  • Wordplay
35
Q

Syllogism

A
  • Proof

- x + y = z

36
Q

Enthymeme

A
  • If you agree with x, then you agree with y

- a = b

37
Q

Synthome

A
  • a = b and b = c, therefore a = c

Political Rhetoric (1 decks)

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