Midterm Flashcards
Raw facts such as an employee number or total hours worked in a week
Data
A collection of data organized and processed so that it has additional value beyond the value of the individual facts
Information
A set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a defined outcome
Process
The awareness and understanding of a set of information and the ways that information can be made useful to support a specific task or reach a decision
Knowledge
A set of related components that collect, process, store, and spread data and information; an information system provides a feedback mechanism to monitor and control its operation to make sure it continues to meet its goal and objectives
Information System (IS)
A single set of hardware, software, databases, networks, people, and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information
Computer-based information system (CBIS)
All the hardware, software, databases, networks, people, and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information
Technology infrastructure
A set of steps that need to be followed to achieve a specific end result, such as enter a customer order, pay a supplier invoice, or request a current inventory report
Procedure
An information system that improves the productivity of individual users in performing stand-alone tasks
Personal IS
An information system that improves communications and support collaboration among members of a workgroup
Group IS
An information system that an organization uses to define structured interactions among its own employees and/or with external customers, suppliers, government agencies, and other business partners
Enterprise IS
A key component that must be in place to ensure successful implementation and use of an information system
Organizational complements
Computer equipment used to perform input, processing, storage, and output activities
Hardware
The computer programs that govern the operation of a particular computing device
Software
The trend of consumer technology practices influencing the way business software is designed and delivered
Consumerization of IT
A well designed, organized, and carefully managed collection of data
Database
A database that stores large amounts of historical data in a form that readily supports analysis and management decision making
Data warehouse
The process by which raw data is extracted from various sources, transformed into a format to support the analysis to be performed, and loaded into the data warehouse
Extract-transform-loaf (ETL)
A term used to describe data collections that are enormous (petabytes or larger) and complex (sensor to social media data) that traditional data management software, hardware, and analysis processes are incapable of dealing with them
Big data
A group or system of connected computers and equipment (in a room) that enables electronic communication
Networks
The world’s largest computer network, consisting of thousands of interconnected networks, all freely exchanging information
Internet
A means of providing computing services wherein a service provider organization owns and manages the hardware, software, networking, and storage devices, with cloud user organization (tenants) accessing slices of shared resources via the internet
Public cloud computing
A network of links on the internet to files containing text, graphics, video and sound
World Wide Web (www)
A network that enables communication, collaboration, search functions, and information sharing between the members of an organization’s team using a web browser
Intranets
A network based on web technologies that allows selected outsiders, such as business partners and customers, to access authorized resources of a company’s intranet
Extranet
A network of physical objects or “things” embedded with sensors, processors, software, and network connectivity capability to enable them to exchange data with the manufacturer of the device, device operators, and other connected devices
Internet of Things (IoT)
A network that encompasses not only machine to machine but also people to people and people to machine connections
Internet of everything (ioe)
Involves the exchange of money for goods and services over electronic networks and encompasses many of an organization’s outward facing processes (example sales, marketing, etc.) that touch customers, suppliers, and other business partners
E-commerce
