midterm Flashcards
Creation Myth
A story that explains who we are, why we are here, our life purpose
Lucy
The first hominid ever found. Approx 3.2 million years old. Found in Ethiopia.
Homo Erectus
Characterized by the ability to stand upright, control fire, migrate and hunt.
Homo Neanderthal
Was able to communicate, use tools, fire, bury dead. Stockier and powerful to deal with cold climates.
Homo Flores
Hobbit hominid that dwarfed due to isolation on an island. 70,000-17,000 years ago.
Big Game Hunting
Showed complex language aiblity to create advanced hunting tehcniques.
Chauvet Cave
Cave paintings in France dating back 35,000 to 5,000 years ago. Shows animals, hunting, and figures of humans.
Paleolithic
Old stone age. Hunter gathers. Tribal society limited to small groups. Used wooden tools, stone tools. Migrated and used caves and skin tents for shelter. Animal skin clothes.
Neolithic
New stone age. A sedentary lifestyle with agriculture farming. Sharpened tools. Woven and animal clothes. Shorter life expectancy then hunter-gatherers. A hierarchy emerged.
The Big Five
Horse, Sheep, cow, pig, goat,
Climate Change
a change in global or regional climate patterns
Plant-Animal Domestication
Domestication of animals for food and protection.
Domestication of plants for crops.
Catal Huyuk
7500 BC. Fully settled Neolithic town with plant and animal domestication. Located near volcano where obsidean was available to make tools.
Jericho
First and oldest city in history. Had a central town with walls, storage for grains, and a tower. 9,000 BC. Still hunted and gathered but also grew crops. Egalotarian.
Mesopotamia
Land between Euphraties and Tigris.
Sumer
First major human cities formed in Mesopotamia. All located in Iraq. Spoke common language. Own city-states independent.
Cuniform
writing in ppictographs. Created to maintain order.
Mummification
shows love of life. Process takes 70 days.
Sumerian Artifacts
EX) Door of Tub Tub. Showed caste system, priests, slaves, warriors, gods.
Epic of Gilgamesh
Tale of king created by god who chased forever life to realize you only live once.
Hammurabi
Created first written legal code. Was harsh and gave more rights to men.
Empire
first type of govt beyond city states
Indo-Europeans
Language Family
Pyramids
Largest structures on earth, Built by 80,000 - 100,000 people. Built as tombs for pharoahs.
Heiroglypics
Written text in Egypt
Kemet
Egyptian name for Egypt
RIver Valley
Hot spot for human development due to rich soil for agriculture.
Hatsheput
Hatshepsut was the longest reigning female pharaoh in Egypt, ruling for 20 years in the 15th century B.C. She is considered one of Egypt’s most successful pharaohs.
Harappan
Language of Indus Valley people
Mohenjo-Daro
3,000-1,700 BCE Largest city of the Indus Valley with 40,000 residents. Fired clay in Kiln.
Floods
Depicted as gods wrath in creation myths
Aryans
Indo-European race. Horseback riders. Vedic Age. invaded northern India in the 2nd millennium BC
Rig Veda
creation myth. Purusa was sacrificed and dismembered to make up different parts of the caste system.
Siddhartha
Buddha.
Ahimsa
non violence
Upanishads
The Upanishads, a part of the Vedas, are ancient Sanskrit texts that contain some of the central philosophical concepts and ideas of Hinduism, some of which are shared with religious traditions like Buddhism and Jainism, wanted to soften the caste system(encourage goodness and kindness) Brahman = universal soul Samsara = reincarnation Karma = accounting for incarnation Moksha = relieved from the human world when you die The community wanted to be “good” because they thought they might have been in a lower class in a past life/they did not want to do harm so they would be reincarnated in a lower class
Ashoka Maurya
Unified India through the Conquest of Kalinga and converted to Buddism
Oracle Bones
Bones or shells that would be heated and cracked to show predictions of the future.
Mandate of Heaven
Explained why some families came to power and others didnt. Eplained the dynastic cycle. Created by Duke of Zhou.
Confucious
Chinese teacher and philosopher who taught not to stop self reflecting and keep improving.
Laozi
Thought most people have lost touch with daoism. “Go with the flow” mentality.
Wuwei
Non-action, non-doing, non-forcing, action through inaction
Legalism
People are inheriantly bad. Iron fist way of ruling. Han Feizi➡️To end war, you need to empower the military and peasantry=military and agriculture
Quin Shihuangdi
Ruled with an iron fist of reward and punishment
Unified China
Great Wall
Built to keep horse riding nomads out but also act as a symbol of state of power.
