Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Exploring the Planets > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the difference between planets and dwarf planets?

A

Dwarf planets have not cleared the area around their orbit, and they aren’t satellites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What sphere takes up the most space on earth?

A

Hydrosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How old is the earth?

A

4.5 billion years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of lava has the lowest silica content?

A

Komatiite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of rock has the highest viscosity?

A

Rhyolite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are fluvial systems?

A

water controlled structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are eolian deposits?

A

Wind controlled structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is mass wasting?

A

Gravity controlled structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What layer makes up the most of the earth’s mass?

A

mantle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are p-waves?

A

push-pull waves, slow down going through fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are s-waves?

A

shear waves, don’t go through fluids at all

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the structure of the earth core?

A

Outer is liquid, inner is solid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the main elements in the earth?

A

Iron and oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When did the highest rate of heat flow occur?

A

Hadean eon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where does the most heat loss occur?

A

At plate boundaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How are primary and secondary craters different?

A

Primary: circular, secondary: elliptical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What’s the smallest type of crater?

A

Simple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What’s the largest type of crater?

A

Multi-ring basins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What’s the order of events in crater formation?

A

Compression, excavation, modification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What happens in the compression step?

A

fracturing, brecciation, melting, and vapourization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What happens in the excavation step?

A

there is explosive expansion and large amounts of debris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What happens in the modification step?

A

slumping of crater walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is degradation?

A

Later impacts in an existing crater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is a meteorite?

A

Remains of meteoroids on earth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is a meteoroid?

A

Small, solid particles in space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is a meteor?

A

visible path of a meteoroid as it enters earth’s atmosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What layer do meteoroids fragment in?

A

stratosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Where do meteorites come from?

A

asteroid belt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are most meteorites made of?

A

stony material

30
Q

What type of meteorites have chondrules?

A

stony

31
Q

What is the light called that’s emitted from a meteoroid as it explodes in the atmosphere?

A

bolide

32
Q

What is a fireball?

A

A meteor brighter than Venus

33
Q

What is the most common gas in the atmosphere?

A

Nitrogen, then oxygen

34
Q

What is the atmospheric structure?

A

troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere

35
Q

Which sphere absorbs UV?

A

stratosphere

36
Q

What is white light?

A

made up of all colours

37
Q

What has the shortest wavelength?

A

Gamma rays

38
Q

As wavelength increases, frequency….

A

decreases

39
Q

How does wind travel relative to isobars on a non rotating planet?

A

perpendicular

40
Q

What is the Coriolis effect?

A

freely moving objects are deflected (northern hemisphere to right, southern hemisphere to left)

41
Q

What type of centres do cyclones have?

A

Low pressure

42
Q

Where does the solar wind first encounter the magnetosphere?

A

bow shock

43
Q

What is a Van Allen belt?

A

charge particles are stored in upper electron and lower proton belts

44
Q

What causes aurora borealis?

A

when charged particles excite gas molecules to higher energy levels which emits light

45
Q

When was there high heat flow and earth’s internal structure formed?

A

Hadean era

46
Q

When was the continental nuclei formed and origin of life?

A

Archean eon

47
Q

What was the atmosphere made up of in the archean eon?

A

carbon dioxide and water from volcanoes

48
Q

What happened in the biosphere in the archean eon?

A

prokaryotes, asexual reproduction

49
Q

When was the stabilization of continental platforms and oxidation of atmosphere, along with well developed oceans?

A

Proterozoic eon

50
Q

What was the biosphere like in the proterozoic eon?

A

from asexual to sexual reproduction, explosion of life near end of eon

51
Q

When was the modern plate tectonic period and expansion of life?

A

Phanerozoic eon

52
Q

When did organisms get skeletons?

A

phanerozoic eon

53
Q

What is the mean solar day?

A

24 hours, time from one noon to the next

54
Q

how long is a sidereal day?

A

23 hours, blah blah

55
Q

What is revolution?

A

motion of a celestial body around some point in space

56
Q

Perihelion

A

closest to sun (winter)

57
Q

Aphelion

A

furthest from sun (summer)

58
Q

What is precession?

A

very slow shifting of the direction of the earth’s axis

59
Q

What is the celestial equator?

A

projection of the earth’s equator onto celestial sphere

60
Q

What is the equinox?

A

equal day and equal night

61
Q

What is the winter solstice”?

A

shortest day, longest night

62
Q

Summer solstice?

A

longest day, shortest night

63
Q

what is waxing?

A

increasingly illuminated west side of moon

64
Q

what is waning?

A

decreasingly illuminated east side of moon

65
Q

how long does it take to see all the phases of the moon?

A

4 weeks

66
Q

what is synchronous orbit?

A

revolution == rotation

67
Q

when does a total lunar eclipse happen?

A

when the moon is fully within the earth’s umbra

68
Q

when does an annular eclipse occur?

A

eclipse happens at the apogee

69
Q

partial lunar eclipse?

A

moon is in part of the earth’s umbra

70
Q

what is a spring tide?

A

higher than normal, sun and moon aligned

71
Q

what is a neap tide?

A

lower than normal high tides, sun and moon not aligned

Exploring the Planets (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions