Midterm Flashcards
Artists and artwork used to dispel stereotypes
Frederick Douglass - Pictures and Progress
The Danger of A Single Story - Ngozi Adichie
I’ve always wanted to be an Indian - James Luna
Artists and artwork used to illustrate stereotypes
Polygenism - louis agassiz
Samuel R. Wells, New Physiognomy,
The Irish declaration of independence -Frederick Burr Opper
Emily Style Mirror Window Theory
the need for curriculum to function both as window and as mirror, in order to reflect and reveal most accurately both a multicultural world and the student herself or himself.
Klughorn and Murray, Definition of Diversity
The combinations of ways in which each of us is…like all others, like some others, and like no other.
Hapa
Kip Fulbeck
Cemi/Zemi
A Cemi is a Taino concept which relates to or embodies a deity, or ancestral spirit, and/or a sculptural object that houses the spirit
Zemi Dominican Republic, wood, bone, cotton, shell, glass
Mestizaje
a framework to understand the rich mixing of ethnicities that produces many art •objects in the history of Latin American art; miscegenation, mix, shares roots with “mestizo”
Andean Symbolic Language
In Andean spatial symbolism, the diagonal descending from the sun marks the basic line of power and authority dividing upper from lower, male from female, dominant from subordinate. left side is better than right
Autoethnography
text in which people undertake to describe them selves in ways that engage with representations others have made of them.
Bourbon Reforms
Effort to reform and renovate Spanish empire; work and dress codes and castas enforced
Cedulas de Gracias al Sacar
these were certificates that “cleansed” people of impure blood by providing them with documentation that would allow a person’s racial status and casta designation to change
The Virginia Company
The Virginia Company starts (joint stock co., investors) – 1606: James I grants Virginia Company royal charterBusiness plan – find profitable raw materials to sell and repay investors/make money (Tobacco)Starvation, deaths, and killings by Native Americans in 1622 cause anxiety / by 1624 – King claims Virginia colony under his control / Virginia Co. done
Attitudinizing
White Americans perceive Indians through the assumptions of white culture
Manifest Destiny
the 19th-century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.
American Indian Movement Africanisms
characteristics of African culture that can be traced through social practices and institutions of the African Diaspora•cultural retention of African ancestry•5000 years of metallurgic tradition from African nations in US for example; akan drum
Africanized spatial language
to some white observers these buildings were too small and thus seemed uncomfortably crowded. This is because when English rules of measure were employed, room sizes were generally in range of 264 square feet (16 feet x 16 feet). In West African buildings rooms are considerably smaller being, on average, closer to 100 square feet (10 feet x 10 feet)The Afro-Carolinian average room size, based on a sample of excavated foundations, was 120 square feet (approximately 11 feet x 11 feet). These proportions suggest that enslaved people continued to employ a sense of proportion that recalled the traditional house types found all along the Guinea Coast region from Sierra Leone to Cameroon.
Caucasian
“Caucasian variety—I have taken the name of this variety from Mount Caucasus, both because its neighborhood, and especially its southern slope, produces the most beautiful race of men, I mean the Georgian; and because all physiological reasons converge to this, that in that region, if anywhere, it seems we ought with the greatest probability to place the autochthones (original members) of mankind.”–Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, 1795
Scientific Racism
white superiority rationalized through pseudo-sciences such as Phrenology, Physiognomy, Craniology, Eugenics
Manzanar
Toyo Miyatake, Dorthea Lange, Ansel Adans
Executive Order 9066
0 weeks after Pearl Harbor – FDR signs Executive Order 9066Authorizes the removal of any or all people from military areas “as deemed necessary or desirable.” entire West Coast is military area; majority of Japanese Americans live thereBy June, more than 110,000 Japanese Americans or Americans of Japanese descent are relocated to remote internment camps built by the U.S. military
Daguerreotype
the first practical form of photography, made public in 1839 by Louis J. M. Daguerre of France. This one-of-a-kind photographic image was produced on a sheet of silver-plated copper, polished to a mirror-like brilliance. It was sensitized over iodine vapor, exposed in the camera, and developed with mercury vapor. Although prized for its finely detailed image, the daguerreotype has an exceptionally fragile surface
American Identity Examples
Horace Pipin
Horace Pipin
American entry into the First World War offered African Americans the opportunity to prove that they merited full equality by their willingness to fight for their country. This opportunity struck fear into the hearts of many white Americans, however, who in their fear of trained, armed black men and determination to preserve racial inequality and segregation, sought to prevent African American men from serving in combat. Consequently, most African American soldiers entered the noncombatant Services of Supply.
END OF THE WAR STARTING HOME
American Identity Examples
Horace Pipin End of the War Starting Home
Michi Itami The Irony of being an American
Michi Itami
the irony of being american, 3 images of her dad 1 in traditional japenese attire, 2 in a business suit, 3 in american combat uniform
American Identity Examples
Horace Pipin End of the War Starting Home
Michi Itami The Irony of being an American
Marie Moran Identity and Capitalism
Marie Moran
legal, personal, social concept of indetity
Michi Itami
the irony of being american, 3 images of her dad 1 in traditional Japanese attire, 2 in a business suit, 3 in american combat uniform
Marie Moran
legal, personal, social concept of identity
