Midterm

Question 1

theory that views communication as a one-way process in which a source conveys an encoded message through a channel to a receiver, who then decodes the message

Answer 1

Linear model

Question 2

communication theory that views communication as a two-way process that includes feedback and the environment

Answer 2

Interactive model

Question 3

the theory that views communication as a constant process in which all parties simultaneously play the roles of sender and receiver

Answer 3

Transactional model

Question 4

the medium through which an encoded message is transmitted from a source to a receiver

Answer 4

Channel

Question 5

anything that can change the message after the source encodes and sends it

Answer 5

Noise

Question 6

the content or idea that the source tries to convey to the audience

Answer 6

Message

Question 7

the receiver’s response to a message that is sent to the sender

Answer 7

Feedback

Question 8

the person or audience that a message is being transmitted to

Answer 8

Receiver

Question 9

What are the 5 strategies for combatting communication apprehension

Answer 9

1. practice, practice, practice
2. employ relaxation techniques
3. Visualize Succes
4. Dialogue with the audience
5. systematic desensitization

Question 10

the fear or anxiety associated with real or anticipated communication with another or others

Answer 10

Communication Apprehension

Question 11

convincing yourself that something is going to happen before it does, thus leading to the occurrence of what you originally expected

Answer 11

Self-fulfilling Prophecy

Question 12

involve morals and the specific moral choices to be made

Answer 12

Ethics

Question 13

taking the intellectual achievements of another person and presenting them as one’s own

Answer 13

Plagiarism

Question 14

taking original source materials and changing a few words in it, but not enough to consider it a paraphrase, all the while not citing the original source material

Answer 14

Patch-working

Question 15

the unfair preference or distortion of information

Answer 15

Bias

Question 16

a brief statement representing what you aim to do with the speech; there are 3 types

Answer 16

General Purpose Statements

Question 17

a narrower version of the general purpose statement that identifies what you will talk about, what you will say about it, and what you hope the audience will take away from the speech

Answer 17

Specific Purpose Statements

Question 18

a narrower version of the general purpose statement that identifies what you will talk about, what you will say about it, and what you hope the audience will take away from the speech

Answer 18

Specific Purpose Statements

Question 19

through ________ _______ you can collect a great deal of information on your audience. This includes environmental cues, who the people are, and emotional cues.

Answer 19

Direct Observation

Question 20

an example that is factual

Answer 20

Real Example

Question 21

an example that is fictional

Answer 21

Hypothetical Example

Question 22

an example that makes a very quick point and can be effective at any point in a speech

Answer 22

Brief Example

Question 23

an example that takes time; the importance lies in the details

Answer 23

Extended Example

Question 24

numbers that summarize and organize sets numbers to make them easier to understand or visualize

Answer 24

Statistic

Question 25

testimony from someone who is in the same peer group as the audience, but who is not necessarily an expert on the topic

Answer 25

Peer testimony

Question 26

testimony from someone who has conducted extensive research on the topic, has significant experience with the topic, or holds a position that lends credibility to his or her ideas on the subject matter

Answer 26

Expert Testimony

Question 27

a carefully worded one- sentence encapsulation of exactly what you will cover in your speech

Answer 27

Thesis Statements

Question 28

attacking the opposing person’s character instead of his or her arguments

Answer 28

ad hominem

Question 29

asserts that positional authority, such as being a parent or a boss, makes someones argument correct or accurate

Answer 29

Ad verecundiam

Question 30

the belief that once a course of action is taken, other unavoidable events will inevitably occur

Answer 30

Slippery slope

Question 31

the speaker misrepresents the opponent’s position by oversimplifying that position, taking the opponents comments out of context so that they don’t represent the opponents position at all

Answer 31

straw man

Question 32

drawing conclusions about broad principles or categories based upon a small sample of evidence

Answer 32

hasty generalizations

Question 33

one event causes another unrelated event to occur

Answer 33

false cause

Question 34

the speaker introduces irrelevant ideas to focus attention away from the real issue

Answer 34

red herring