Midterm Flashcards
In levels of use terminology, abuse means
Continued use of the drug despite negative consequences
Which statmenet about cocaine is NOT true
Injecting cocaine gets to the brain faster than smoking cocaine
Drug effects ont he individual have been intensified due to
Development of more efficient and faster ways of putting drugs into the body
The most popular psychoactive substance over the millennia has been
Alcohol
Which of the following plants do not contain caffeine
Poppy and hemp
Lime chewed with cocoa levaes facilitates absorption of cocaine across the oral mucosa by
Alkalinizing saliva so that more cocaine is in the unionized form
The discovery of brain chemicals that acted like psychoactive drugs led to
All of the above
(More understanding of the process of addiction, more understanding of the process of mental illness, new uses of therapeutic drugs to treat addiction and withdrawal states)
A common drug used at parties now, GHB is classified as a
Sedative (downer)
The reward/reinforcement network in the brain is a/an ____ system
Dopaminergic
What is the name of the active chemical in marijuana
Delta-9 THC
Which of the following is used as a local anesthetic
Cocaine
Psychiatric medications
Are used to rebalance irregular brain chemistry
Which fo the following routes of administration acts the fastest upon the brain
Inhaling
When a drug is intra-venously injected, how long does it take for hte drug to reach the brain
15-30 seconds
The main barrier that drugs have to cross to affect the CNS is the
Blood-brain barrier
Which of the following is a function of the new brain
Creativity
Which is NOT a type of tolerance
Delayed tolerance
Which is NOT a desired effect of psychoactive drugs
To increase depression
Which is NOT TRUE regarding the CV effects of cocaine use
There are no cocaine receptors on the heart itself
Which of the following is NOT a side effect of long-term abuse of cocaine
Severe weight gain
Which of the following is correct for crack cocaine
Users are able to get a much higher dose into their brain over a shorter period of time than with powdered cocaine
Which fo teh following has NOT been a use for amphetamines
To relax muscles
Ice is to methamphetamine as ___ is to cocaine
Crack
Which fo the following is NOT a stimulant
GHB
Which of the following is NOT true concerning nicotine
A chew of tobacco puts less nicotine into the bloodstream than one smoked cigarette
The neurotrasmitter that transmits pain is
Substance P
Which is a possible deadly side effect of using heroin intravenously
HIV infection
The most common medical use of opioids is
Analgesia
Which is an effect of sedative-hypnotics
Controls skeletal muscular spasms
Sedative-hypnotic withdrawal symptoms can include
Convulsions
Atropine (an anti-muscarinic) used to mask signs of narcotic use, will cause which effect
Mydriasis
One of the reasons that GHB and Rohpnol are similar to alcohol is their
Disinhibitory effect
Psychoactive drugs have been used throughout history to
All of the above
Induce altered state of consciousness, alter one’s mood and change perceptions, reduce pain or enhance senses
Narcotics will not cause which of the follwoing
Diarrhea
Hypodermic injection of drugs bypasses natural protective barriers of teh body and adds the danger of
Infections
Prior to the 1906 pure food and drug act, OTC pt meds were loaded with 3 of the following psychoactive substances. Which is the exceptions
Amphetamine
Cocaine, opium/morphine, alcohol
Ingestion of poisionous mushrooms that have muscarine will cause what efefct
Diarrhea
Which of the following is NOT classified as a stimulnt
Psilocybin
Large doses and overuse of stimulants can cause
All fo the above
Anxiety and paranoia, ange and aggressiveness, jitteriness and psychosis
The faster a psychoactive drug reaches its target in the CNS the
Greater its reinforcing effect
A developing fetus is very vulnerable to psychoactive drugs because
The placental barrier provides no protection
Addiction memories including euphoric recall are orchestrated by the
Old brain
Cravings to use psychoactive drugs resides primarily in the
Old brain
Tolerance means
Adaptation of the body to greater and greater amounts of a drug
In addition to heredity, what other two factors have a major role in creating a vulnerability to develop substance dependency
Environment and use of psychoactive substances or participation in compulsive behaviors
Children are more vulnerable than adults to the effects of drugs because they have less blood in their circulatory system and their organs are immature. T/F
True
Craving to use psychoactive drugs is primarily a new brain activity. T/F
False
The blood-brain barrier does not become fullly functional until about 2 years of age. T/F
True
The neurotransmitter most responsible for stimulating the reward/reinforcement center is GABA. T/F
False
Withdrawsal from amphetamines will cause seizures. T/F
False
Which of the following is a function of the new brain
Switch off drug use
Which is NOT used by athletes to enhance performance
Codeine
Which of the following is correct for cocaine
Users are able to get a much higher dose into their brain over a shorter period of time than with powdered cocaine
Which of the following has NOT been a use for amphetamines
To relax muscles
Which statement about cocaine is NOT true
Injecting cocaine gets to the brain faster than smoking cocaine
The psychoactive substance that can mimic the effects of acetylcholine at the muscle endplate and autonomic ganglia is
Nicotine
Hydrocodone is classified as a
Opiate
The drug that most effectively suppresses pain is
Heroin
Least intense withdrawal syndromes
Flurazepam
Which is not classified as a stimulant
Psilocybin
Reverse tolerance occurs
To the repeated use of only stimulant drugs
