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American Political Thought > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Puritan predestination

A
  • idea that you are either saved or not

- there is no free will then, must be good and god might decide to give you a sign of salvation

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2
Q

Puritan thoughts on government

A
  • state subordinate to church

- must enforce god’s will

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3
Q

Thomas Hobbes main ideas

A
  • humans only care about themselves and only do things for personal benefit
  • need for an all powerful sovereign
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4
Q

Natural Rights

A
  • life,liberty, and property ideas from John Locke

- god given and born with certain rights

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5
Q

John Locked main ideas

A
  • Natural Rights
  • centrality of property
  • social contract
  • right of dissolution
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6
Q

John Wise main ideas

A
  • best government is the one that is most divine (this would be democracy because it would preserve freedom/equality)
  • one can’t be forced into society, it mus be done willingly and not by majority rules
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7
Q

Jonathan Mayhew ideas

A

-principle of popular consent right to revolt against tyranny

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8
Q

John Winthrop

A
  • believed in government of select few acting in gods name

- duty to disobey to pursue the good

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9
Q

Thomas Pain ideas

A
  • People were naturally good and do not need much government
  • government is a necessary evil to check those who are not interested in the common good
  • every generation of government should start anew
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10
Q

Thomas Pain on Common Sense

A
  • man is naturally peaceable and sociable
  • as society grows we must empower representatives and have frequent elections
  • limited government
  • secular gov
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11
Q

Sam Adams

A
  • based on Lockean ideas
  • rights of nature and liberty, we are free and equal, need a fair arbiter
  • limited power of legislators
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12
Q

Benjamin Rush Ideas

A
  • free public education

- anti-slavery, slavery not productive, 5 proposals to fix slave problem in America

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13
Q

4 parts of the declaration

A
  1. Statement of intent
  2. Philosophic justification
  3. List of grievances
  4. Action statement
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14
Q

Reasons for the Constitution

A
  • Inadequate Articles of Confederation
    • war debts, no way to enforce payment under articles
      - commerce, each state taxed and had trade barriers
      - currency
      - security
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15
Q

Disputes of the Constitution

A
  • representation (bicameral)
  • Great Compromise
  • slavery (3/5 compromise)
  • importation ban
  • fugitative slave provision
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16
Q

Federalist papers

A
  • utility if the union
  • inadequacy of the confederation
  • necessity for “energetic” gov
  • conformity with republican principles
  • similarities with state constitutions
  • additional security provided for liberty and security of property
17
Q

Antifederalist

A
  • were farmers, small merchants, and working men
  • scattered and locally organized
  • no unified approach or spokesperson
18
Q

Anti federalist ideas

A
  • too much power in government
  • taxation of individuals
  • power to raise an army
  • the necessary and proper clause
  • terms too long-tendency to aristocracy through means of election
19
Q

Alexander Hamilton ideas

A
  • instrumental in establishing the national bank
  • disliked parties, but still helped form the federalists
  • can’t become a world power without a way to manage US debt
20
Q

AH report on credit

A
  • called for the full payment of debt to establish legitimacy
  • wanted gov to take on the states debt
21
Q

AH report on bank

A
  • US has the authority to erect corporations

- it is “necessary” to establish the bank

22
Q

AH report on manufacture

A
  • wishes to ensure the economic and industrial growth of america
  • tariffs/bounties as the best way to stimulate new enterprise
23
Q

Thomas Jefferson ideas

A
  • agrarian, opposed urbanization
  • reserved right of states to decide what was best
  • democratic republican, lockean
  • generational contitution
  • decentralization of gov
  • common people not capable of self rule
24
Q

Marbury vs. Madison

A

-established judicial review

25
Q

McCulluch vs. Maryland

A
  • dispute national bank allowed?
  • found government can make a bank under “necessary and proper” clause
  • states can’t tax it though
26
Q

Alexis de Tocqueville

A
  • democracy in America
  • greater mingling of classes
  • tendency toward devolution of power to local levels of gov
  • press freedom
  • majority tyranny
  • public opinion ostricizes
  • free association
  • good legal protection
  • free movement
27
Q

Economics and slavery

A
  • end of importation of slaves
  • expansion meant more land in the west
  • growth of slave breeding
  • slavery wasn’t dying out on its own
28
Q

Politics and slavery

A
  • balancing alternating which states were free/slave
  • missouri compromise
  • Kansas nebraska act
  • dred scott decision
29
Q

legal stuff and slavery

A
  • states rights, retain sovereignty
  • 3/5
  • fugitive slave provision
  • constitution sees slavery as unlawful over time
30
Q

John C. Calhoun

A
  • society is very delicate and any sudden change will tear society apart
  • rejected natural rights, society decides who has rights and man is not born equal
  • concurrent majority system, a two sided system, each has veto and a president
31
Q

George Fitzhugh

A
  • rejected natural rights
  • people must accept natural hierarchy
  • thought southern slaves were better off than northern wage workers
32
Q

William Garrison

A

-called for withdrawal from the union and acceptance of slavery by framers
-condemned the constitution and elevate principles of the declaration
-slavery is a crime against humanity
wanted end to trafficking
-boycott southern goods
-no compensation for lost slaves

33
Q

Frederick Douglas

A
  • push in all possible ways for change
  • slavery is completely unlawful since framers sought its demise
  • tied future of nation to unity of whites and blacks
  • let blacks advance on their own merits
34
Q

Orestes Brownson

A
  • marxian type analysis on class
  • attacked religious enablers who promise future salvation
  • limit banks and monopolies
  • eliminate hereditary transfer of wealth
35
Q

Henry David Thoreau

A

Civil Disobedience

  • minimalist gov
  • fear of tyranny of majority
  • castigates northern economics interests for acquiescing to slavery in the south
  • voting is cheap commodity in matters of morality
  • government action can be changed if we stop financing it (paying taxes)

American Political Thought (1 decks)

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