Midterm Flashcards
interaction between individuals of the same species in which both are negatively affected
intraspecific competition
an interaction
between at least two individuals of different
species in which both are negatively affected
interspecific competition
individuals use the same limiting
resource or resources, thus depleting the amount
available to others
exploitation
individuals perform antagonistic
actions that directly interfere with the ability of
their competitors to use a limiting resource
interference
types of competition
inter
intra
exploitation
interference
what do animals compete for?
water
food
shelter
mates
what do plants compete for
water
minerals
light
space
the living organisms within a given area
community
all of the organisms in an area and the environment with which they interact
Ecosystem
large scale
stable communities
classified by vegetation / broad geographical area with some internal
uniformity of climate, rocks, soils, and living things that can be distinguished from adjacent areas by one or more characteristic communities
Biome / Ecological Region
zone where two or more communities meet and integrate
Ecotone
historically the EP was a ________, but is presently a
live oak savanna
live oak juniper woodland
increasing density and size of woody or shrubby species
thicketization
branch of mathematics used to analyze numerical data and draw conclusions from that data
statistics
any process which results in the collection of data, the outcome of which is unknown
Experiment/study
that portion of an experiment/study that the researcher manipulates or varies
Treatment
the set representing all measurements of interest to the researcher
population
a subset of measurements selected from the population of interest
sample
a characteristic that changes or varies over time and/or from different individuals or objects under consideration
variable
numerical observations that represent an amount or quantity which arise when the observations are counts or measurements (e.g. height, biomass)
quantitative variable
observations that represent a non-numerical quality or characteristic but fall into separate distinct categories (e.g. sex, political affiliation, color of eyes, socio-economic status)
qualitative variable
the probability of rejecting a true null hypothesis.
p-value
level of risk of rejecting a true null hypothesis you find acceptable
alpha
P <= 0.05
Reject Null Hypothesis; there is a significant difference in the means
P > 0.05
Fail to reject Null Hypothesis; there is no significant difference in the means
Parts of an abstract
t i m r d
Why do ecologists study population growth?
- Learn more about the environmental requirements for an organism
- Regulate population size
- Predict future population fluctuations
measure of the light that passes through the sample
Transmittance
measure of the quantity of light that a sample neither transmits nor reflects; proportional to the concentration of a substance in a solution
Absorbance
Transmittance and absorbance are _____ related. The inverse relationship is ______
inversely
logarithmic
Causes of thicketization
Overgrazing
Seed dispersal by livestock
Fire prevention
